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Table of Contents

Overview

<p align="justify"> Modeling and simulation of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) may work as a powerful tool in the research & development of renewable energy sources. The Open-Source PEMFC Simulation Tool (OPEM) is a modeling tool for evaluating the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This package is a combination of models (static/dynamic) that predict the optimum operating parameters of PEMFC. OPEM contained generic models that will accept as input, not only values of the operating variables such as anode and cathode feed gas, pressure and compositions, cell temperature and current density, but also cell parameters including the active area and membrane thickness. In addition, some of the different models of PEMFC that have been proposed in the OPEM, just focus on one particular FC stack, and some others take into account a part or all auxiliaries such as reformers. OPEM is a platform for collaborative development of PEMFC models. </p> <div align="center"> <img src="https://github.com/ECSIM/opem/raw/master/otherfile/OPEM_BLOCK_DIAGRAM.jpg"> <p>Fig1. OPEM Block Diagram</p> </div> <table> <tr> <td align="center">Open Hub</td> <td align="center"><a href="https://www.openhub.net/p/opem"><img src="https://www.openhub.net/p/opem/widgets/project_thin_badge.gif"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">PyPI Counter</td> <td align="center"><a href="http://pepy.tech/project/opem"><img src="http://pepy.tech/badge/opem"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">Github Stars</td> <td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/ecsim/opem"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/ECSIM/opem.svg?style=social&label=Stars"></a></td> </tr> </table> <table> <tr> <td align="center">Branch</td> <td align="center">master</td> <td align="center">develop</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">CI</td> <td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/ECSIM/opem/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?branch=master"></td> <td align="center"><img src="https://github.com/ECSIM/opem/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?branch=develop"></td> </tr> </table> <table> <tr> <td align="center">Code Quality</td> <td align="center"><a href="https://www.codacy.com/gh/ECSIM/opem/dashboard?utm_source=github.com&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=ECSIM/opem&amp;utm_campaign=Badge_Grade"><img src="https://app.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/7e8bf5e11c0b455da3807ee4e493713e"/></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="https://www.codefactor.io/repository/github/ecsim/opem"><img src="https://www.codefactor.io/repository/github/ecsim/opem/badge" alt="CodeFactor" /></a></td> </tr> </table>

Usage

Executable

Library

  1. Amphlett Static Model

    >>> from opem.Static.Amphlett import Static_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector={"T": 343.15,"PH2": 1,"PO2": 1,"i-start": 0,"i-stop": 75,"i-step": 0.1,"A": 50.6,"l": 0.0178,"lambda": 23,"N": 1,"R": 0,"JMax": 1.5,"Name": "Amphlett_Test"}
>>> data=Static_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Eta_Active</td> <td align="center">Eta activation</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Eta_Conc</td> <td align="center">Eta concentration</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Eta_Ohmic</td> <td align="center">Eta ohmic</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Static/Amphlett.html">here</a>

  2. Larminie-Dicks Static Model

    >>> from opem.Static.Larminie_Dicks import Static_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"A": 0.06,"E0": 1.178,"T": 328.15,"RM": 0.0018,"i_0": 0.00654,"i_L": 100.0,"i_n": 0.23,"N": 23,"i-start": 0.1,"i-stop": 98,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "Larminiee_Test"}
>>> data=Static_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Static/Larminie_Dicks.html">here</a>

  3. Chamberline-Kim Static Model

    >>> from opem.Static.Chamberline_Kim import Static_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"A": 50.0,"E0": 0.982,"b": 0.0689,"R": 0.328,"m": 0.000125,"n": 9.45,"N": 1,"i-start": 1,"i-stop": 42.5,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "Chamberline_Test"}
>>> data=Static_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Static/Chamberline_Kim.html">here</a>

  4. Padulles Dynamic Model I

    >>> from opem.Dynamic.Padulles1 import Dynamic_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"T": 343,"E0": 0.6,"N0": 88,"KO2": 0.0000211,"KH2": 0.0000422,"tH2": 3.37,"tO2": 6.74,"B": 0.04777,"C": 0.0136,"Rint": 0.00303,"rho": 1.168,"qH2": 0.0004,"i-start": 0,"i-stop": 100,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "PadullesI_Test"}
>>> data=Dynamic_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PO2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Dynamic/Padulles1.html">here</a>

  5. Padulles Dynamic Model II

    >>> from opem.Dynamic.Padulles2 import Dynamic_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"T": 343,"E0": 0.6,"N0": 5,"KO2": 0.0000211,"KH2": 0.0000422,"KH2O": 0.000007716,"tH2": 3.37,"tO2": 6.74,"tH2O": 18.418,"B": 0.04777,"C": 0.0136,"Rint": 0.00303,"rho": 1.168,"qH2": 0.0004,"i-start": 0.1,"i-stop": 100,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "Padulles2_Test"}
>>> data=Dynamic_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PO2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2O</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Dynamic/Padulles2.html">here</a>

