Awesome

awesome GLAM semweb

A curated list of various semantic web and linked data resources for heritage, humanities and art history practitioners.

The list is an extension of the semantic web awesome list specifically targeted for GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archive, Museum). The the semantic web awesome list is the reference for general SM solutions, while this list is specifically target to domain resources which do not belong to the general list (e.g ontologies, specific software widely used within the community, documentation targeting DH practitioners and point of contacts/exchanges). For the purpose of providing to the reader a complete and stand-alone resource, few elements of the the semantic web awesome list will be reported also here.

The list is public and contributions are welcome.

Semantic Web Standards & Recommendation
Serialization
Ontologies
Mapping tools
- X3ML
- Karma
- Ontop
- Ontopic Studio
Vocabularies and KOS
Vocabulary / KOS Management
- Vocabulary validation & conversion tools
Exchange and discussions
Knowledge Graph Management
- Linked Data Platform (LDP)
Books
Editors
- TextMate
- Sublime Text
- BBedit
- VIM
- Emacs
- IntelliJ
Data Management
- OpenRefine Reconciliation services
Data Validation
IIIF
Misc
- Prefix
- Ontology
  - Documentation
  - Management
- Alignment
- Conversion
- Visualisation
- Images

Semantic Web Standards & Recommendation

RDF

RDFS

RDF Schema 1.1

OWL

Data Shape

SPARQL

R2RML

R2RML: RDB to RDF Mapping Language

RDFa

Linked Data Fragments (LDF)

Linked Data Fragments

Linked Data Notifications

Linked Data Notifications

Linked Data Platform

Serialization

Format	Description	Mime-type
Turtle	Terse RDF Triple Language.	`text/turtle`, `application/x-turtle`
TriG	Plain text format for serializing named graphs and RDF Datasets.	`application/trig`, `application/x-trig`
JSON-LD	JSON-based Serialization for Linked Data.	`application/ld+json`
RDF/JSON	RDF 1.1 JSON Alternate Serialization.	`application/rdf+json`
N-Triples	Line-based syntax for RDF datasets.	`application/n-triples`
N-Quads	Line-based syntax for RDF datasets.	`application/n-quads`, `text/x-nquads`, `text/nquads`
Notation3	Notation3 (N3): A readable RDF syntax.	`text/n3`, `text/rdf+n3`
RDF/XML	RDF/XML Syntax Specification.	`application/rdf+xml`, `application/xml`
TriX	RDF Triples in XML.	`application/trix`
HDT	Binary RDF Representation for Publication and Exchange.	`application/x-binary-rdf`
aREF	Another RDF Encoding Form.

Ontologies

CIDOC-CRM

Documentation: Official website of the CIDOC-CRM
RDFS Official version of CIDOC-CRM available in RDF. No direct link, you can use the latest version available in the page
OWL OWL version of CIDOC-CRM. No direct link, use the latest version available in the page.
CIDOC-CRM Periodic Table Visualize and search the CRM in a user-friendly interface.

CIDOC-CRM Official extensions

CRMdig: Model for provenance metadata
CRMsci: Scientific observation model
CRMinf: Argumentation model
FRBRoo: Functional Requirement for Bibliographic Records
PRESSoo: Modelling of bibliographical information
CRMpc: Modelling .1 properties in CRM as n-ary relationship. no direct link download the CRM-PC file from the latest CRM version
CRMgeo: Spatiotemporal model
CRMba: Model for archaeological buildings
CRMtex: Model for the study of ancient text
CRMarcheo: Excavation model

CIDOC-CRM Unofficial extensions

VIR: Model for visual and iconographical representations
DOREMUS: Model for describing musical performances and recordings

CIDOC-CRM/FRBRoo Tutorials

Long Video Tutorial by Stephen Staad - Require Flash
Short Video Tutorial by George Bruseker
FRBRoo Tutorial

CIDOC-CRM Modelling examples and documentation

Official Website modelling and Best Practices
Reference Data Models - Ready-Made data patterns for describing Person, Artwork, Documents, Events and more.
Consortium for Open Research Data in the Humanities - Basic shared pattern for interoperable CRM
Linked Art - Art Museum Application Profile for CRM in JSON-LD.
DOPHEDA - Project of the Canadian Heritage Information Network to foster the development of LOD in heritage institutions, including a Data Model based on CIDOC CRM

Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND)

GND Ontology for authority files

Europeana Data Model

ICA Expert Group on Archival Description (EGAD)

Metadata Object Description Schema (MADS)

Vocabulary

BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework Initiative)

BIBO (Bibliographic Ontology Specification)

Vocabulary

Resource Description Access Ontology

RDA Registry

PREMIS

Vocabulary of digital preservation metadata

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

Web Annotation Vocabulary
WGS84 - Basic Geo (WGS84 lat/long) Vocabulary.
skos - SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System.
skos-xl - SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System eXtension for Labels.
vcard - vCard Ontology - for describing People and Organizations.
void - Describing Linked Datasets with the VoID Vocabulary.
time - Time Ontology in OWL.
org - The Organization Ontology.
dqv - Vocabulary for describing quality metadata.
PROV-O - Represent provenance information.

Others

foaf - Friend of a Friend (FOAF) ontology.
obo-relations - Relation Ontology. Relationship types shared across multiple ontologies.
RELATIONSHIP - Vocabulary for describing relationships between people.
BIO - Vocabulary for describing biographical information.
schema.org - Structured data on the Internet (Google, Microsoft, Yahoo and Yandex).
SPAR - Semantic Publishing and Referencing Ontologies.
GeoSPARQL (DOCS|RDF)
Creative Commons Rights Expression
QUDT Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types Ontologies and Vocabularies
Ontology of units of measure Dimensions and measurements ontology

Where to find ontologies

Linked Open Vocabularies

Mapping tools

Mapping tools for transforming your data (CSV, XML) into RDF

X3ML

X3ML is a transformation engine developed by FORTH. It is perfected to work with CIDOC-CRM, however it does work greatly with other ontologies as well. It is available as web application (3M) and a stand alone app (X3ML). In both cases the input file has to be in XML (for transforming a CSV file to XML see Mr Data Converter).

3M
X3ML

In order to transform the data it is necessary to create a X3ML declaration and a URI Mapping. Examples of both, together with the necessary commands are available at this addresses:

Consortium for Open Research Data in the Humanities

Karma

Karma is an information integration tool for aggregating, harmonising and transforming diverse data sources (CSV, XML, JSON, KML, Web APIs). The process is driven by an ontology and results in a transformation of the original data in RDF. A graphical user interface help the user map the data and, moreover, it is build to recognize the mapping of data to ontology classes and then uses the ontology to propose a model that ties together these classes. Karma does not only help the user transform the data but it can be used to normalise them too.

Ontop

Ontop is an application developed by, among others, the University of Bolzano for creating a virtual RDF Graph on top of your current data source. Mappings can be easily created using Protege and results are queryable using SPARQL 1.1. Moreover, it supports reasoning (OWL 2 QL).

Ontopic Studio

($) Ontopic Studio is a mapping design application targeted at authoring large mappings without writing code. It is fully compliant with the R2RML standard.

Vocabularies and KOS

General

Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus
Getty Union List of Artist Names
Thesaurus of Geographic Names
Iconclass keyword search + help LOD
CERL Thesaurus for book heritage
Library Congress Subject Headings
Thesaurus Graphical Materials
Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging + help LOD

France

Italy

China

Chinese Iconography Thesaurus (CIT)

Where to find controlled vocabularies/thesauri

Bartoc

Vocabulary / KOS Management

Skosmos Access SKOS vocabularies with SPARQL or API
VocBench Web-based, multilingual, collaborative platform for managing OWL, SKOS(/XL) and generic RDF datasets.
Ginco Collaborative management and alignment of vocabularies.
Opentheso Multilingual collaborative management of KOS
iqvoc SKOS(-XL) Vocabulary Management System for the Semantic Web.
TemaTres Manage, share, publish, and re-use SKOS vocabularies.

Vocabulary validation & conversion tools

Skosify Validate, convert and improve SKOS vocabularies
qSKOS Find quality issues in SKOS vocabularies.
SKOS Play Render and visualise thesaurus, taxonomies or controlled vocabularies. Furthermore, convert Excel spreadsheets into SKOS files.

