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PaSCo: Urban 3D Panoptic Scene Completion with Uncertainty Awareness

CVPR 2024 Oral, Best Paper Award Candidate

Anh-Quan Cao<sup>1</sup>    Angela Dai<sup>2</sup>    Raoul de Charette<sup>1</sup>   

<div> <sup>1</sup> Inria <sup>2</sup> Technical University of Munich </div> <br/>

arXiv Project page

</div>

If you find this work or code useful, please cite our paper and give this repo a star:

@InProceedings{cao2024pasco,
      title={PaSCo: Urban 3D Panoptic Scene Completion with Uncertainty Awareness}, 
      author={Anh-Quan Cao and Angela Dai and Raoul de Charette},
      year={2024},
      booktitle = {CVPR}
}

Teaser

Table of Contents

News

1. Installation

  1. Download the source code with git

    git clone https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo.git

  2. Create conda environment:

    conda create -y -n pasco python=3.9
conda activate pasco

  3. Install pytorch 1.13.0

    pip install torch==1.13.0+cu117 torchvision==0.14.0+cu117 torchaudio==0.13.0 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu117

  4. Install Minkowski Engine v0.5.4

  5. Install pytorch_lightning 1.9.0 with torchmetrics 1.4.0.post0

    pip install --no-cache-dir pytorch_lightning==1.9.0

  6. Install the additional dependencies:

    cd PaSCo/
pip install -r requirements.txt

  7. Install pytorch-scatter with torch 1.13.0 and CUDA 11.7:

    pip install torch-scatter -f https://data.pyg.org/whl/torch-1.13.0+cu117.html

  8. Install PaSCo

    pip install -e ./

2. Data

2.1. Semantic KITTI

Please download the following data into a folder e.g. /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI and unzip:

2.2. SSCBench-KITTI360

Please download the following data:

2.3. Robo3D

  1. Please download the SemanticKITTI-C following the official instruction and put in a folder e.g. /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI-C.
  2. The folder /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI-C should have the following structure: 
    /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI-C
├── beam_missing
├── cross_sensor
├── crosstalk
├── fog
├── incomplete_echo
├── motion_blur
├── snow
└── wet_ground

3. Panoptic labels generation

3.1. Semantic KITTI

  1. Create a folder to store preprocess data for Semantic KITTI dataset e.g. /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti .
  2. Execute the command below to generate panoptic labels, or move to the next step to directly download the pre-generated labels: 
    cd PaSCo/
python label_gen/gen_instance_labels.py \
    --kitti_config=pasco/data/semantic_kitti/semantic-kitti.yaml \
    --kitti_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI \
    --kitti_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
    --n_process=10

[!NOTE] This command processes 4649 files on CPU took approximately 10 hours using 10 processes. The number of processes can be adjusted by modifying the n_process parameter.

  1. You can download the generated panoptic labels for Semantic KITTI:
    1. Go to the preprocess folder for KITTI: 
      cd /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti
    2. Download the compressed file: 
      wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.0.1/kitti_instance_label_v2.tar.gz
    3. Extract the file: 
      tar xvf kitti_instance_label_v2.tar.gz
  2. Your folder structure should look as follows: 
    /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti
└── instance_labels_v2
    ├── 00
    ├── 01
    ├── 02
    ├── 03
    ├── 04
    ├── 05
    ├── 06
    ├── 07
    ├── 08
    ├── 09
    └── 10

