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Amazon Corretto Crypto Provider
The Amazon Corretto Crypto Provider (ACCP) is a collection of high-performance cryptographic implementations exposed via the standard JCA/JCE interfaces. This means that it can be used as a drop in replacement for many different Java applications. (Differences from the default OpenJDK implementations are documented here.) As of 2.0.0, algorithms exposed by ACCP are primarily backed by AWS-LC's implementations.
Build Status
Build Name | main branch |
---|---|
Linux x86_64 | |
Linux aarch64 |
Supported Algorithms
MessageDigest algorithms:
- SHA-512
- SHA-384
- SHA-256
- SHA-1
- MD5
Mac algorithms:
- HmacSHA512
- HmacSHA384
- HmacSHA256
- HmacSHA1
- HmacMD5
Cipher algorithms:
- AES/GCM/NoPadding
- AES_<n>/GCM/NoPadding, where n can be 128, or 256
- AES/KWP/NoPadding
- AES/XTS/NoPadding
- AES/CBC/NoPadding
- AES_<n>/CBC/NoPadding, where n can be 128, 192, or 256
- AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding
- AES_<n>/CBC/PKCS5Padding, where n can be 128, 192, or 256
- PKCS7Padding is also accepted with AES/CBC and it is treated the same as PKCS5.
- AES/CBC/ISO10126Padding
- AES_<n>/CBC/ISO10126Padding, where n can be 128, 192, or 256
- RSA/ECB/NoPadding
- RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding
- RSA/ECB/OAEPPadding
- RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-1AndMGF1Padding
- RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA1AndMGF1Padding
Signature algorithms:
- SHA1withRSA
- SHA224withRSA
- SHA256withRSA
- SHA384withRSA
- SHA512withRSA
- NONEwithECDSA
- SHA1withECDSA
- SHA1withECDSAinP1363Format
- SHA224withECDSA
- SHA224withECDSAinP1363Format
- SHA256withECDSA
- SHA256withECDSAinP1363Format
- SHA384withECDSA
- SHA384withECDSAinP1363Format
- SHA512withECDSA
- SHA512withECDSAinP1363Format
- RSASSA-PSS
- ED25519 (JDK 15+)
KeyPairGenerator:
- EC
- RSA
- ED25519 (JDK 15+)
KeyGenerator:
- AES
KeyAgreement:
- ECDH
SecretKeyFactory:
- HkdfWithHmacSHA1
- HkdfWithHmacSHA256
- HkdfWithHmacSHA384
- HkdfWithHmacSHA512
- ConcatenationKdfWithSHA256 (not available in FIPS builds)
- ConcatenationKdfWithSHA384 (not available in FIPS builds)
- ConcatenationKdfWithSHA512 (not available in FIPS builds)
- ConcatenationKdfWithHmacSHA256 (not available in FIPS builds)
- ConcatenationKdfWithHmacSHA512 (not available in FIPS builds)
- CounterKdfWithHmacSHA256 (not available in FIPS builds)
- CounterKdfWithHmacSHA384 (not available in FIPS builds)
- CounterKdfWithHmacSHA512 (not available in FIPS builds)
SecureRandom:
- ACCP's SecureRandom uses AWS-LC's DRBG implementation.
KeyFactory:
- EC
- RSA
- ED25519 (JDK 15+). Please refer to system properties for more information.
AlgorithmParameters:
- EC. Please refer to system properties for more information.
Notes on ACCP-FIPS
ACCP-FIPS is a variation of ACCP which uses AWS-LC-FIPS 2.x as its cryptographic module. This version of AWS-LC-FIPS has FIPS certificate 4816.
Version 2.3.0 is the first release of ACCP-FIPS. The Maven coordinates for
ACCP-FIPS are the same as ACCP with one difference that ACCP-FIPS's
artifact ID is AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider-FIPS
.
Notable differences between ACCP and ACCP-FIPS:
- ACCP uses the latest release of AWS-LC, whereas, ACCP-FIPS uses the fips-2022-11-02 branch of AWS-LC.
- ACCP-FIPS builds AWS-LC in FIPS mode by passing
-DFIPS=1
when configuring AWS-LC's build. - In FIPS-mode, RSA keys are limited to 2048, 3072, or 4096 bits in size with public exponent F4.
- Prior to version 2.4.0, ACCP-FIPS does not register SecureRandom by default due to the performance of AWS-LC’s entropy source in FIPS-mode. A system property is available to register SecureRandom from AWS-LC if needed, and the performance differences are described in further detail under the description of that property.
- Due to the fact that an older branch of AWS-LC is used in FIPS-mode, there will be performance differences between ACCP and ACCP-FIPS. We highly recommend performing detailed performance testing of your application if you choose to experiment with ACCP-FIPS.
