Awesome
goTemplateBenchmark
comparing the performance of different template engines
full featured template engines
precompilation to Go code
baseline benchmarks for comparison
- DirectBuffer - Use go to write the HTML by hand to the buffer with basic escaping
transpiling to Go Template
- Damsel I won't benchmark transpiling engines, because transpilation should just happen once at startup. If you cache the transpilation result, which is recommended, you would have the same performance numbers as html/template for rendering.
Why?
Just for fun. Go Templates work nice out of the box and should be used for rendering from a security point of view. If you care about performance you should cache the rendered output.
Sometimes there are templates that cannot be reasonably cached. Then you might need a really fast template engine with code generation.
How to run the benchmarks
minimal configuration, but does not make sense, as it would compare the same 2 go versions.
./bench.sh -c go
testing your setup - reduce test runtime and assuming you have those two go binaries on your system.
./bench.sh -t 10ms -c go1.18 -g go1.19
example for a normal benchmark run on my system with the default 3s runtime per template engine
./bench.sh -c go1.18.6 -g go1.19.1
Results dev machine
local desktop: ryzen 3900x
simple benchmarks
full featured template engines
| Name | Runs | µs/op | B/op | allocations/op |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ace | 267,153 | 12.628 | 1,121 | 40 |
| Amber | 393,578 | 8.569 | 849 | 36 |
| Golang | 628,294 | 7.883 | 769 | 35 |
| GolangText | 1,532,516 | 2.366 | 128 | 7 |
| Handlebars | 266,960 | 13.046 | 3,424 | 75 |
| JetHTML | 4,546,153 | 0.773 | 0 | 0 |
| Mustache | 776,263 | 4.380 | 1,723 | 30 |
| Pongo2 | 566,592 | 5.787 | 2,075 | 32 |
| Soy | 955,003 | 3.509 | 1,224 | 19 |
comparing: go1.22.7 to go1.23.1
name old time/op new time/op delta
Golang-24 8.56µs ± 0% 7.88µs ± 0% -7.91%
GolangText-24 2.44µs ± 0% 2.37µs ± 0% -3.11%
Ace-24 13.1µs ± 0% 12.6µs ± 0% -3.65%
Amber-24 8.90µs ± 0% 8.57µs ± 0% -3.70%
Mustache-24 4.27µs ± 0% 4.38µs ± 0% +2.50%
Pongo2-24 5.72µs ± 0% 5.79µs ± 0% +1.24%
Handlebars-24 13.1µs ± 0% 13.0µs ± 0% -0.21%
Soy-24 3.47µs ± 0% 3.51µs ± 0% +1.18%
JetHTML-24 769ns ± 0% 773ns ± 0% +0.52%
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
Golang-24 769B ± 0% 769B ± 0% 0.00%
GolangText-24 128B ± 0% 128B ± 0% 0.00%
Ace-24 1.12kB ± 0% 1.12kB ± 0% 0.00%
Amber-24 849B ± 0% 849B ± 0% 0.00%
Mustache-24 1.72kB ± 0% 1.72kB ± 0% 0.00%
Pongo2-24 2.08kB ± 0% 2.08kB ± 0% 0.00%
Handlebars-24 3.42kB ± 0% 3.42kB ± 0% 0.00%
Soy-24 1.22kB ± 0% 1.22kB ± 0% 0.00%
JetHTML-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
Golang-24 35.0 ± 0% 35.0 ± 0% 0.00%
GolangText-24 7.00 ± 0% 7.00 ± 0% 0.00%
Ace-24 40.0 ± 0% 40.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Amber-24 36.0 ± 0% 36.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Mustache-24 30.0 ± 0% 30.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Pongo2-24 32.0 ± 0% 32.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Handlebars-24 75.0 ± 0% 75.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Soy-24 19.0 ± 0% 19.0 ± 0% 0.00%
JetHTML-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
precompilation to Go code
| Name | Runs | µs/op | B/op | allocations/op |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ego | 3,811,827 | 1.012 | 85 | 8 |
| Ftmpl | 2,185,862 | 1.607 | 774 | 12 |
