Awesome
vim-autoformat
Format code with one button press (or automatically on save).
This plugin makes use of external formatting programs to achieve the most decent results.
Check the list of formatprograms below to see which languages are supported by default.
Most formatprograms will obey vim settings, such as textwidth
and shiftwidth()
.
You can easily customize existing formatprogram definitions or add your own formatprogram.
When no formatprogram exists (or no formatprogram is installed) for a certain filetype,
vim-autoformat falls back by default to indenting, (using vim's auto indent functionality), retabbing and removing trailing whitespace.
Requirement
vim-autoformat requires vim to have python support (python 2 or python 3). You can check your vim has python support by running :echo has("python3")
and :echo has("python2")
.
Neovim
Neovim does not come with python support by default, and additional setup is required.
First install pynvim
python3 -m pip install pynvim
And add the following configuration in your .vimrc
let g:python3_host_prog="/path/to/python/executable/"
How to install
Vundle
Put this in your .vimrc
.
Plugin 'vim-autoformat/vim-autoformat'
Then restart vim and run :PluginInstall
. Alternatively, you could run :source $MYVIMRC
to reload your .vimrc
without restarting vim.
To update the plugin to the latest version, you can run :PluginUpdate
.
Pathogen
Download the source and extract in your bundle directory. Updating has to be done manually, as far as I'm aware.
Other
It is highly recommended to use a plugin manager such as Vundle, since this makes it easy to update plugins or uninstall them. It also keeps your .vim directory clean. Still you can decide to download this repository as a zip file or whatever and extract it to your .vim folder.
How to use
First you should install an external program that can format code of the programming language you are using. This can either be one of the programs that are listed below as defaultprograms, or a custom program. For defaultprograms, vim-autoformat knows for which filetypes it can be used. For using a custom formatprogram, read the text below How can I change the behaviour of formatters, or add one myself? If the formatprogram you want to use is installed in one of the following ways, vim automatically detects it:
- It suffices to make the formatprogram globally available, which is the case if you install it via your package manager.
- Alternatively you can point vim-autoformat to folders containing formatters, by putting the absolute paths to these folders in
g:formatterpath
in your .vimrc, like:
let g:formatterpath = ['/some/path/to/a/folder', '/home/superman/formatters']
Remember that when no formatprograms exists for a certain filetype, vim-autoformat falls back by default to indenting, retabbing and removing trailing whitespace. This will fix at least the most basic things, according to vim's indentfile for that filetype.
When you have installed the formatter you need, you can format the entire buffer with the command :Autoformat
.
You can provide the command with a file type such as :Autoformat json
, otherwise the buffer's filetype will be used.
Some formatters allow you to format only a part of the file, for instance clang-format
and
autopep8
.
To use this, provide a range to the :Autoformat
command, for instance by visually selecting a
part of your file, and then executing :Autoformat
.
For convenience it is recommended that you assign a key for this, like so:
noremap <F3> :Autoformat<CR>
Or to have your code be formatted upon saving your file, you could use something like this:
au BufWrite * :Autoformat
You can also format the current line only (without having to make a visual selection) by executing :AutoformatLine
.
To disable the fallback to vim's indent file, retabbing and removing trailing whitespace, set the following variables to 0.
let g:autoformat_autoindent = 0
let g:autoformat_retab = 0
let g:autoformat_remove_trailing_spaces = 0
To disable or re-enable these option for specific buffers, use the buffer local variants:
b:autoformat_autoindent
, b:autoformat_retab
and b:autoformat_remove_trailing_spaces
.
So to disable autoindent for filetypes that have incompetent indent files, use
autocmd FileType vim,tex let b:autoformat_autoindent=0
You can manually autoindent, retab or remove trailing whitespace with the following respective commands.
gg=G
:retab
:RemoveTrailingSpaces
For each filetype, vim-autoformat has a list of applicable formatters.
If you have multiple formatters installed that are supported for some filetype, vim-autoformat
tries all formatters in this list of applicable formatters, until one succeeds.
You can set this list manually in your vimrc (see section How can I change the behaviour of formatters, or add one myself?,
or change the formatter with the highest priority by the commands :NextFormatter
and :PreviousFormatter
.
To print the currently selected formatter use :CurrentFormatter
.
These latter commands are mostly useful for debugging purposes.
If you have a composite filetype with dots (like django.python
or php.wordpress
),
vim-autoformat first tries to detect and use formatters for the exact original filetype, and
then tries the same for all supertypes occurring from left to right in the original filetype
separated by dots (.