Exchange and discussions

Conferences

Conference not specifically on Semantic Web, but with strong ties to the community

Discussion groups

Academic Journals

Knowledge Graph Management

$ - Proprietary
OS - OpenSource
f - Free Version

Researchspace - (OS) platform for managing, interacting and building entry points (template, graph authoring) for RDF Stores. Specifically targeting GLAM researchers and institutions.
Metaphacts - (OS)($) platform for managing, interacting and building entry points (template, graph authoring) for RDF Stores.
WissKI - (OS) Drupal-based platform to interact and build entry point for RDF Stores.
LinkedDataHub - (OS) collaborative data and information management for RDF data.
GraphDB by Ontotext - ($)(f) RDF Database for Knowledge Graphs.

Linked Data Platform (LDP)

fedora - Repository platform with native linked data support.
warp - Warp an LDP file manager.
Marmotta - Apache linked data platform implementation.
Elda - Linked data platform from Epimorphics.
LDP4j
gold - Linked Data server for Go.
CarbonLDP
trellis

Books

Editors

TextMate

sparql/turtle extension

Sublime Text

BBedit

Turtle syntax highlighter

VIM

sparql.vim - SPARQL syntax highlighting.
vim-sparql
semweb.vim

Emacs

sparql-mode

IntelliJ

sparql4idea - SPARQL language plugin for IntelliJ IDEA.

Data Management

Timbuctoo Data management, enrichment and sharing
Openrefine Data cleaning and normalisation

OpenRefine Reconciliation services

VIAF & ORCID — OpenRefine reconciliation services for VIAF, ORCID, and Open Library available in Github. To make it work, it is necessary the launch a jar file for its use. After that the endpoint is available at: http://localhost:8080/reconcile/viaf.
Geonames — The OpenRefine reconciliation services is available in GitHub. To make it work, it is necessary to launch a python script. After that the endpoint is available at: http://0.0.0.0:5000/reconcile.
GND — Reconciliation service offered by lob-id. Endpoint for OpenRefine: https://lobid.org/gnd/reconcile. Possible to "Add columns from reconciled values".
SNAC— Social Networks and Archival Context. Endpoint for OpenRefine: http://openrefine.snaccooperative.org- Nomisma — Nomisma provide stable digital representations of numismatic concepts. Endpoint for OpenRefine: http://nomisma.org/apis/reconcile.
OpenCorporate — Open database of companies. Endpoint for OpenRefine: https://opencorporates.com/reconcile.
Getty Research Institute - OpenRefine reconciliation services for the Getty Vocabularies (ULAN, TGN, AAT).
Nomisma - OpenRefine reconciliation service for Nomisma. Endpoint for OpenRefine: http://nomisma.org/apis/reconcile. Documentation on their website
Perio.do - The OpenRefine reconciliation services is available in GitHub.
Pleiades - OpenRefine reconciliation service for Pleiades. Endpoint for OpenRefine: https://geocollider-sinatra.herokuapp.com/reconcile. More information here.
GODOT - OpenRefine reconciliation service for GODOT. Endpoint for OpenRefine: https://godot.date/api/openrefine/reconcile.

Data Validation

pySHACL - a Python validator for SHACL.
SHaclEX - Scala implementation of SHEX and SHACL. Possible to use a demo version from a web interface.
RDFUnit - RDF testing suite. Include but not limited to SHACL.
dotNetRDF SHACL - SHACL procecssor that can check conformance and validate data graphs against shapes graphs.
YASHE - ShEx editor with examples
Shex validator - Simple Online Validator for ShEx

IIIF

Misc

Prefix

prefix.cc - Source code to the prefix.cc website.

Ontology

Documentation

LODE ontology documentation environment.
Widoco Ontology documentation (include LODE).

Management

OntoME Ontology Management Environment
Grafo Collaborative and graphical ontology design

Alignment

SILK Linked Data Integration Framework.
OnAGUI Ontology alignment GUI.
Alignment API Tool for Expressing, generating and sharing ontology alignments

Conversion

RDFConvert - RDFConvert is a simple command-line tool for converting RDF file betweeen different syntax formats.
RDF2RDF Java tool to converts RDF files from any format to any format.
marc2rdf Takes as input INTERMARC-XML and UNIMARC-XML files and generates as output RDF.
ntcat Command line tool for concatenating NTriples documents.
How to diff RDF
grlc - Web APIs from SPARQL queries.

Visualisation

Ontology Visualisation Python tool for visualising RDF. Convert rdf to .dot and use Graphviz for constructing a visual representation.

Images

ImageSnippets - Platform to links RDF descriptions to images