| Gomponents | 654,105 | 4.875 | 1,112 | 56 |
| Gorazor | 4,444,626 | 0.820 | 512 | 5 |
| HB | 498,691 | 7.534 | 2,448 | 51 |
| Hero | 30,477,858 | 0.120 | 0 | 0 |
| Jade | 41,132,322 | 0.085 | 0 | 0 |
| Quicktemplate | 18,337,161 | 0.180 | 0 | 0 |
| Templ | 6,214,070 | 0.557 | 96 | 2 |
comparing: go1.22.7 to go1.23.1
name old time/op new time/op delta
Ego-24 1.00µs ± 0% 1.01µs ± 0% +1.60%
HB-24 7.48µs ± 0% 7.53µs ± 0% +0.72%
Quicktemplate-24 176ns ± 0% 180ns ± 0% +2.45%
Ftmpl-24 1.66µs ± 0% 1.61µs ± 0% -3.31%
Gorazor-24 829ns ± 0% 820ns ± 0% -1.13%
Hero-24 118ns ± 0% 120ns ± 0% +1.52%
Jade-24 87.0ns ± 0% 85.2ns ± 0% -1.98%
Templ-24 543ns ± 0% 557ns ± 0% +2.73%
Gomponents-24 4.87µs ± 0% 4.88µs ± 0% +0.02%
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
Ego-24 85.0B ± 0% 85.0B ± 0% 0.00%
HB-24 2.45kB ± 0% 2.45kB ± 0% 0.00%
Quicktemplate-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
Ftmpl-24 774B ± 0% 774B ± 0% 0.00%
Gorazor-24 512B ± 0% 512B ± 0% 0.00%
Hero-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
Jade-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
Templ-24 96.0B ± 0% 96.0B ± 0% 0.00%
Gomponents-24 1.11kB ± 0% 1.11kB ± 0% 0.00%
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
Ego-24 8.00 ± 0% 8.00 ± 0% 0.00%
HB-24 51.0 ± 0% 51.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Quicktemplate-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Ftmpl-24 12.0 ± 0% 12.0 ± 0% 0.00%
Gorazor-24 5.00 ± 0% 5.00 ± 0% 0.00%
Hero-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Jade-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Templ-24 2.00 ± 0% 2.00 ± 0% 0.00%
Gomponents-24 56.0 ± 0% 56.0 ± 0% 0.00%
more complex test with template inheritance (if possible)
full featured template engines
| Name | Runs | µs/op | B/op | allocations/op |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ComplexGolang | 58,860 | 68.765 | 6,565 | 290 |
| ComplexGolangText | 112,902 | 30.105 | 2,236 | 107 |
| ComplexJetHTML | 374,076 | 12.292 | 535 | 5 |
| ComplexMustache | 149,064 | 26.179 | 7,276 | 156 |
comparing: go1.22.7 to go1.23.1
name old time/op new time/op delta
ComplexGolang-24 69.4µs ± 0% 68.8µs ± 0% -0.95%
ComplexGolangText-24 29.0µs ± 0% 30.1µs ± 0% +3.86%
ComplexMustache-24 25.7µs ± 0% 26.2µs ± 0% +1.99%
ComplexJetHTML-24 12.2µs ± 0% 12.3µs ± 0% +0.52%
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
ComplexGolang-24 6.57kB ± 0% 6.57kB ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexGolangText-24 2.24kB ± 0% 2.24kB ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexMustache-24 7.28kB ± 0% 7.28kB ± 0% +0.01%
ComplexJetHTML-24 534B ± 0% 535B ± 0% +0.19%
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
ComplexGolang-24 290 ± 0% 290 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexGolangText-24 107 ± 0% 107 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexMustache-24 156 ± 0% 156 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexJetHTML-24 5.00 ± 0% 5.00 ± 0% 0.00%
precompilation to Go code
| Name | Runs | µs/op | B/op | allocations/op |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ComplexEgo | 1,000,000 | 5.034 | 569 | 31 |
| ComplexFtmpl | 469,363 | 7.254 | 3,536 | 38 |
| ComplexGoDirectBuffer | 6,702,937 | 0.520 | 0 | 0 |
| ComplexGorazor | 606,170 | 5.572 | 3,688 | 24 |
| ComplexHero | 3,914,155 | 0.926 | 0 | 0 |
| ComplexJade | 4,583,869 | 0.742 | 0 | 0 |
| ComplexQuicktemplate | 3,441,301 | 1.065 | 0 | 0 |