3.2. SSCBench-KITTI360

  1. Create a folder to store preprocess data for SSCBench-KITTI360 dataset e.g. /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360 .
  2. Execute the command below to generate panoptic labels (took approximately 8.5 hours to process 12464 scans using 10 processes), or move to the next step to directly download the pre-generated labels: 
    cd PaSCo/
python label_gen/gen_instance_labels_kitti360.py \
    --kitti360_label_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SSCBench-KITTI-360 \
    --kitti360_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360 \
    --n_process=10
  3. You can download the generated panoptic labels for SSCBench-KITTI360:
    1. Go to the preprocess folder for KITTI360: 
      cd /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360
    2. Create a folder to store the instance label and cd into it: 
      mkdir instance_labels_v2
cd instance_labels_v2
    3. Run the following commands to download the compressed files into it: 
      wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0000_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0002_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0003_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0004_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0005_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0006_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0007_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0009_sync.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/2013_05_28_drive_0010_sync.tar.gz
    4. Extract all the downloaded files: 
      tar xvf *.tar.gz
  4. Your folder structure with the instance labels should look as follows: 
    /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360
└── instance_labels_v2
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0000_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0002_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0003_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0004_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0005_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0006_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0007_sync
    ├── 2013_05_28_drive_0009_sync
    └── 2013_05_28_drive_0010_sync

4. Training and evaluation

[!IMPORTANT] During training, the reported metric is lower than the final metrics because we limit the number of generated voxels to prevent running out of memory. The training metrics are used solely to assess the progress of the training. The final metrics are determined during evaluation.

[!NOTE] The architecture has been slightly modified from the paper to improve training stability. The paper uses 7 residual blocks after each upsampling layer and none in the corresponding encoder block. The new design uses 3 residual blocks after each upsampling layer and 3 residual blocks in the corresponding encoder block. The original design occasionally caused GPU memory errors due to the large number of generated voxels processed by 7 residual blocks. The new design is more stable and lighter, albeit with slightly lower performance.

4.1. Semantic KITTI

4.1.1 Extract point features

[!NOTE] This step is only necessary when training on SemanticKITTI because of the availability of the WaffleIron pretrained model.

[!TIP] A better approach could be to explore the features of pretrained models available at https://github.com/valeoai/ScaLR.

  1. Install WaffleIron in a separate conda environment: 
    conda create -y -n waffleiron 
conda activate waffleiron
pip install pyYAML==6.0 tqdm==4.63.0 scipy==1.8.0 torch==1.11.0 tensorboard==2.8.0
cd PaSCo/WaffleIron_mod
pip install -e ./

[!CAUTION] I used the older version of WaffleIron which requires pytorch 1.11.0.

  1. Run the following command to extract point features from the pretrained WaffleIron model (require 10883Mb GPU memory) pretrained on SemanticKITTI. The extracted features will be stored in the result_folder: 
    cd PaSCo/WaffleIron_mod
python extract_point_features.py \
--path_dataset /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI \
--ckpt pretrained_models/WaffleIron-48-256__kitti/ckpt_last.pth \
--config configs/WaffleIron-48-256__kitti.yaml \
--result_folder /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti/waffleiron_v2 \
--phase val \
--num_workers 3 \
--num_votes 10 \
--batch_size 2

4.1.2 Training

[!NOTE] The generated instance label is supposed to be stored in os.path.join(dataset_preprocess_root, "instance_labels_v2")

  1. Change the dataset_preprocess_root and dataset_root of the training command below to the preprocess and raw data folder respectively.

  2. The log_dir is the folder to store the training logs and checkpoints.

  3. Train PaSCo with MIMO (i.e. 1 subnet) using the following command with a batchsize of 2 on 2 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU):

    cd PaSCo/
python scripts/train.py --bs=2 --n_gpus=2 \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI \
      --log_dir=logs \
      --exp_prefix=pasco_single --lr=1e-4 --seed=0 \
      --data_aug=True --max_angle=30.0 --translate_distance=0.2 \
      --enable_log=True \
      --n_infers=1

  4. Train PaSCo (3 subnets) by setting --n_infers=3 (number of subnets = 3) with batchsize of 2 on 2 A100-80G GPUs (1 items per GPU):

    cd PaSCo/
python scripts/train.py --bs=2 --n_gpus=2 \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI \
      --log_dir=logs \
      --exp_prefix=pasco_single --lr=1e-4 --seed=0 \
      --data_aug=True --max_angle=30.0 --translate_distance=0.2 \
      --enable_log=True \
      --n_infers=3