  6. Padulles-Hauer Dynamic Model

    >>> from opem.Dynamic.Padulles_Hauer import Dynamic_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"T": 343,"E0": 0.6,"N0": 5,"KO2": 0.0000211,"KH2": 0.0000422,"KH2O": 0.000007716,"tH2": 3.37,"tO2": 6.74,"t1": 2,"t2": 2,"tH2O": 18.418,"B": 0.04777,"C": 0.0136,"Rint": 0.00303,"rho": 1.168,"qMethanol": 0.0002,"CV": 2,"i-start": 0.1,"i-stop": 100,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "Padulles_Hauer_Test"}
>>> data=Dynamic_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PO2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2O</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Dynamic/Padulles_Hauer.html">here</a>

  7. Padulles-Amphlett Dynamic Model

    >>> from opem.Dynamic.Padulles_Amphlett import Dynamic_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"A": 50.6,"l": 0.0178,"lambda": 23,"JMax": 1.5,"T": 343,"N0": 5,"KO2": 0.0000211,"KH2": 0.0000422,"KH2O": 0.000007716,"tH2": 3.37,"tO2": 6.74,"t1": 2,"t2": 2,"tH2O": 18.418,"rho": 1.168,"qMethanol": 0.0002,"CV": 2,"i-start": 0.1,"i-stop": 75,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "Padulles_Amphlett_Test"}
>>> data=Dynamic_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PO2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2O</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Eta_Active</td> <td align="center">Eta activation</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Eta_Conc</td> <td align="center">Eta concentration</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Eta_Ohmic</td> <td align="center">Eta ohmic</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Dynamic/Padulles_Amphlett.html">here</a>

  8. Chakraborty Dynamic Model

    >>> from opem.Dynamic.Chakraborty import Dynamic_Analysis
>>> Test_Vector = {"T": 1273,"E0": 0.6,"u":0.8,"N0": 1,"R": 3.28125 * 10**(-3),"KH2O": 0.000281,"KH2": 0.000843,"KO2": 0.00252,"rho": 1.145,"i-start": 0.1,"i-stop": 300,"i-step": 0.1,"Name": "Chakraborty_Test"}
>>> data=Dynamic_Analysis(InputMethod=Test_Vector,TestMode=True,PrintMode=False,ReportMode=False)
    <html> <table> <tr> <td align="center" >Key</td> <td align="center">Description</td> <td align="center">Type</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Status</td> <td align="center">Simulation status</td> <td align="center">Bool</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >P</td> <td align="center">Power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >I</td> <td align="center">Cell operating current</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V</td> <td align="center">FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >EFF</td> <td align="center">Efficiency</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PO2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >PH2O</td> <td align="center">Partial pressure</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ph</td> <td align="center">Thermal power</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Nernst Gain</td> <td align="center">Nernst Gain</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >Ohmic Loss</td> <td align="center">Ohmic Loss</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >V0</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx intercept</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >K</td> <td align="center">Linear-Apx slope</td> <td align="center">Float</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" >VE</td> <td align="center">Estimated FC voltage</td> <td align="center">List</td> </tr> </table> </html>
    • For more information about this model visit <a href="https://www.ecsim.site/opem/doc/Dynamic/Chakraborty.html">here</a>

    Parameters

    1. TestMode : Active test mode and get/return data as dict, (Default : False)
    2. ReportMode : Generate reports(.csv,.opem,.html) and print result in console, (Default : True)
    3. PrintMode : Control printing in console, (Default : True)
    4. Folder : Reports folder, (Default : os.getcwd())

    Note

    • Return type : dict

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Outputs

  1. HTML
  2. CSV
  3. OPEM

Thanks

Reference

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Cite

If you use OPEM in your research , please cite this paper :

<pre> @article{Haghighi2018, doi = {10.21105/joss.00676}, url = {https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.00676}, year = {2018}, month = {jul}, publisher = {The Open Journal}, volume = {3}, number = {27}, pages = {676}, author = {Sepand Haghighi and Kasra Askari and Sarmin Hamidi and Mohammad Mahdi Rahimi}, title = {{OPEM} : Open Source {PEM} Cell Simulation Tool}, journal = {Journal of Open Source Software} } </pre>

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<table> <tr> <td align="center">JOSS</td> <td align="center"><a style="border-width:0" href="https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.00676"><img src="http://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.00676/status.svg" alt="DOI badge" ></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">Zenodo</td> <td align="center"><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1133110"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.1133110.svg" alt="DOI"></a></td> </tr> </table>

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