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ner-corpora
Named Entity Recognition corpora for Dutch, French, German from Europeana Newspapers.
Introduction
The corpora comprise of files per data provider that are encoded in the IOB format (Ramshaw & Marcus, 1995). The IOB format is a simple text chunking format that divides texts into single tokens per line, and, separated by a whitespace, tags to mark named entities. The most commonly used categories for tags are PER (person), LOC (location) and ORG (organization). To mark named entities that span multiple tokens, the tags have a prefix of either B- (beginning of named entity) or I- (inside of named entity). O (outside of named entity) tags are used to mark tokens that are not a named entity.
Example:
The O
NBA B-ORG
player O
Michael B-PER
Jordan I-PER
is O
from O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
of I-LOC
America I-LOC
. O
Background
The IOB files in this repository are based on OCRed and manually annotated historical newspapers from these libraries:
- enp_DE.onb.bio - newspapers from the Austrian National Library
- enp_DE.lft.bio - newspapers from the Dr Friedrich Teßmann Library
- enp_DE.sbb.bio - newspapers from the Berlin State Library
- enp_FR.bnf.bio - newspapers from the National Library of France
- enp_NL.kb.bio - newspapers from the National Library of the Netherlands
To download the the source ALTO OCR files or the trained CRF classifier binaries, please go here.
License
Attribution
Europeana Newspapers NER corpora
https://github.com/EuropeanaNewspapers/ner-corpora/
Europeana Newspapers Project, 2012-2015
http://www.europeana-newspapers.eu/
References
- An Open Corpus for Named Entity Recognition in Historic Newspapers
Proceedings of the 10th edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2016), 23-28 May 2016, Portorož, Slovenia.
Known issues
The way the above corpora were produced, additional work is required to leverage the data for tasks such as evaluation, where gold standard quality is required as the data still contains many OCR errors. Also, due to post-processing, parts of sentences containing a high degree of noise were cut, which makes it difficult to map the annotated texts to the original newspaper articles and may entail unintended effects on classification.
Further information on data quality issues and instructions to clean up the data can be found in the wiki.