4.1.3 Evaluation

  1. Download the pretrained checkpoint of PaSCO or PaSCO without MIMO and put it into ckpt folder or use your trained checkpoint.

    cd ckpt
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/pasco.ckpt
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/pasco_single.ckpt

  2. Evaluate PaSCo without MIMO on 1 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU). ckpt/pasco_single.ckpt is the path to the downloaded checkpoint:

    python scripts/eval.py --n_infers=1 --model_path=ckpt/pasco_single.ckpt \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI

  3. Evaluate PaSCo on 1 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU). ckpt/pasco.ckpt is the path to the downloaded checkpoint:

    python scripts/eval.py --n_infers=3 --model_path=ckpt/pasco.ckpt \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI

  4. Output looks like following:

    • PaSCo without MIMO:
    =====================================
method, P, R, IoU, mIoU, All PQ dagger, All PQ, All SQ, All RQ, Thing PQ, Thing SQ, Thing RQ, Stuff PQ, Stuff SQ, Stuff RQ
subnet 0, 86.41, 57.98, 53.13, 29.15, 26.33, 15.71, 53.82, 24.27, 12.27, 47.18, 18.86, 18.21, 58.65, 28.20
ensemble, 86.41, 57.98, 53.13, 29.15, 26.33, 15.71, 53.82, 24.27, 12.27, 47.18, 18.86, 18.21, 58.65, 28.20
=====================================
==> pq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, bicyclist, motorcyclist, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, trunk, terrain, pole, traffic-sign
subnet 0, 27.53, 6.21, 16.86, 34.27, 9.77, 3.53, 0.00, 0.00, 74.51, 26.63, 39.70, 0.54, 4.10, 4.64, 6.87, 3.80, 29.58, 7.68, 2.28
ensemble, 27.53, 6.21, 16.86, 34.27, 9.77, 3.53, 0.00, 0.00, 74.51, 26.63, 39.70, 0.54, 4.10, 4.64, 6.87, 3.80, 29.58, 7.68, 2.28
==> sq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, bicyclist, motorcyclist, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, trunk, terrain, pole, traffic-sign
subnet 0, 69.83, 57.87, 64.56, 65.42, 59.95, 59.80, 0.00, 0.00, 75.74, 63.11, 58.65, 52.57, 56.08, 55.89, 52.51, 58.07, 62.12, 55.01, 55.42
ensemble, 69.83, 57.87, 64.56, 65.42, 59.95, 59.80, 0.00, 0.00, 75.74, 63.11, 58.65, 52.57, 56.08, 55.89, 52.51, 58.07, 62.12, 55.01, 55.42
==> rq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, bicyclist, motorcyclist, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, trunk, terrain, pole, traffic-sign
subnet 0, 39.43, 10.73, 26.11, 52.38, 16.29, 5.91, 0.00, 0.00, 98.38, 42.19, 67.69, 1.04, 7.31, 8.31, 13.07, 6.54, 47.61, 13.96, 4.11
ensemble, 39.43, 10.73, 26.11, 52.38, 16.29, 5.91, 0.00, 0.00, 98.38, 42.19, 67.69, 1.04, 7.31, 8.31, 13.07, 6.54, 47.61, 13.96, 4.11
[2.621915578842163, 0.8142204284667969, 0.8685343265533447, 0.7775185108184814, 0.9801337718963623, 0.6943247318267822]
inference time:  0.7034459143364459
[0.004038333892822266, 0.003854036331176758, 0.005398988723754883, 0.003660440444946289, 0.004451274871826172, 0.003663778305053711]
ensemble time:  0.004062994399293342
Uncertainty threshold:  0.5
=====================================
method, ins ece, ins nll, ssc nonempty ece, ssc empty ece, ssc nonempty nll, ssc empty nll,  count, inference time
subnet 0,  0.6235, 4.6463, 0.0911, 0.0357, 0.7075, 0.9657, 11702, 0.00
ensemble,  0.6235, 4.6463, 0.0911, 0.0357, 0.7075, 0.9657, 11702, 0.00
allocated 8895.119325153375
    • PaSCo:
    =====================================
method, P, R, IoU, mIoU, All PQ dagger, All PQ, All SQ, All RQ, Thing PQ, Thing SQ, Thing RQ, Stuff PQ, Stuff SQ, Stuff RQ
