Awesome
SchemaMonkey
SchemaMonkey is a behind-the-scenes gem to make it easy to write extensions to ActiveRecord. It provides:
- A simple convention-based mechanism to insert modules into ActiveRecord modules.
- A simple convention-based mechanism to create and use Modware middleware stacks.
SchemaMonkey by itself doesn't add any behavior -- SchemaMonkey is intended to make it easy to add clients that define methods and stacks, that are then available to other clients or the app. (In particular, most clients of SchemaMonkey will depend on schema_plus_core, which is a SchemaMonkey client that provides an "internal extension API" to ActiveRecord.)
Installation
As usual:
gem "schema_monkey" # in a Gemfile
gem.add_dependency "schema_monkey" # in a .gemspec
Usage
SchemaMonkey works with the notion of a "client" -- which is a module containining definitions. A typical SchemaMonkey client looks like
require 'schema_monkey'
require 'other-client1' # make sure clients you depend on are registered
require 'other-client2' # first, if/as needed.
module MyClient
module ActiveRecord
#
# active record extensions, if any
#
end
module Middleware
#
# middleware stack modules, if any
#
end
end
SchemaMonkey.register MyClient # <--- That's it! No configuration needed
of course a typical client will be split into files corresponding to submodules; e.g. here's the top level of schema_plus_indexes:
require 'schema_plus/core'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/active_record/base'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/active_record/connection_adapters/index_definition'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/middleware/dumper'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/middleware/migration'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/middleware/model'
require 'schema_plus/indexes/middleware/schema'
SchemaMonkey.register SchemaPlus::Indexes
The details of ActiveRecord exentions and Middleware modules are described below.
ActiveRecord Extensions
Here's a simple example of an extension to ActiveRecord:
require 'schema_monkey'
module PracticalJoker
module ActiveRecord
module Base
def save(*args)
raise "April Fools!" if Time.now.yday == 91
super
end
module ClassMethods
def columns
raise "Boo!" if Time.now.yday == 304
super
end
end
end
end
end
end
SchemaMonkey.register PracticalJoker
SchemaMonkey inserts each submodule of MyClient::ActiveRecord
into the corresponding module of ActiveRecord, with ClassMethods
inserted as class methods.
This works for arbitrary submodule paths, such as MyClient::ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::TableDefinition
. SchemaMonkey will raise an error if the client defines a module that does not have a corresponding ActiveRecord module.
Notice that insertion is done using Module.prepend
, so that client modules can override existing methods and use super
.
DBMS-specific insertion
If a client module's name includes one the dbms names Mysql
, PostgreSQL
or SQLite3
(case insensitive), the insertion will only be performed if that's the dbms in use. So, e.g. MyClient::ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter
will only be inserted if the app is using PostgreSQL.
Additionally, for ActiveRecord modules that are not inherently dbms-specific, you can use one of the dbms names (case insensitive) as a component in the client module's path to do dbms-specific insertion. E.g.
module MyClient
module ActiveRecord
module ConnectionAdapters
module Sqlite3
module TableDefinition
#
# SQLite3-specific enhancements to
# ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::TableDefinition
#
end
end
end
end
end
The dbms name component can be anywhere in the module path after MyClient::ActiveRecord
insert
vs prepend
-
By default, SchemaMonkey inserts a client module using
prepend
, and a client ClassMethods module usingsingleton_class.prepend
. This allows overriding existing methods and usingsuper
. On insertion, Ruby will of course call the module'sself.prepended
method, if one is defined. -
However, if the client module defines a module method
self.included
then SchemaMonkey will useinclude
for a module andsingleton_class.include
for a ClassMethods module -- and Ruby will of course call that method.
Note that in the case of a ClassMethods module, when Ruby calls self.prepended
or self.included
, it will pass the singleton class. For convience SchemaMonkey will also call self.extended
if defined, passing it the ActiveRecord module itself, just as Ruby would if extend
were used.
Middleware Modules
SchemaMonkey provides a convention-based front end to using modware middleware stacks.
