Awesome

The Romanian Language / Limba Română

Foreword

Having struggled to find a list of useful resources to learn the Romanian language and having been inspired by a fellow language learner, TheDomcio, and his wonderful repository for the Polish language, I decided to create a repository dedicated to the Romanian language.

I invite everybody and anybody to contribute to his and my own repository, and to create one for other languages which do not yet have such a repository.

Table of Contents

• Information
  • Briefing
    • Native countries
      • Romania
      • Moldova
      • Diaspora
  • Introduction
    • Videos
    • Links to other pages
  • Connections to other languages
  • Comparisons to other languages
• Literature
  • Grammars
  • Books
  • Phrasebooks
  • Blogs and magazines
• Structured education
  • Courses and lessons
  • Guides
    • Grammar
• Interactive resources
  • Websites
  • Applications and games
• Compiled resources
  • Dictionaries
    • Monolingual
    • Bilingual
    • Multilingual
  • Directories and Collections
  • Notes
• Media
  • Channels
  • Playlists
  • Podcasts
• Communities
  • Discord
• Tools
  • Translation
• References

Information

This section contains information about the Romanian language, as well as links to resources.

• Briefing

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  • Name: Romanian (previously also spelled Rumanian and Roumanian[French roumain]), also known as Daco-Romanian in comparative linguistics to help distinguish it from other Romanian languages (Aromanian, Istro-Romanian, Megleno-Romanian).
  • Family: Balkan Romance < Eastern Romance < Romance < Italic < † Italo-Celtic < Italic < Indo-European
  • Ethnicity: Romanians, Moldovans
  • Native speakers: ~26 million, of which 19 million are in Romania¹

  † - The Italo-Celtic grouping of the Italic and Celtic languages is disputed on the basis of disagreement on the causes of similarities between these two branches.

  • Native countries

    This section contains information about the countries to whom the Romanian language is native (Romania and Moldova), as well as information for the Romanian diaspora (ethnic Romanian population outside of those countries).

    • Romania

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      • Wikipedia Article - Surface information about the Romanian country.
      • Culture Crossing Guide - Facts about Romania and its culture, as well as its people.

    • Moldova

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      • Wikipedia Article - Surface information about the Moldovan country.
      • Culture Crossing Guide - Facts about Moldova and its culture, as well as its people.

    • Diaspora

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      • Wikipedia Article - Surface information about the diaspora, and its population composition of various countries.

• Introduction

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  • Videos

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    • Romanian: The Forgotten Romance Language
    • Raluca speaking Romanian
    • Romanian Language Learning Tips

  • Links to other pages

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    • Wikipedia Article - More information about the Romanian language, its family, its history, dialects, classification, geographic distribution and grammar.
    • Omniglot - A brief overview of the Romanian language.

• Connections to other languages

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  • 🇦🇱 The Romanian-Albanian Linguistic Connection

• Comparisons to other languages

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  • ✝️ Romanian vs Latin 🇷🇴

  • 🇷🇴 Latin vs Romanian ✝️

  • 🇷🇴 Romanian vs Spanish, French 🇫🇷 🇪🇸

    <!-- This section was generated using the below JavaScript code for https://youtube.com/channel/UCsXnvpQfSAP-whL2CrcNTtg/videos: ``` const relevantExpression = new RegExp("^Romance Languages? Comparison ?: [a-zA-Z0-9 ]+$", 'i'); const titleNodes = [...document.querySelectorAll("#video-title")]; const relevantNodes = titleNodes.filter((node) => !!node.href && relevantExpression.test(node.innerText)); const nodeTuples = relevantNodes.map((node) => [node.innerText, node.href]); nodeTuples.forEach((tuple) => { const words = tuple[0].split(":")[1].trim().split(); tuple[0] = words.map((word) => word[0].toUpperCase() + word.slice(1)).join(); tuple[1] = tuple[1].replace("https://www.", "https://"); }); const sortedTuples = nodeTuples.sort((a, b) => a[0] < b[0] ? -1 : 1); const hyperlinks = sortedTuples.map((tuple) => `[${tuple[0]}](${tuple[1]})`); console.info(hyperlinks.join(" | ")); ``` -->