subnet 0, 77.41, 65.46, 54.96, 27.55, 25.17, 14.67, 56.88, 23.18, 10.80, 52.60, 17.42, 17.49, 59.99, 27.38
subnet 1, 79.38, 63.54, 54.54, 27.36, 25.56, 14.51, 53.75, 22.78, 10.80, 46.09, 17.11, 17.20, 59.33, 26.90
subnet 2, 75.10, 67.29, 55.01, 27.79, 25.54, 14.98, 53.23, 23.51, 11.74, 53.30, 18.49, 17.33, 53.18, 27.17
ensemble, 83.59, 62.10, 55.35, 29.54, 30.61, 16.38, 55.41, 25.24, 13.49, 47.20, 20.93, 18.49, 61.38, 28.37
=====================================
==> pq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, bicyclist, motorcyclist, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, trunk, terrain, pole, traffic-sign
subnet 0, 25.31, 7.34, 14.46, 28.97, 7.78, 2.27, 0.24, 0.00, 73.71, 21.03, 35.21, 0.78, 6.46, 4.35, 10.70, 2.65, 29.88, 6.09, 1.55
subnet 1, 23.68, 4.74, 9.70, 37.66, 7.98, 2.62, 0.00, 0.00, 73.47, 18.59, 35.12, 0.68, 6.72, 3.65, 10.17, 3.25, 29.53, 5.67, 2.38
subnet 2, 24.04, 7.17, 16.35, 36.08, 8.14, 1.92, 0.24, 0.00, 73.99, 22.03, 34.39, 0.00, 6.30, 2.59, 10.16, 3.24, 29.58, 5.95, 2.39
ensemble, 27.44, 8.70, 16.79, 42.71, 9.55, 2.70, 0.00, 0.00, 75.65, 25.51, 36.83, 0.90, 6.27, 0.32, 11.13, 4.31, 31.61, 8.15, 2.70
==> sq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, bicyclist, motorcyclist, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, trunk, terrain, pole, traffic-sign
subnet 0, 66.64, 58.42, 62.35, 60.01, 59.58, 59.09, 54.75, 0.00, 75.02, 62.31, 57.57, 69.60, 55.13, 55.76, 52.73, 59.12, 61.43, 54.35, 56.92
subnet 1, 66.31, 58.21, 63.06, 63.01, 59.65, 58.46, 0.00, 0.00, 74.97, 62.37, 57.99, 66.12, 55.11, 55.67, 52.16, 57.16, 61.72, 54.83, 54.52
subnet 2, 66.35, 58.97, 65.16, 63.13, 60.61, 56.54, 55.67, 0.00, 75.26, 61.39, 57.35, 0.00, 54.78, 55.43, 52.69, 57.71, 61.29, 54.21, 54.87
ensemble, 69.20, 59.77, 65.81, 63.30, 61.22, 58.33, 0.00, 0.00, 76.99, 63.37, 59.20, 72.50, 56.39, 62.66, 52.83, 57.40, 62.94, 54.98, 55.88
==> rq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, bicyclist, motorcyclist, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, trunk, terrain, pole, traffic-sign
subnet 0, 37.97, 12.56, 23.19, 48.28, 13.06, 3.85, 0.44, 0.00, 98.25, 33.74, 61.16, 1.12, 11.72, 7.81, 20.29, 4.48, 48.63, 11.21, 2.73
subnet 1, 35.71, 8.14, 15.38, 59.77, 13.38, 4.49, 0.00, 0.00, 98.00, 29.81, 60.56, 1.03, 12.20, 6.55, 19.49, 5.69, 47.85, 10.33, 4.36
subnet 2, 36.23, 12.16, 25.10, 57.14, 13.43, 3.40, 0.44, 0.00, 98.32, 35.88, 59.97, 0.00, 11.49, 4.67, 19.29, 5.61, 48.26, 10.97, 4.35
ensemble, 39.65, 14.55, 25.51, 67.47, 15.60, 4.63, 0.00, 0.00, 98.25, 40.25, 62.21, 1.23, 11.11, 0.52, 21.08, 7.52, 50.23, 14.83, 4.83
[2.5787551403045654, 1.415881872177124, 1.4355676174163818, 1.3622872829437256, 1.3630497455596924, 1.491441011428833]
inference time:  1.1929051064741991
[0.03452730178833008, 0.03274846076965332, 0.03339242935180664, 0.03439188003540039, 0.03410673141479492, 0.03477001190185547]
ensemble time:  0.03270599180123144
Uncertainty threshold:  0.5
=====================================
method, ins ece, ins nll, ssc nonempty ece, ssc empty ece, ssc nonempty nll, ssc empty nll,  count, inference time
subnet 0,  0.6447, 5.5524, 0.1090, 0.0315, 0.8212, 0.6874, 12014, 0.00
subnet 1,  0.6582, 5.5356, 0.0870, 0.0323, 0.7848, 0.7034, 12034, 0.00
subnet 2,  0.6499, 5.5946, 0.1191, 0.0312, 0.8515, 0.6640, 11867, 0.00
ensemble,  0.5239, 4.5508, 0.0570, 0.0216, 0.6968, 0.4914, 8982, 0.00
allocated 24330.26740797546