SchemaMonkey uses Ruby modules to organize the stacks: Each stack is contained in a submodule of SchemaMonkey::Middleware
Defining a stack
Here's an example of defining a middleware stack:
module MyClient
module Middleware
module Index
module Exists
Env = [:connection, :table_name, :column_name, :options, :result]
end
end
end
end
This defines a stack available at SchemaMonkey::Middleware::Index::Exists
. You can use any module path you want for organizational convenience. The const Env
signals to SchemaMonkey to create a stack at that location; the environment object for the stack will have the listed fields. (Env actually can be an array of symbols or a Class, as per Modware::Stack.new
.)
SchemaMonkey will raise an error if a stack had already been defined there.
The defined stack module has a module method start
that delegates to Modware::Stack.start
. Here's an example of using the above stack as a wrapper around ActiveRecord's index_exists?
method:
module MyClient
module ActiveRecord
module ConnectionAdapters
module SchemaStatements
def index_exists?(table_name, column_name, options = {})
SchemaMonkey::Middleware::Index::Exists.start(connection: self, table_name: table_name, column_name: column_name, options: options) { |env|
env.result = super env.table_name, env.column_name, env.options
}.result
end
end
end
end
end
This is a fairly typical idiom for wrapping behavior in a stack:
- Pass
self
and the method arguments to the stack environment - Call the base implementation, passing it argument values from the environment (giving clients a chance to modify them in
before
oraround
methods) - Place the result in the environment (giving clients a chance to modify it in
after
oraround
methods start
returns the environment object -- the method returns the result that's stored in the environment
Inserting Middleware in a stack
If an earlier client defined a stack, a later client can insert middleware into the stack:
require 'my_client' # earlier client defines the stack
module UColumnImpliesUnique
module Middlware
module Index
module Exists
def before(env)
env.options.reverse_merge!(unique: env.column_name.start_with? 'u')
end
end
end
end
end
SchemaMonkey.register(UColumnImpliesUnique)
SchemaMonkey uses the module MyLaterClient::Middleware::Index::Exists
as modware middleware for the corresponding stack. The middleware module can define middleware methods before
, around
, after
, or implement
as per modware
Note that the distinguishing feature between defining and using a stack is whether Env
is defined.
Compatibility
SchemaMonkey is tested on:
<!-- SCHEMA_DEV: MATRIX - begin --> <!-- These lines are auto-generated by schema_dev based on schema_dev.yml -->- ruby 2.5 with activerecord 5.2, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 2.5 with activerecord 6.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 2.5 with activerecord 6.1, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 2.7 with activerecord 5.2, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 2.7 with activerecord 6.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 2.7 with activerecord 6.1, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 2.7 with activerecord 7.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 3.0 with activerecord 6.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 3.0 with activerecord 6.1, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 3.0 with activerecord 7.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 3.1 with activerecord 6.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 3.1 with activerecord 6.1, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
- ruby 3.1 with activerecord 7.0, using mysql2, sqlite3 or postgresql:9.6
Release Notes
- 3.0.2 -- Add AR 7.0 and Ruby 3.1
- 3.0.1 -- Use modware 1.0.1
- 3.0.0 -- updated to support ruby 2.5+ only and rails 5.2 through 6.1
- 2.1.6 -- stricter dependency on modware
- 2.1.5 -- Remove dependency on its-it :( #12
- 2.1.4 -- Loosen dependency to allow AR 5.0, and include it in the test matrix
- 2.1.3 -- Guard against multiple insertion of modules.
- 2.1.2 -- Insert self earlier; don't wait for connection adapter to be instantiated. Fixes #6 re
db:schema:load
- 2.1.1 -- Bug fix: don't choke if a module contains a BasicObject const
- 2.1.0 -- First version to support all of schema_plus's needs for the 1.8.7 -> 2.0 upgrade
Development & Testing
Are you interested in contributing to schema_monkey? Thanks! Please follow the standard protocol: fork, feature branch, develop, push, and issue pull request.
Some things to know about to help you develop and test:
<!-- SCHEMA_DEV: TEMPLATE USES SCHEMA_DEV - begin --> <!-- These lines are auto-inserted from a schema_dev template -->-
schema_dev: SchemaMonkey uses schema_dev to facilitate running rspec tests on the matrix of ruby, activerecord, and database versions that the gem supports, both locally and on github actions
To to run rspec locally on the full matrix, do:
$ schema_dev bundle install $ schema_dev rspec
You can also run on just one configuration at a time; For info, see
schema_dev --help
or the schema_dev README.The matrix of configurations is specified in
schema_dev.yml
in the project root.