).
Using multiple formatters for the same file
It is possible to apply multiple formatters for single file, for example, html can use special formatters for js/css etc.
Support can be enabled via the g:run_all_formatters_<identifier>
option.
In this case, formatters from g:formatdef_<identifier>
will be applied to the file one by one. Fallback (vim) formatting
isn't used if at least one formatter has finished sucessfully.
Sample config:
let g:formatters_vue = ['eslint_local', 'stylelint']
let g:run_all_formatters_vue = 1
Default formatprograms
Here is a list of formatprograms that are supported by default, and thus will be detected and used by vim when they are installed properly. They are defined in https://github.com/Chiel92/vim-autoformat/blob/master/plugin/defaults.vim. They are simply tried in the order they are listed until one succeeds.
-
asmfmt
for Assembly. An assembly formatter. Can be installed withgo get -u github.com/klauspost/asmfmt/cmd/asmfmt
. See https://github.com/klauspost/asmfmt for more info. -
astyle
for C#, C++, C and Java. Download it here: http://astyle.sourceforge.net/. Important: version2.0.5
or higher is required, since only those versions correctly support piping and are stable enough. -
autopep8
for Python (supports formatting ranges). It's probably in your distro's repository, so you can download it as a regular package. For Ubuntu typesudo apt-get install python-autopep8
in a terminal. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/hhatto/autopep8. And here the link to its page on the python website: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/autopep8/0.5.2. -
black
for Python. Most users can install with the terminal commandsudo pip install black
orpip install --user black
. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/ambv/black -
buildifier
for bazel build files. (https://github.com/bazelbuild/buildtools/tree/master/buildifier) -
clang-format
for C, C++, Objective-C, Protobuf (supports formatting ranges). Clang-format is a product of LLVM source builds. If youbrew install llvm
, clang-format can be found in /usr/local/Cellar/llvm/bin/. Vim-autoformat checks whether there exists a.clang-format
or a_clang-format
file up in the current directory's ancestry. Based on that it either uses that file or tries to match vim options as much as possible. Details: http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html. -
cmake-format
for CMake. Installcmake_format
withpip
. See https://github.com/cheshirekow/cmake_format for more info. -
css-beautify
for CSS. It is shipped withjs-beautify
, which can be installed by runningnpm install -g js-beautify
. Note thatnodejs
is needed for this to work. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/einars/js-beautify. -
dartfmt
for Dart. Part of the Dart SDK (make sure it is on your PATH). See https://www.dartlang.org/tools/dartfmt/ for more info. -
dfmt
for D. It can be built or downloaded from https://github.com/dlang-community/dfmt. Arch Linux users can install it from thecommunity
repository withpacman -S dfmt
. Ifdfmt
is not found inPATH
, Vim-autoformat will try to usedub run dfmt
command to automatically download and rundfmt
. -
dhall format
for Dhall. The standard formatter, bundled with the interpreter. See https://github.com/dhall-lang/dhall-lang for more info. -
ESlint
for Javascript. http://eslint.org/ It can be installed by runningnpm install eslint
for a local project or by runningnpm install -g eslint
for global use. The linter is then installed locally at$YOUR_PROJECT/node_modules/.bin/eslint
or globally at~/.npm-global/bin/eslint
. When running the formatter, vim will walk up from the current file to search for such local installation and a ESLint configuration file (either.eslintrc.js
oreslintrc.json
). When the local version is missing it will fallback to the global version in your home directory. When both requirements are found eslint is executed with the--fix
argument. Note that the formatter's name is stilleslint_local
for legacy reasons even though it already supports globaleslint
. Currently only working on *nix like OS (Linux, MacOS etc.) as it requires the OS to provide sh like shell syntax. -
fish_indent
for Fish-shell. Fish shell builtin fish_indent formatter for fish shell script. -
fixjson
for JSON. It is a JSON file fixer/formatter for humans using (relaxed) JSON5. It fixes various failures while humans writing JSON and formats JSON codes. It can be installed withnpm install -g fixjson
. More info is available at https://github.com/rhysd/fixjson. -
fprettify
for modern Fortran. Download from official repository. Install with./setup.py install
or./setup.py install --user
. -
gnatpp
for Ada. http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-3.4.6/gnat_ugn_unw/The-GNAT-Pretty_002dPrinter-gnatpp.html -
gofmt