[!IMPORTANT] Note that voxel ece = (ssc empty ece + ssc nonempty ece)/2 and voxel nll = (ssc empty nll + ssc nonempty nll)/2.

The inference time reported in the paper was measured on an A100 GPU, making it faster than on a V100. For SemanticKITTI, the time also includes the WaffleIron feature extraction duration.

4.2. SSCBench-KITTI360

4.2.1 Training

[!NOTE] The generated instance label is supposed to be stored in os.path.join(dataset_preprocess_root, "instance_labels_v2") .

  1. Change the kitti360_root, kitti360_label_root and kitti360_preprocess_root of the training command below to your data folders respectively.

  2. The log_dir is the folder to store the training logs and checkpoints.

  3. Train PaSCo with MIMO (i.e. 1 subnet) using the following command with a batchsize of 2 on 2 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU):

    cd PaSCo/
python scripts/train_kitti360.py --bs=2 --n_gpus=2 \
      --exp_prefix=pasco_single_kitti360 --lr=1e-4 \
      --kitti360_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/KITTI-360 \
      --kitti360_label_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SSCBench-KITTI-360 \
      --kitti360_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360 \
      --log_dir=logs \
      --transformer_dropout=0.2 --n_dropout_levels=3 \
      --data_aug=True --max_angle=10.0 --translate_distance=0.2 --scale_range=0.0 \
      --enable_log=True \
      --alpha=0.0 --n_infers=1

  4. Train PaSCo (2 subnets) by setting --n_infers=2 (number of subnets = 2) with batchsize of 2 on 2 A100-80G GPUs (1 items per GPU):

    cd PaSCo/
python scripts/train_kitti360.py --bs=2 --n_gpus=2 \
      --exp_prefix=pasco_kitti360 --lr=1e-4 \
      --kitti360_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/KITTI-360 \
      --kitti360_label_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SSCBench-KITTI-360 \
      --kitti360_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360 \
      --log_dir=logs \
      --transformer_dropout=0.2 --n_dropout_levels=3 \
      --data_aug=True --max_angle=10.0 --translate_distance=0.2 --scale_range=0.0 \
      --enable_log=True \
      --alpha=0.0 --n_infers=2

4.2.2 Evaluation

  1. Download the pretrained checkpoint of PaSCO or PaSCO without MIMO and put it into ckpt folder or use your trained checkpoint.

    cd ckpt
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/pasco_single_kitti360.ckpt
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/pasco_kitti360.ckpt