ACCP-FIPS is only supported on the following platforms:
Platform | FIPS support since version |
---|---|
linux-x86_64 | 2.3.0 |
linux-aarch_64 | 2.3.0 |
Compatibility & Requirements
ACCP has the following requirements:
- JDK8 or newer (This includes both OracleJDK and Amazon Corretto)
- Linux (x86-64 or arm64) or MacOs running on x86_64 (also known as x64 or AMD64)
ACCP comes bundled with AWS-LC's libcrypto.so
, so it is not necessary to install AWS-LC on the host or container where you run your application.
If ACCP is used/installed on a system it does not support, it will disable itself and the JVM will behave as if ACCP weren't installed at all.
Using the provider
Installation
Installing via Maven or Gradle is the easiest way to get ACCP and ensure you will always have the most recent version. We strongly recommend you always pull in the latest version for best performance and bug-fixes.
Whether you're using Maven, Gradle, or some other build system that also pulls packages from Maven Central, it's important to specify a classifier, otherwise, one would get an empty package. The possible classifiers are as follows:
Classifier | Support since version | FIPS support since version |
---|---|---|
linux-x86_64 | 1.0.0 | 2.3.0 |
linux-aarch_64 | 2.0.0 | 2.3.0 |
osx-x86_64 | 2.3.2 | Not supported |
osx-aarch_64 | 2.3.3 | Not supported |
Regardless of how you acquire ACCP (Maven, manual build, etc.) you will still need to follow the guidance in the Configuration section to enable ACCP in your application.
Maven
Add the following to your pom.xml
or wherever you configure your Maven dependencies.
This will instruct it to use the latest 2.x
version of ACCP for Linux x86-64 platform.
For more information, please see VERSIONING.rst.
<dependency>
<groupId>software.amazon.cryptools</groupId>
<artifactId>AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider</artifactId>
<version>[2.0, 3.0)</version>
<classifier>linux-x86_64</classifier>
</dependency>
The artifactId for FIPS builds is AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider-FIPS
.
ACCP artifacts on Maven can be verified using the following PGP keys:
ACCP Version | PGP Key ID | Key Server |
---|---|---|
1.x | 6F189046CEE0B2C1 | keyserver.ubuntu.com |
2.x | 5EFEEFE6BD0BD916 | keyserver.ubuntu.com |
Gradle
Add the following to your build.gradle
file. If you already have a
dependencies
block in your build.gradle
, you can add the ACCP line to your
existing block.
For more information, please see VERSIONING.rst.
dependencies {
implementation 'software.amazon.cryptools:AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider:2.+:linux-x86_64'
}
For Gradle builds, the os-detector plugin could be used so that one does not have to explicitly specify the platform. Here is an example.
Bundle ACCP with JDK
We provide two scripts that allow one to add ACCP to their JDKs: one for JDK8 and one for JDKs 11+. Please note that these scripts are provided as examples and for testing only.
These scripts take the version of ACCP and the classifier as input. Optionally, one can pass -FIPS
as the third argument to bundle the FIPS artifacts. To use these scripts, please set JAVA_HOME
to
the path of your desired JDK.
Usage example:
./bin/bundle-accp.sh 2.3.3 linux-x86_64
To find the available versions and classifiers, please checkout Maven central.
Some notes on the bundling scripts:
- One needs to run the bundling script only once.
- The bundling is not idempotent: running the script on a JDK that has ACCP bundled in it could result in undefined behavior.
- There is no unbundling. Please do a fresh install of the JDK if you need to remove ACCP from your JDK.
Manual
Manual installation requires acquiring the provider and adding it to your classpath. You can either download a prebuilt version of the provider or build it yourself. Adding a jar to your classpath is highly application and build-system dependent and we cannot provide specific guidance.
Download from GitHub releases
The most recent version of our provider will always be on our official releases page.
Build it yourself
Please be aware that if you build the provider yourself then it will NOT work with OracleJDK. The OracleJDK requires that JCA providers be cryptographically signed by a trusted certificate. The JARs we publish via Maven and our official releases are signed by our private key, but yours will not be.
Building this provider requires a 64 bit Linux or MacOS build system with the following prerequisites installed:
- OpenJDK 10 or newer
- cmake 3.8 or newer
- C++ build chain
- lcov for coverage metrics
- gcovr for reporting coverage metrics in CodeBuild
- Go 1.18 or later is required. 1.18 or later is the minimum required
version to build AWS-LC, 1.20 or later is needed in order to run AWS-LC's test suite. If not
found by CMake, the go executable may be configured explicitly by setting
GO_EXECUTABLE
.