for Golang. The default golang formatting program is shipped with the golang distribution. Make suregofmt
is in your PATH (if golang is installed properly, it should be). Here is the link to the installation: https://golang.org/doc/install An alternative formatter is gofumpt, which enforces a stricter format thangofmt
. To enablegofumpt
support, you should install it by runninggo install mvdan.cc/gofumpt latest
, and then change the default golang formatter by configuringlet g:formatters_go = ['gofumpt']
. -
haxe-formatter
for Haxe.haxe-formatter
is a thin wrapper around the haxelib formatter library. It can be installed by runninghaxelib install formatter
. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/HaxeCheckstyle/haxe-formatter -
html-beautify
for HTML. It is shipped withjs-beautify
, which can be installed by runningnpm install -g js-beautify
. Note thatnodejs
is needed for this to work. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/einars/js-beautify. -
js-beautify
for Javascript and JSON. It can be installed by runningnpm install -g js-beautify
. Note thatnodejs
is needed for this to work. The python version version is also supported by default, which does not neednodejs
to run. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/einars/js-beautify. -
JSCS
for Javascript. https://jscs-dev.github.io/ -
JuliaFormatter.jl
for Julia. It can be installed by runningjulia -e 'import Pkg; Pkg.add("JuliaFormatter")'
. You will need to install Julia and have thejulia
binary in yourPATH
. See https://github.com/domluna/JuliaFormatter.jl for more information on how to configureJuliaFormatter.jl
. Note that sincevim-autoformat
works by running a subprocess, a new instance of Julia is instantiated every time it is invoked. And since Julia needs to precompile the code to runformat_text
, this may block the vim instance while the subprocess is running. Once Julia finishes executing, control will be handled back to the user and the formatted text will replaces the current buffer. You can consider precompilingJuliaFormatter.jl
to make this process faster (SeePackageCompiler.jl
for more information on that), or consider using a dedicatedJuliaFormatter.vim
plugin that works asynchronously. -
latexindent.pl
for LaTeX. Installation instructions at https://github.com/cmhughes/latexindent.pl. On mac you can install it withbrew install latexindent
, then you have to addlet g:formatdef_latexindent = '"latexindent -"'
to.vimrc
. -
luafmt
for Lua. Installluafmt
withnpm
. See https://github.com/trixnz/lua-fmt for more info. -
stylua
for Lua. Installstylua
withcargo
. See https://github.com/JohnnyMorganz/StyLua for more info. -
mix format
for Elixir.mix format
is included with Elixir 1.6+. -
nginxfmt.py
for NGINX. See https://github.com/slomkowski/nginx-config-formatter for more info. -
nixfmt
for Nix. It can be installed from nixpkgs withnix-env -iA nixpkgs.nixfmt
. See https://github.com/serokell/nixfmt for more. -
ocamlformat
for OCaml. OCamlFormat can be installed with opam:opam install ocamlformat
. Details: https://github.com/ocaml-ppx/ocamlformat. We also provideocp-indent
as reserve formatter. -
packer fmt
for Packer. The standard formatter included with Packer. See https://www.packer.io/docs/commands/fmt for more info. -
perltidy
for Perl. It can be installed from CPANcpanm Perl::Tidy
. See https://metacpan.org/pod/Perl::Tidy and http://perltidy.sourceforge.net/ for more info. -
prettier
for PHP. It can be installed by runningnpm install prettier @prettier/plugin-php
and adding"plugins": ["@prettier/plugin-php"]
to your prettier configuration file. https://github.com/prettier/plugin-php -
purty
for Purescript It can be installed usingnpm install purty
. Further instructions available at https://gitlab.com/joneshf/purty -
rbeautify
for Ruby. It is shipped withruby-beautify
, which can be installed by runninggem install ruby-beautify
. Note that compatibleruby-beautify-0.94.0
or higher version. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/erniebrodeur/ruby-beautify. This beautifier developed and tested with ruby2.0+
, so you can have weird results with earlier ruby versions. -
remark
for Markdown. A Javascript based markdown processor that can be installed withnpm install -g remark-cli
. More info is available at https://github.com/wooorm/remark. -
rubocop
for Ruby. It can be installed by runninggem install rubocop
. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/bbatsov/rubocop -
rustfmt
for Rust. It can be installed usingcargo
, the Rust package manager. Up-to-date installation instructions are on the project page: https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt#quick-start. -
sass-convert
for SCSS. It is shipped withsass
, a CSS preprocessor written in Ruby, which can be installed by runninggem install sass
. Here is the link to the SASS homepage: http://sass-lang.com/. -