  2. Evaluate PaSCo without MIMO on 1 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU). ckpt/pasco_single_kitti360.ckpt is the path to the downloaded checkpoint:

    python scripts/eval_kitti360.py --n_infers=1 --model_path=ckpt/pasco_single_kitti360.ckpt \
      --kitti360_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360 \
      --kitti360_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/KITTI-360 \
      --kitti360_label_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SSCBench-KITTI-360

  3. Evaluate PaSCo on 1 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU). ckpt/pasco_kitti360.ckpt is the path to the downloaded checkpoint:

    python scripts/eval_kitti360.py --n_infers=2 --model_path=ckpt/pasco_kitti360.ckpt \
      --kitti360_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti360 \
      --kitti360_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/KITTI-360 \
      --kitti360_label_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SSCBench-KITTI-360

  4. Output looks like following:

    • PaSCo without MIMO:
    method, P, R, IoU, mIoU, All PQ dagger, All PQ, All SQ, All RQ, Thing PQ, Thing SQ, Thing RQ, Stuff PQ, Stuff SQ, Stuff RQ
subnet 0, 65.07, 58.86, 44.73, 21.18, 19.50, 10.09, 56.86, 15.67, 3.71, 49.16, 6.39, 13.29, 60.71, 20.31
ensemble, 65.07, 58.86, 44.73, 21.18, 19.50, 10.09, 56.86, 15.67, 3.71, 49.16, 6.39, 13.29, 60.71, 20.31
=====================================
==> pq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, terrain, pole, traffic-sign, other-structure, other-object
subnet 0, 13.74, 0.00, 1.51, 5.07, 1.00, 0.91, 72.51, 6.78, 37.23, 0.53, 15.95, 0.70, 5.94, 7.28, 1.46, 9.89, 0.22, 0.97
ensemble, 13.74, 0.00, 1.51, 5.07, 1.00, 0.91, 72.51, 6.78, 37.23, 0.53, 15.95, 0.70, 5.94, 7.28, 1.46, 9.89, 0.22, 0.97
==> sq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, terrain, pole, traffic-sign, other-structure, other-object
subnet 0, 58.36, 0.00, 55.35, 56.86, 55.39, 69.01, 76.30, 60.57, 58.73, 62.33, 55.46, 57.64, 53.99, 56.83, 56.50, 65.51, 55.38, 69.22
ensemble, 58.36, 0.00, 55.35, 56.86, 55.39, 69.01, 76.30, 60.57, 58.73, 62.33, 55.46, 57.64, 53.99, 56.83, 56.50, 65.51, 55.38, 69.22
==> rq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, terrain, pole, traffic-sign, other-structure, other-object
subnet 0, 23.55, 0.00, 2.73, 8.91, 1.80, 1.32, 95.03, 11.19, 63.39, 0.85, 28.75, 1.21, 11.00, 12.81, 2.59, 15.10, 0.41, 1.39
ensemble, 23.55, 0.00, 2.73, 8.91, 1.80, 1.32, 95.03, 11.19, 63.39, 0.85, 28.75, 1.21, 11.00, 12.81, 2.59, 15.10, 0.41, 1.39
[1.7900667190551758, 0.6379802227020264, 0.8541789054870605, 0.5246858596801758, 0.539797306060791, 0.570587158203125]
inference time:  0.564805249520018
[0.004273653030395508, 0.0037992000579833984, 0.0037772655487060547, 0.0036439895629882812, 0.0037114620208740234, 0.0037202835083007812]
ensemble time:  0.003746812533098316
Uncertainty threshold:  0.5
=====================================
method, ins ece, ins nll, ssc nonempty ece, ssc empty ece, ssc nonempty nll, ssc empty nll,  count, inference time
