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PostCSS

<img align="right" width="95" height="95" alt="Philosopher’s stone, logo of PostCSS" src="https://postcss.org/logo.svg">

PostCSS is a tool for transforming styles with JS plugins. These plugins can lint your CSS, support variables and mixins, transpile future CSS syntax, inline images, and more.

PostCSS is used by industry leaders including Wikipedia, Twitter, Alibaba, and JetBrains. The Autoprefixer and Stylelint PostCSS plugins is one of the most popular CSS tools.

<img src="https://cdn.evilmartians.com/badges/logo-no-label.svg" alt="" width="22" height="16" />  Made at <b><a href="https://evilmartians.com/devtools?utm_source=postcss&utm_campaign=devtools-button&utm_medium=github">Evil Martians</a></b>, product consulting for <b>developer tools</b>.

Sponsorship

PostCSS needs your support. We are accepting donations at Open Collective.

<a href="https://tailwindcss.com/"> <img src="https://refactoringui.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/tailwind-logo.svg" alt="Sponsored by Tailwind CSS" width="213" height="50"></a>       <a href="https://themeisle.com/"> <img src="https://mllj2j8xvfl0.i.optimole.com/d0cOXWA.3970~373ad/w:auto/h:auto/q:90/https://s30246.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/logo.png" alt="Sponsored by ThemeIsle" width="171" height="56"></a>

Plugins

PostCSS takes a CSS file and provides an API to analyze and modify its rules (by transforming them into an Abstract Syntax Tree). This API can then be used by plugins to do a lot of useful things, e.g., to find errors automatically, or to insert vendor prefixes.

Currently, PostCSS has more than 200 plugins. You can find all of the plugins in the plugins list. Below is a list of our favorite plugins — the best demonstrations of what can be built on top of PostCSS.

If you have any new ideas, PostCSS plugin development is really easy.

Solve Global CSS Problem

Use Future CSS, Today

Better CSS Readability

Images and Fonts

Linters

Other

Syntaxes

PostCSS can transform styles in any syntax, not just CSS. If there is not yet support for your favorite syntax, you can write a parser and/or stringifier to extend PostCSS.

Articles

More articles and videos you can find on awesome-postcss list.

Books

Usage

You can start using PostCSS in just two steps:

  1. Find and add PostCSS extensions for your build tool.
  2. Select plugins and add them to your PostCSS process.

CSS-in-JS

The best way to use PostCSS with CSS-in-JS is astroturf. Add its loader to your webpack.config.js:

module.exports = {
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.css$/,
        use: ['style-loader', 'postcss-loader'],
      },
      {
        test: /\.jsx?$/,
        use: ['babel-loader', 'astroturf/loader'],
      }
    ]
  }
}

Then create postcss.config.js:

/** @type {import('postcss-load-config').Config} */
const config = {
  plugins: [
    require('autoprefixer'),
    require('postcss-nested')
  ]
}

module.exports = config

Parcel

Parcel has built-in PostCSS support. It already uses Autoprefixer and cssnano. If you want to change plugins, create postcss.config.js in project’s root:

/** @type {import('postcss-load-config').Config} */
const config = {
  plugins: [
    require('autoprefixer'),
    require('postcss-nested')
  ]
}

module.exports = config

Parcel will even automatically install these plugins for you.

Please, be aware of the several issues in Version 1. Notice, Version 2 may resolve the issues via issue #2157.

Webpack

Use postcss-loader in webpack.config.js:

module.exports = {
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.css$/,
        exclude: /node_modules/,
        use: [
          {
            loader: 'style-loader',
          },
          {
            loader: 'css-loader',
            options: {
              importLoaders: 1,
            }
          },
          {
            loader: 'postcss-loader'
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

Then create postcss.config.js:

/** @type {import('postcss-load-config').Config} */
const config = {
  plugins: [
    require('autoprefixer'),
    require('postcss-nested')
  ]
}

module.exports = config

Gulp

Use gulp-postcss and gulp-sourcemaps.

gulp.task('css', () => {
  const postcss    = require('gulp-postcss')
  const sourcemaps = require('gulp-sourcemaps')

  return gulp.src('src/**/*.css')
    .pipe( sourcemaps.init() )
    .pipe( postcss([ require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested') ]) )
    .pipe( sourcemaps.write('.') )
    .pipe( gulp.dest('build/') )
})

npm Scripts

To use PostCSS from your command-line interface or with npm scripts there is postcss-cli.

postcss --use autoprefixer -o main.css css/*.css

Browser

If you want to compile CSS string in browser (for instance, in live edit tools like CodePen), just use Browserify or webpack. They will pack PostCSS and plugins files into a single file.

To apply PostCSS plugins to React Inline Styles, JSS, Radium and other CSS-in-JS, you can use postcss-js and transforms style objects.

const postcss  = require('postcss-js')
const prefixer = postcss.sync([ require('autoprefixer') ])

prefixer({ display: 'flex' }) //=> { display: ['-webkit-box', '-webkit-flex', '-ms-flexbox', 'flex'] }

Runners

JS API

For other environments, you can use the JS API:

const autoprefixer = require('autoprefixer')
const postcss = require('postcss')
const postcssNested = require('postcss-nested')
const fs = require('fs')

fs.readFile('src/app.css', (err, css) => {
  postcss([autoprefixer, postcssNested])
    .process(css, { from: 'src/app.css', to: 'dest/app.css' })
    .then(result => {
      fs.writeFile('dest/app.css', result.css, () => true)
      if ( result.map ) {
        fs.writeFile('dest/app.css.map', result.map.toString(), () => true)
      }
    })
})

Read the PostCSS API documentation for more details about the JS API.

All PostCSS runners should pass PostCSS Runner Guidelines.

Options

Most PostCSS runners accept two parameters:

Common options:

Treat Warnings as Errors

In some situations it might be helpful to fail the build on any warning from PostCSS or one of its plugins. This guarantees that no warnings go unnoticed, and helps to avoid bugs. While there is no option to enable treating warnings as errors, it can easily be done by adding postcss-fail-on-warn plugin in the end of PostCSS plugins:

module.exports = {
  plugins: [
    require('autoprefixer'),
    require('postcss-fail-on-warn')
  ]
}

Editors & IDE Integration

VS Code

Sublime Text

Vim

WebStorm

To get support for PostCSS in WebStorm and other JetBrains IDEs you need to install this plugin.

Security Contact

To report a security vulnerability, please use the Tidelift security contact. Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.

For Enterprise

Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription.

The maintainers of postcss and thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source dependencies you use to build your applications. Save time, reduce risk, and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact dependencies you use. Learn more.