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DICTOL - A Discriminative dictionary Learning Toolbox for Classification (MATLAB version).

This Toolbox is a part of our LRSDL project.

See Python version.

Related publications:

1. Tiep H. Vu, Vishal Monga. "Fast Low-rank Shared Dictionary Learning for Image Classification." to appear in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. [paper].

2. Tiep H. Vu, Vishal Monga. "Learning a low-rank shared dictionary for object classification." International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) 2016. [paper].

Author: Tiep Vu

Run DICTOL_demo.m to see example

If you experience any bugs, please let me know via the Issues tab. I'd really appreciate and fix the error ASAP. Thank you.

On this page:

• Notation
• Sparse Representation-based classification (SRC)
• Online Dictionary Learning (ODL)
  • Cost function
  • Training ODL
• LCKSVD
• Dictionary learning with structured incoherence and shared features (DLSI)
  • Cost function
  • Training DLSI
  • DLSI predict new samples
  • Demo
• Dictionary learning for separating the particularity and the commonality (COPAR)
  • Cost function
  • Training COPAR
  • COPAR predect new samples
  • Demo
• LRSDL
  • Motivation
  • Cost function
  • Training LRSDL
  • LRSDL predict new samples
  • Demo
• Fisher discrimination dictionary learning (FDDL)
  • Cost function
  • Training FDDL
  • FDDL predect new samples
• Discriminative Feature-Oriented dictionary learning (DFDL)
• D2L2R2
• Fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA)
• References

<a name="notation"></a>

Notation

• Y: signals. Each column is one observation.
• D: dictionary.
• X: sparse coefficient.
• d: signal dimension. d = size(Y, 1).
• C: number of classes.
• c: class index.
• n_c: number of training samples in class c. Typically, all n_c are the same and equal to n.
• N: total number of training samples.
• Y_range: an array storing range of each class, suppose that labels are sorted in a ascending order. Example: If Y_range = [0, 10, 25], then:
  • There are two classes, samples from class 1 range from 1 to 10, from class 2 range from 11 to 25.
  • In general, samples from class c range from Y_range(c) + 1 to Y_range(c+1)
  • We can observe that number of classes C = numel(Y_range) - 1.
• k_c: number of bases in class-specific dictionary c. Typically, all n_c are the same and equal to k.
• k_0: number of bases in the shared-dictionary
• K: total number of dictionary bases.
• D_range: similar to Y_range but used for dictionary without the shared dictionary.

<a name="sparse-representation-based-classification-src"></a>

Sparse Representation-based classification (SRC)

• Sparse Representation-based classification implementation [1].
• Classification based on SRC.
• Syntax: [pred, X] = SRC_pred(Y, D, D_range, opts)
  • INPUT:
    • Y: test samples.
    • D: the total dictionary. D = [D_1, D_2, ..., D_C] with D_c being the c-th class-specific dictionary.
    • D_range: range of class-specific dictionaries in D. See also Notation.
    • opts: options.
      • opts.lambda: lambda for the Lasso problem. Default: 0.01.
      • opts.max_iter: maximum iterations of fista algorithm. Default: 100. Check this implementation of FISTA
  • OUTPUT:
    • pred: predicted labels of test samples.
    • X: solution of the lasso problem.

<a name="online-dictionary-learning-odl"></a>

Online Dictionary Learning (ODL)

• An implementation of the well-known Online Dictionary Learning method [2].

<a name="cost-function"></a>

Cost function

<a name="training-odl"></a>

Training ODL

• Syntax: [D, X] = ODL(Y, k, lambda, opts, sc_method)
  • INPUT:
    • Y: collection of samples.
    • k: number of bases in the desired dictionary.
    • lambda: norm 1 regularization parameter.
    • opts: option.
    • sc_method: sparse coding method used in the sparse coefficient update. Possible values:
      • 'fista': using FISTA algorithm. See also fista.
      • 'spams': using SPAMS toolbox [12].
  • OUTPUT:
    • D, X: as in the problem.

<a name="lcksvd"></a>

LCKSVD

Check its project page <a name="dictionary-learning-with-structured-incoherence-and-shared-features-dlsi"></a>

Dictionary learning with structured incoherence and shared features (DLSI)

• An implementation of the well-known DLSI method [5].

<a name="cost-function-1"></a>

Cost function

<a name="training-dlsi"></a>

Training DLSI

• function [D, X, rt] = DLSI(Y, Y_range, opts)
• The main DLSI algorithm
• INPUT:
  • Y, Y_range: training samples and their labels
  • opts:
    • opts.lambda, opts.eta: lambda and eta in the cost function
    • opts.max_iter: maximum iterations.
• OUTPUT:
  • D: the trained dictionary,
  • X: the trained sparse coefficient,
  • rt: total running time of the training process.

<a name="dlsi-predict-new-samples"></a>

DLSI predict new samples

• function pred = DLSI_pred(Y, D, opts)
• predict the label of new input Y given the trained dictionary D and parameters stored in opts

<a name="demo"></a>

Demo

Run DLSI_top in Matlab command window.

<a name="dictionary-learning-for-separating-the-particularity-and-the-commonality-copar"></a>

Dictionary learning for separating the particularity and the commonality (COPAR)

• An implementation of COPAR [7].

<a name="cost-function-2"></a>

Cost function

where:

Training COPAR

• function [D, X, rt] = COPAR(Y, Y_range, opts)

• INPUT:

  • Y, Y_range: training samples and their labels
  • opts: a struct
    • opts.lambda, opts.eta: lambda and eta in the cost function
    • opts.max_iter: maximum iterations.