subnet 0,  0.7872, 5.3554, 0.2259, 0.1306, 1.1598, 3.5766, 36668, 0.00
ensemble,  0.7872, 5.3554, 0.2259, 0.1306, 1.1598, 3.5766, 36668, 0.00
allocated 9058.6876443418
    • PaSCo:
    method, P, R, IoU, mIoU, All PQ dagger, All PQ, All SQ, All RQ, Thing PQ, Thing SQ, Thing RQ, Stuff PQ, Stuff SQ, Stuff RQ
subnet 0, 59.27, 68.86, 46.74, 20.39, 20.78, 10.96, 55.53, 17.42, 4.47, 46.48, 7.89, 14.20, 60.05, 22.19
subnet 1, 57.90, 69.95, 46.37, 20.14, 20.35, 10.57, 58.42, 16.77, 4.02, 56.09, 7.03, 13.84, 59.58, 21.65
ensemble, 62.66, 65.70, 47.22, 22.07, 28.43, 11.04, 52.86, 17.34, 5.09, 47.10, 8.93, 14.02, 55.74, 21.55
=====================================
==> pq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, terrain, pole, traffic-sign, other-structure, other-object
subnet 0, 14.98, 0.00, 1.20, 7.34, 1.53, 1.79, 70.77, 4.22, 34.66, 0.25, 24.68, 0.62, 10.31, 6.42, 3.31, 12.67, 0.32, 2.19
subnet 1, 14.12, 0.18, 0.92, 5.76, 1.57, 1.55, 70.25, 4.13, 33.80, 0.29, 24.80, 0.73, 9.59, 6.28, 2.50, 12.09, 0.13, 1.55
ensemble, 16.57, 0.00, 1.59, 8.89, 1.92, 1.58, 71.71, 4.08, 36.25, 0.00, 23.52, 0.61, 8.91, 4.66, 3.27, 13.23, 0.11, 1.82
==> sq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, terrain, pole, traffic-sign, other-structure, other-object
subnet 0, 58.22, 0.00, 52.01, 54.43, 54.62, 59.60, 74.87, 58.31, 57.89, 62.00, 55.82, 57.20, 54.99, 56.37, 56.55, 66.91, 54.67, 65.05
subnet 1, 57.65, 52.41, 52.77, 56.32, 54.96, 62.41, 74.45, 58.30, 57.92, 58.69, 55.82, 60.48, 54.95, 56.47, 55.98, 67.00, 53.16, 61.78
ensemble, 58.39, 0.00, 54.00, 55.12, 54.42, 60.70, 75.73, 57.44, 59.22, 0.00, 55.90, 63.81, 55.49, 58.33, 55.86, 67.74, 55.85, 63.47
==> rq
method, car, bicycle, motorcycle, truck, other-vehicle, person, road, parking, sidewalk, other-ground, building, fence, vegetation, terrain, pole, traffic-sign, other-structure, other-object
subnet 0, 25.72, 0.00, 2.31, 13.49, 2.81, 3.01, 94.52, 7.24, 59.87, 0.41, 44.21, 1.09, 18.74, 11.39, 5.86, 18.94, 0.59, 3.37
subnet 1, 24.49, 0.35, 1.74, 10.23, 2.85, 2.49, 94.36, 7.08, 58.36, 0.49, 44.43, 1.20, 17.45, 11.12, 4.46, 18.04, 0.25, 2.51
ensemble, 28.38, 0.00, 2.95, 16.13, 3.53, 2.61, 94.70, 7.11, 61.22, 0.00, 42.09, 0.96, 16.06, 7.99, 5.85, 19.53, 0.19, 2.87
[2.1090309619903564, 1.5366406440734863, 1.534111738204956, 1.6147339344024658, 1.208867073059082, 1.52060866355896]
inference time:  1.3322471255736077
[0.02621603012084961, 0.02443861961364746, 0.027606964111328125, 0.02429676055908203, 0.024660348892211914, 0.0240786075592041]
ensemble time:  0.024390966416286672
Uncertainty threshold:  0.5
=====================================
method, ins ece, ins nll, ssc nonempty ece, ssc empty ece, ssc nonempty nll, ssc empty nll,  count, inference time
subnet 0,  0.7668, 4.9833, 0.1879, 0.1252, 1.1738, 2.6776, 35104, 0.00
subnet 1,  0.7735, 5.1097, 0.1990, 0.1225, 1.1935, 2.6386, 35466, 0.00
ensemble,  0.5899, 3.8083, 0.1616, 0.1068, 1.1075, 2.1397, 18990, 0.00
allocated 17902.39387990762