shfmt
for Shell. A shell formatter written in Go supporting POSIX Shell, Bash and mksh that can be installed withgo get -u mvdan.cc/sh/cmd/shfmt
. See https://github.com/mvdan/sh for more info. -
sqlformat
for SQL. Installsqlparse
withpip
. -
standard
for Javascript. It can be installed by runningnpm install -g standard
(nodejs
is required). No more configuration needed. More information about the style guide can be found here: http://standardjs.com/. -
stylelint
for CSS. https://stylelint.io/ It can be installed by runningnpm install stylelint stylelint-config-standard
for a local project or by runningnpm install -g stylelint stylelint-config-standard
for global use. The linter is then installed locally at$YOUR_PROJECT/node_modules/.bin/stylelint
or globally at~/.npm-global/bin/stylelint
. When running the formatter, vim will walk up from the current file to search for such local installation. When the local version is missing it will fallback to the global version in your home directory. When both requirements are found styelint is executed with the--fix
argument. Currently only working on *nix like OS (Linux, MacOS etc.) as it requires the OS to provide sh like shell syntax. -
stylish-haskell
for Haskell It can be installed usingcabal
build tool. Installation instructions are available at https://github.com/jaspervdj/stylish-haskell#installation -
terraform fmt
for Terraform. The standard formatter included with Terraform. See https://www.terraform.io/docs/cli/commands/fmt.html for more info. -
tidy
for HTML, XHTML and XML. It's probably in your distro's repository, so you can download it as a regular package. For Ubuntu typesudo apt-get install tidy
in a terminal. -
typescript-formatter
for Typescript.typescript-formatter
is a thin wrapper around the TypeScript compiler services. It can be installed by runningnpm install -g typescript-formatter
. Note thatnodejs
is needed for this to work. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/vvakame/typescript-formatter. -
xo
for Javascript. It can be installed by runningnpm install -g xo
(nodejs
is required). Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/sindresorhus/xo. -
yapf
for Python (supports formatting ranges). Vim-autoformat checks whether there exists a.style.yapf
or asetup.cfg
file up in the current directory's ancestry. Based on that it either uses that file or tries to match vim options as much as possible. Most users can install with the terminal commandsudo pip install yapf
orpip install --user yapf
. YAPF has one optional configuration variable to control the formatter style. For example:let g:formatter_yapf_style = 'pep8'
pep8
is the default value, or you can choose:google
,facebook
,chromium
. Here is the link to the repository: https://github.com/google/yapf -
zigformat
for Zig. It is an unofficial binary. You can find the installation instructions from the repo: zigformat
Help, the formatter doesn't work as expected!
If you're struggling with getting a formatter to work, it may help to set vim-autoformat in verbose-mode. Vim-autoformat will then output errors on formatters that failed. The value of g:autoformat_verbosemode could set as 0, 1 or 2. which means: 0: no message output. 1: only error message output. 2: all message output.
let g:autoformat_verbosemode=1
" OR:
let verbose=1
To read all messages in a vim session type :messages
. Since one cannot always easily copy
the contents of messages (e.g. for posting it in an issue), vim-autoformats command :PutMessages
may
help. It puts the messages in the current buffer, allowing you to do whatever you want.
Reporting bugs
Please report bugs by creating an issue in this repository. When there are problems with getting a certain formatter to work, provide the output of verbose mode in the issue.
How can I change the behaviour of formatters, or add one myself?
If you need a formatter that is not among the defaults, or if you are not satisfied with the default formatting behaviour that is provided by vim-autoformat, you can define it yourself. The formatprogram must read the unformatted code from the standard input, and write the formatted code to the standard output.
Basic definitions
The formatprograms that available for a certain <filetype>
are defined in g:formatters_<filetype>
.
This is a list containing string identifiers, which point to corresponding formatter definitions.
The formatter definitions themselves are defined in g:formatdef_<identifier>
as a string
expression.
Defining any of these variable manually in your .vimrc, will override the default value, if existing.
For example, a complete definition in your .vimrc for C# files could look like this:
let g:formatdef_my_custom_cs = '"astyle --mode=cs --style=ansi -pcHs4"'
let g:formatters_cs = ['my_custom_cs']
In this example, my_custom_cs
is the identifier for our formatter definition.