| ComplexTempl | 1,325,791 | 2.781 | 408 | 11 |
comparing: go1.22.7 to go1.23.1
name old time/op new time/op delta
ComplexEgo-24 4.98µs ± 0% 5.03µs ± 0% +1.12%
ComplexQuicktemplate-24 1.04µs ± 0% 1.06µs ± 0% +2.60%
ComplexTempl-24 2.80µs ± 0% 2.78µs ± 0% -0.54%
ComplexFtmpl-24 7.19µs ± 0% 7.25µs ± 0% +0.86%
ComplexGorazor-24 5.47µs ± 0% 5.57µs ± 0% +1.86%
ComplexHero-24 937ns ± 0% 926ns ± 0% -1.11%
ComplexJade-24 738ns ± 0% 742ns ± 0% +0.57%
ComplexGoDirectBuffer-24 520ns ± 0% 520ns ± 0% +0.10%
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
ComplexEgo-24 569B ± 0% 569B ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexQuicktemplate-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
ComplexTempl-24 408B ± 0% 408B ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexFtmpl-24 3.54kB ± 0% 3.54kB ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexGorazor-24 3.69kB ± 0% 3.69kB ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexHero-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
ComplexJade-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
ComplexGoDirectBuffer-24 0.00B 0.00B 0.00%
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
ComplexEgo-24 31.0 ± 0% 31.0 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexQuicktemplate-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
ComplexTempl-24 11.0 ± 0% 11.0 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexFtmpl-24 38.0 ± 0% 38.0 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexGorazor-24 24.0 ± 0% 24.0 ± 0% 0.00%
ComplexHero-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
ComplexJade-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
ComplexGoDirectBuffer-24 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Security
All packages assume that template authors are trusted. If you allow custom templates you have to sanitize your user input e.g. bluemonday. Generally speaking I would suggest to sanitize every input not just HTML-input.
Attention: This part is not updated since 2016.
| Framework | Security | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Ace | No | |
| amber | No | |
| ego | Partial (html.EscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| egon | Partial (html.EscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| egonslinso | Partial (html.EscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| ftmpl | Partial (html.EscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| Go | Yes | contextual escaping html/template Security Model |
| Gorazor | Partial (template.HTMLEscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| Handlebars | Partial (raymond.escape) | only HTML |
| Hero | Partial (html.EscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| Jade | Partial (html.EscapeString) | Autoescape for HTML, others need to be called manually |
| Jet | Partial (html.EscapeString) | Autoescape for HTML, others need to be called manually |
| Kasia | Partial (kasia.WriteEscapedHtml) | only HTML |
| Mustache | Partial (template.HTMLEscape) | only HTML |
| Pongo2 | Partial (pongo2.filterEscape, pongo2.filterEscapejs) | autoescape only escapes HTML, others could be implemented as pongo filters |
| Quicktemplate | Partial (html.EscapeString) | only HTML, others need to be called manually |
| Soy | Partial (template.HTMLEscapeString, url.QueryEscape, template.JSEscapeString) | autoescape only escapes HTML, contextual escaping is defined as a project goal |