4.3. Robo3D - SemanticKITTI-C

4.3.1 Extract point features

  1. Install WaffleIron in a separate conda environment: 
    conda create -y -n waffleiron 
conda activate waffleiron
pip install pyYAML==6.0 tqdm==4.63.0 scipy==1.8.0 torch==1.11.0 tensorboard==2.8.0
cd PaSCo/WaffleIron_mod
pip install -e ./

[!CAUTION] I used the older version of WaffleIron which requires pytorch 1.11.0.

  1. Run the following command to extract point features from the pretrained WaffleIron model (require 10883Mb GPU memory) pretrained on SemanticKITTI. The extracted features will be stored in the result_folder:

[!IMPORTANT] /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI-C is the path to the SemanticKITTI-C dataset and /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti is the path to store the extracted features.

  ```
  cd PaSCo/WaffleIron_mod
  python extract_point_features_robo3d.py \
  --path_dataset /gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI-C \
  --ckpt pretrained_models/WaffleIron-48-256__kitti/ckpt_last.pth \
  --config configs/WaffleIron-48-256__kitti.yaml \
  --result_folder /lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti/waffleiron_v2 \
  --phase val \
  --num_workers 3 \
  --num_votes 10 \
  --batch_size 2
  ```

4.3.2 Evaluation

  1. Download the pretrained checkpoint of PaSCO or PaSCO without MIMO and put it into ckpt folder or use your trained checkpoint.

    cd ckpt
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/pasco.ckpt
wget https://github.com/astra-vision/PaSCo/releases/download/v0.1.0/pasco_single.ckpt

  2. Evaluate PaSCo without MIMO on 1 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU) on condition=beam_missing and level=heavy. ckpt/pasco_single.ckpt is the path to the downloaded checkpoint:

    python scripts/eval_robo3d.py --n_infers=1 --model_path=ckpt/pasco_single.ckpt \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI \
      --condition=beam_missing --level=heavy

  3. Evaluate PaSCo on 1 V100-32G GPUs (1 item per GPU) on condition=beam_missing and level=heavy. ckpt/pasco.ckpt is the path to the downloaded checkpoint:

    python scripts/eval_robo3d.py --n_infers=3 --model_path=ckpt/pasco.ckpt \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI \
      --condition=beam_missing --level=heavy

[!NOTE] The Robo3D dataset contains 8 conditions and 3 levels. The conditions are beam_missing, fog, cross_sensor, crosstalk, incomplete_echo, motion_blur, snow, and wet_ground. The levels are categorized as light, moderate, and heavy. You can modify the condition and level parameters to evaluate the model under different settings.

5. Visualization

  1. Install Mayavi following the official instructions.
  2. Run the following command to generate the prediction using the downloaded checkpoint ckpt/pasco_single.ckpt: 
    cd PaSCo/
python scripts/save_outputs_panoptic.py --model_path=ckpt/pasco_single.ckpt \
      --dataset_preprocess_root=/lustre/fsn1/projects/rech/kvd/uyl37fq/pasco_preprocess/kitti \
      --dataset_root=/gpfsdswork/dataset/SemanticKITTI
  3. Draw the generated output: 
    cd PaSCo/
python scripts/visualize.py

Acknowledgment

We thank the authors of the following repositories for making their code and models publicly available:

The research was supported by the French project SIGHT (ANR-20-CE23-0016), the ERC Starting Grant SpatialSem (101076253), and the SAMBA collaborative project co-funded by BpiFrance in the Investissement d’Avenir Program. Computation was performed using HPC resources from GENCI–IDRIS (2023-AD011014102, AD011012808R2). We thank all Astra-Vision members for their valuable feedbacks, including Andrei Bursuc and Gilles Puy for excellent suggestions and Tetiana Martyniuk for her kind proofreading.