- Download the repository via
git clone --recurse-submodules
- Run
./gradlew release
- The resulting jar is in
build/lib
Repackaging ACCP into Uber/Fat Jars
Please be aware that repackaging ACCP's published Jar files from Maven into your own "uber" or "fat" JAR file may not work on OracleJDK. The OracleJDK requires that JCE providers be cryptographically signed by a trusted certificate. The JARs we publish via Maven and our official releases are signed by our private key, but yours will not be.
Depending on how ACCP is repackaged, ACCP's existing signature may be invalidated, and you may receive one of the following exceptions:
java.util.jar.JarException: The JCE Provider file is not signed.
java.lang.SecurityException: JCE cannot authenticate the provider
java.security.NoSuchProviderException: JCE cannot authenticate the provider
If you receive one of these exceptions, then you will need to evaluate if any of the following options will work for your application and environment:
- Exclude ACCP from your repackaging process, keeping ACCP's jar file unmodified, and deploying both your uber jar and ACCP jar as separate jar files.
- Use a non-standard Java ClassLoader that allows loading a "jar of jars" (such as Spring-boot's NestedJarFile), and copy ACCP's Jar file into the parent Jar file so that ACCP's JCE signature remains intact.
- Migrate to a different JDK (eg OpenJDK or CorrettoJDK) that does not require that JCE providers be signed.
- Obtain your own JCE Code Signing Certificate and sign your repackaged Jar.
FIPS builds
FIPS builds are still experimental and are not yet ready for production use.
By providing -DFIPS=true
to gradlew
you will cause the entire build to be for a "FIPS mode" build.
The FIPS builds use a different version of AWS-LC along with FIPS=1
build flag. Not all releases of
AWS-LC will have FIPS certification. As a result, ACCP in FIPS mode only uses a version of AWS-LC
that has FIPS certification or it will have in future.
By providing -DEXPERIMENTAL_FIPS=true
to gradlew
you will cause the entire build to be for a "FIPS mode"
build, and it uses the same version of AWS-LC as non-FIPS builds. This allows one to experiment with APIs
and features in AWS-LC that have not yet made it into a FIPS branch/release of AWS-LC, but built in FIPS mode.
When changing between FIPS and non-FIPS builds, be sure to do a full clean
of your build environment.
All targets
- clean: Remove all artifacts except AWS-LC build artifacts
- deep_clean: Remove the entire
build/
directory including build artifacts from AWS-LC dependencies - build: Build the library
- test: Run unit tests
- test_extra_checks: Run unit tests with extra (slow) cryptographic checks enabled
- test_integration: Run integration tests
- test_integration_extra_checks: Run integration tests with extra (slow) cryptographic checks enabled
- coverage: Run target
test
and collect both Java and C++ coverage metrics (saved inbuild/reports
) - release: Default target depends on build, test, and coverage
- overkill: Run all tests (no coverage)
- generateEclipseClasspath: Generates a
.classpath
file which is understandable by Eclipse and VS Code to make development easier. (This should ideally be run prior to opening ACCP in your IDE.) - single_test: Runs a single unit test. The test is selected with the Java system property
SINGLE_TEST
. For example:./gradlew single_test -DSINGLE_TEST=com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.test.EcGenTest
(You may need to do a clean build when switching between selected tests.)
Configuration
There are several ways to configure the ACCP as the highest priority provider in Java.
Code
Run the following method early in program start up: com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider.install()
Via Security Properties
Add the following Java property to your programs command line: -Djava.security.properties=/path/to/amazon-corretto-crypto-provider.security
where amazon-corretto-crypto-provider.security is downloaded from
amazon-corretto-crypto-provider.security (for JDK versions older than JDK15)
or amazon-corretto-crypto-provider-jdk15.security (for JDK15 or newer)
in our repository.
Modify the JVM settings
Modify the java.security
file provided by your JVM so that the highest priority provider is the Amazon Corretto Crypto Provider.
Look at amazon-corretto-crypto-provider.security (JDKs 11 and older)
or amazon-corretto-crypto-provider-jdk15.security (for JDKs newer than 11)
for an example of what this change will look like.
Verification (Optional)
If you want to check to verify that ACCP is properly working on your system, you can do any of the following:
- Verify that the highest priority provider actually is ACCP:
if (Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding").getProvider().getName().equals(AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider.PROVIDER_NAME)) {
// Successfully installed
}
- Ask ACCP about its health
if (AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider.INSTANCE.getLoadingError() == null && AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider.INSTANCE.runSelfTests().equals(SelfTestStatus.PASSED)) {
// Successfully installed
}
- Assert that ACCP is healthy and throw a
RuntimeCryptoException
if it isn't. We generally do not recommend this solution as we believe that gracefully falling back to other providers is usually the better option.
AmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider.INSTANCE.assertHealthy();
Other system properties
ACCP can be configured via several system properties.
None of these should be needed for standard deployments, and we recommend not touching them.
They are of most use to developers needing to test ACCP or experiment with benchmarking.
These are all read early in the load process and may be cached so any changes to them made from within Java may not be respected.
Thus, these should all be set on the JVM command line using -D
.
com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.extrachecks
Adds extra cryptographic consistency checks which are not necessary on standard systems. These checks may be computationally expensive and are not normally relevant. SeeExtraCheck.java
for values and more information. (Also accepts "ALL" as a value to enable all flags and "help" to print out all flags to STDERR.)com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.debug
Enables extra debugging behavior. These behaviors may be computationally expensive, produce additional output, or otherwise change the behavior of ACCP. No values here will lower the security of ACCP or cause it to give incorrect results. SeeDebugFlag.java
for values and more information. (Also accepts "ALL" as a value to enable all flags and "help" to print out all flags to STDERR.)com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.useExternalLib
Takes intrue
orfalse
(defaults tofalse
). Iftrue
then ACCP skips trying to load the native library bundled within its JAR and goes directly to the system library path.com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.janitor.stripes
Takes positive integer value which is the requested minimum number of "stripes" used by theJanitor
for dividing cleaning tasks (messes) among its workers. (Current behavior is to default this value to 4 times the CPU core count and then round the value up to the nearest power of two.) SeeJanitor.java
for more information.com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.cacheselftestresults
Takes intrue
orfalse
(defaults totrue
). If set totrue
, the results of running tests are cached, and the subsequent calls toAmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider::runSelfTests
would avoid re-running tests; otherwise, each call toAmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider::runSelfTests
re-run the tests.com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.registerEcParams
Takes intrue
orfalse
(defaults tofalse
). Iftrue
, then ACCP will register its EC-flavored AlgorithmParameters implementation on startup. Else, the JCA will get the implementation from another registered provider (usually stock JCE). Using JCE's implementation is generally recommended unless using ACCP as a standalone provider Callers can choose to register ACCP's implementation at runtime with a call toAmazonCorrettoCryptoProvider.registerEcParams()
com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.registerSecureRandom
Takes intrue
orfalse
(defaults totrue
). Iftrue
, then ACCP will register a SecureRandom implementation (LibCryptoRng
) backed by AWS-LC Else, ACCP will not register a SecureRandom implementation, meaning that the JCA will source SecureRandom instances from another registered provider. AWS-LC will still use its internal DRBG for key generation and other operations requiring secure pseudo-randomness.com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.nativeContextReleaseStrategy
Takes inHYBRID
,LAZY
, orEAGER
(defaults toHYBRID
). This property only affects AES-GCM cipher for now. AES-GCM associates a native object of typeEVP_CIPHER_CTX
to eachCipher
object. This property allows users to control the strategy for releasing the native object.HYBRID
(default): the structure is released eagerly, unless the same AES key is used. This is the default behavior, and it is consistent with prior releases of ACCP.LAZY
: preserve the native object and do not release while theCipher
object is not garbage collected.EAGER
: release the native object as soon as possible, regardless of using the same key or not. Our recommendation is to set this property toEAGER
ifCipher
objects are discarded after use and caching ofCipher
objects is not needed. When reusing the sameCipher
object, it would be beneficial to set this system property toLAZY
so that different encryption/decryption operations would not require allocation and release ofEVP_CIPHER_CTX
structure. A common use case would be having long-running threads that each would get its own instance ofCipher
class.
com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.tmpdir
Allows one to set the temporary directory used by ACCP when loading native libraries. If this system property is not defined, the system propertyjava.io.tmpdir
is used.com.amazon.corretto.crypto.provider.registerEdKeyFactory
Takes intrue
orfalse
(defaults tofalse
). Iftrue
and JDK version is 15+, then ACCP will register its Ed25519 related KeyFactory classes. The keys produced by ACCP's KeyFactory services for Ed25519 do not implement EdECKey interface, and as a result, they cannot be used by other providers. Consider setting this property totrue
if the keys are only used by other ACCP services AND they are not type cast toEdECKey
. It is worth noting that the key generated by KeyFactory service of SunEC can be used by ACCP services such as Signature.
License
This library is licensed under the Apache 2.0 license although portions of this product include software licensed under the dual OpenSSL and SSLeay license. This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org), as well as cryptographic software written by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
As of version 2.0.0, our backing native cryptographic library (now AWS-LC) also
has some code published under
MIT, Google's
ISC, and 3-clause
BSD licenses (among
others). Please see AWS-LC's LICENSE
file for full details.