The first line defines how to call the external formatter, while the second line tells
vim-autoformat that this is the only formatter that we want to use for C# files.
Please note the double quotes in g:formatdef_my_custom_cs
.
This allows you to define the arguments dynamically:
let g:formatdef_my_custom_cs = '"astyle --mode=cs --style=ansi -pcHs".&shiftwidth'
let g:formatters_cs = ['my_custom_cs']
Please notice that g:formatdef_my_custom_cs
contains an expression that can be evaluated, as required.
As you see, this allows us to dynamically define some parameters.
In this example, the indent width that astyle will use, depends on the buffer local value of &shiftwidth
, instead of being fixed at 4.
So if you're editing a csharp file and change the shiftwidth
(even at runtime), the g:formatdef_my_custom_cs
will change correspondingly.
For the default formatprogram definitions, the options expandtab
, shiftwidth
and textwidth
are taken into account whenever possible.
This means that the formatting style will match your current vim settings as much as possible.
You can have look look at the exact default definitions for more examples.
They are defined in vim-autoformat/plugin/defaults.vim
.
As a small side note, in the actual defaults the function shiftwidth()
is used instead of the
property. This is because it falls back to the value of tabstop
if shiftwidth
is 0.
If you have a composite filetype with dots (like django.python
or php.wordpress
),
vim-autoformat internally replaces the dots with underscores so you can specify formatters
through g:formatters_django_python
and so on.
To override these options for a local buffer, use the buffer local variants:
b:formatters_<filetype>
and b:formatdef_<identifier>
. This can be useful, for example, when
working with different projects with conflicting formatting rules, with each project having settings
in its own vimrc or exrc file:
let b:formatdef_custom_c='"astyle --mode=c --suffix=none --options=/home/user/special_project/astylerc"'
let b:formatters_c = ['custom_c']
Ranged definitions
If your format program supports formatting specific ranges, you can provide a format
definition which allows to make use of this.
The first and last line of the current range can be retrieved by the variables a:firstline
and
a:lastline
. They default to the first and last line of your file, if no range was explicitly
specified.
So, a ranged definition could look like this.
let g:formatdef_autopep8 = "'autopep8 - --range '.a:firstline.' '.a:lastline"
let g:formatters_python = ['autopep8']
This would allow the user to select a part of the file and execute :Autoformat
, which
would then only format the selected part.
Contributing
This project is community driven. I don't actively do development on vim-autoformat myself, as its current state fulfills my personal needs. However, I will review pull requests and keep an eye on the general sanity of the code.
If you have any improvements on this plugin or on this readme, if you have some formatter definition that can be added to the defaults, or if you experience problems, please open a pull request or an issue in this repository.
Major Change Log
October 2018
- We also take the returncode of the formatter process into account, not just the presence of output on stderr.
March 2016
- We don't use the option formatprg internally anymore, to always have the possible of using the default
gq
command. - More fallback options have been added.
June 2015
- Backward incompatible patch!
- Multiple formatters per filetype are now supported.
- Configuration variable names changed.
- Using
gq
as alias for:Autoformat
is no longer supported. :Autoformat
now supports ranges.- Composite filetypes are fully supported.
December 20 2013
html-beautify
is now the new default for HTML since it seems to be better maintained, and seems to handle inline javascript neatly.- The
formatters/
folder is no longer supported anymore, because it is unnecessary. js-beautify
can no longer be installed as a bundle, since it only makes this plugin unnecessarily complex.
March 27 2013
- The default behaviour of gq is enabled again by removing the fallback on auto-indenting.
Instead, the fallback is only used when running the command
:Autoformat
.
March 16 2013
- The options
expandtab
,shiftwidth
,tabstop
andsofttabstop
are not overwritten anymore. - This obsoletes
g:autoformat_no_default_shiftwidth
g:formatprg_args_expr_<filetype>
is introduced.
March 13 2013
- It is now possible to prevent vim-autoformat from overwriting your settings for
tabstop
,softtabstop
,shiftwidth
andexpandtab
in your .vimrc.
March 10 2013
- When no formatter is installed or defined, vim will now auto-indent the file instead. This uses the indentfile for that specific filetype.
March 9 2013
- Customization of formatprograms can be done easily now, as explained in the readme.
- I set the default tabwidth to 4 for all formatprograms as well as for vim itself.
- phpCB has been removed from the defaults, due to code-breaking behaviour.