• OUTPUT:

  • D: the trained dictionary,
  • X: the trained sparse coefficient,
  • rt: total running time of the training process.

<a name="copar-predect-new-samples"></a>

COPAR predect new samples

• function pred = COPAR_pred(Y, D, D_range_ext, opts)

• predict label of the input Y

• INPUT:

  • Y: test samples
  • D: the trained dictionary
  • D_range_ext: range of class-specific and shared dictionaries in D. The shared dictionary is located at the end of D.
  • opts: a struct of options:
  • opts.classify_mode: a string of classification mode. either 'GC' (global coding) or 'LC' (local coding)
  • opts.lambda, opts.eta, opts.max_iter: as in COPAR.m.

• OUTPUT:

  • pred: predicted labels of Y.

<a name="demo-1"></a>

Demo

Run COPAR_top in the Matlab command window.

<a name="lrsdl"></a>

LRSDL

• An implementation of COPAR [8].

<a name="motivation"></a>

Motivation

<a name="cost-function-3"></a>

Cost function

Note that unlike COPAR, in LRSDL, we separate the class-specific dictionaries (D) and the shared dictionary (D_0). The sparse coefficients (X, X^0) are also separated.

<a name="training-lrsdl"></a>

Training LRSDL

• function `[D, D0, X, X0, CoefM, coefM0, opts, rt] = LRSDL(Y, train_label, opts)``

• INPUT:

  • Y, Y_range: training samples and their labels
  • opts: a struct
    • opts.lambda1, opts.lambda: lambda1 and lambda2 in the cost function,
    • opts.lambda3: eta in the cost function (fix later),
    • opts.max_iter: maximum iterations,
    • opts.D_range: range of the trained dictionary,
    • opts.k0: size of the shared dictionary

• OUTPUT:

  • D, D0, X, X0: trained matrices as in the cost function,
  • CoefM: the mean matrix. CoefM(:, c) is the mean vector of X_c (mean of columns).
  • CoefM0: the mean vector of X0,
  • rt: total running time (in seconds).

<a name="lrsdl-predict-new-samples"></a>

LRSDL predict new samples

See LRSDL_pred_GC.m function

<a name="demo-2"></a>

Demo

Run LRSDL_top in the Matlab command window.

<a name="fisher-discrimination-dictionary-learning-fddl"></a>

Fisher discrimination dictionary learning (FDDL)

• An implementation of FDDL [4].

<a name="cost-function-4"></a>

Cost function

Simiar to LRSDL cost function without red terms.

<a name="training-fddl"></a>

Training FDDL

Set opts.k0 = 0 and using LRSDL.m function.

<a name="fddl-predect-new-samples"></a>

FDDL predect new samples

• function `pred = FDDL_pred(Y, D, CoefM, opts)``

<a name="discriminative-feature-oriented-dictionary-learning-dfdl"></a>

Discriminative Feature-Oriented dictionary learning (DFDL)

• Its project page.

<a name="dlr"></a>

D2L2R2

• Update later

<a name="fast-iterative-shrinkage-thresholding-algorithm-fista"></a>

Fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA)

• An implementation of FISTA [10].
• Check this repository

<a name="references"></a>

References

<a name="fn_src">[1]</a>. (SRC)Wright, John, et al. "Robust face recognition via sparse representation." Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on 31.2 (2009): 210-227. paper

<a name="fn_odl">[2]</a>. (ODL) Mairal, Julien, et al. "Online learning for matrix factorization and sparse coding." The Journal of Machine Learning Research 11 (2010): 19-60. [paper]

<a name="fn_lck">[3]</a>. (LC-KSVD) Jiang, Zhuolin, Zhe Lin, and Larry S. Davis. "Label consistent K-SVD: Learning a discriminative dictionary for recognition." Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on 35.11 (2013): 2651-2664. [Project page]

<a name="fn_fdd">[4]</a>. (FDDL) Yang, Meng, et al. "Fisher discrimination dictionary learning for sparse representation." Computer Vision (ICCV), 2011 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2011. [paper], [code]

<a name="fn_dls">[5]</a>. (DLSI)Ramirez, Ignacio, Pablo Sprechmann, and Guillermo Sapiro. "Classification and clustering via dictionary learning with structured incoherence and shared features." Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2010 IEEE Conference on. IEEE, 2010. [paper]

<a name="fn_dfd">[6]</a>. (DFDL) Discriminative Feature-Oriented dictionary Learning. Tiep H. Vu, H. S. Mousavi, V. Monga, A. U. Rao and G. Rao, "Histopathological Image Classification using Discriminative Feature-Oriented dictionary Learning", IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging , volume 35, issue 3, pages 738-751, March 2016. [paper] [Project page]

<a name="fn_cor">[7]</a>. (COPAR) Kong, Shu, and Donghui Wang. "A dictionary learning approach for classification: separating the particularity and the commonality." Computer Vision ECCV 2012. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. 186-199. [paper]

<a name="fn_lrs">[8]</a>. (LRSDL) Tiep H. Vu, Vishal Monga. "Learning a low-rank shared dictionary for object classification." International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) 2016. [paper]

<a name="fn_shr">[9]</a>. A singular value thresholding algorithm for matrix completion." SIAM Journal on Optimization 20.4 (2010): 1956-1982. [paper]

<a name="fn_fista">[10]</a>. (FISTA) Beck, Amir, and Marc Teboulle. "A fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm for linear inverse problems." SIAM journal on imaging sciences 2.1 (2009): 183-202. [paper]

<a name="fn_spams"> [11]</a>. (SPAMS) The Sparse Modeling Software