  • ✝️ Latin vs Romance Languages 🇫🇷 🇮🇹 🇵🇹 🇷🇴 🇪🇸 - Adjectives | Adjectives 2 | Adverbs | Animals | Art | Beverage | Cereal | Clothing and Accessories | Conjunctions | Country Names | Death | Directions | Doublet | Fields of Study | Fire | Food | Food 2 | French Circumflex | Greetings | Herbs | House | Ice | Infinitive verbs | Language | Law | Metal | Months | Natural Disaster | Nouns | Nouns 2 | Nouns 3 | Plant | Pronouns | Quotes | Quotes | Religion | Shoes | Sleep | Space | Syntax and Vocabulary | Time | Titles | Transportation | Verb 5 | Verbs | Verbs 2 | Verbs 3 | Verbs 4 | Verbs 6 | Verbs 7 | Verbs 8 | Verbs 8 | War | Water | Water 2

Literature

• Grammars

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  • Romanian Reference Grammar - Prepared by Christina N. Hoffman, the Romanian Reference Grammar is a book created to explain Romanian grammar in an digestable format.

• Books

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  • Wikisource - A repository of free literature.
  • Grupul Humanitas - Books available for free on the Humanitas publishing house website.

• Textbooks

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  • Manuale.edu.ro - Romanian language textbooks, useful for advanced users.

• Phrasebooks

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  • Wikitravel Phrasebook - A rich phrasebook with many essential words and phrases.

• Blogs and magazines

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  • 🇷🇴🇬🇧 Diacronia - An online, bilingual, open-access, peer-reviewed journal of diachronic linguistics.

Structured education

• Courses and lessons

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  • Simple Romanian - A website created by a simple Romanian, featuring dozens of lessons aiming to promote authentic language taken straight from Romanian streets.
  • Romanian Weekly Lessons - Lessons with audio, prepared by ROLANG school which specialises in teaching the Romanian language to international students.
  • Easy Romanian - A work of love, the Easy Romanian online course features dialogs, vocabulary builder, grammar, audio created by Romanians in Romania.
  • 🇩🇪 Grammatiken.de - A detailed course on Romanian grammar in German.

• Guides

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  • Grammar

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    • 🇷🇴 Gramatica Limbii Române ('Grammar of the Romanian Language') - A guide created with the intention of offering all information necessary to learn the grammar of the Romanian language.

Interactive resources

• Applications and games

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  • 🇷🇴🇺🇳 BaBaDum - A non-profit initiative, built thanks to friendly institutions and generous players. – Features 5 word games with 1500 words in 21 languages. – Created by a Polish couple, Aleksandra and Daniel Miezielińscy, - book, game and font designers specializing in educational picture books for children.
  • 🇷🇴🇺🇳 Clozemaster - Gamified language learning through mass exposure to vocabulary in context. – Allows reading and learning words as they were written in a sentence. – Features 50+ languages.

Compiled resources

• Dictionaries

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  • Monolingual

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    • dexonline.ro (Dicționar Explicativ Online - 'Explanatory Dictionary Online') - The largest collection of entries from various Romanian dictionaries. – Features 1,000,000 headword entries, word games and daily and monthly word selections.
    • Dicționar Urban - Romanian equivalent of the Urban Dictionary.

  • Bilingual

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    • Bab.la
    • Dicționare ('Dictionaries') - An English-Romanian and Romanian-English dictionary. – Very little additional information is available about the website.
    • Dict.cc
    • Dict.com
    • Hallo.ro
    • WordReference
    • LingvoSoft
    • SensAgent
    • TechDico

  • Multilingual

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    • Glosbe - A many-to-many word and translation look-up dictionary which allows users to translate words from their native language to Romanian and vice-versa. – Contains 120,000 phrases and 52,000,000 examples.
    • Reverso Context - A similar project to Glosbe; it's less open but the context-based translation of phrases is pretty accurate.

• Directories and Collections

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  • Language Player - A directory of Romanian videos, TV shows, music, live TV, and a tool for reading Romanian with dynamic translations.
  • RomanianVoice - A repository with cultural information about Romania with poetry, music, humour, theatre pieces, as well as banknotes and passports.

• Notes

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  • MrMeloman's Notes - A collection of schemes, lists and other materials made while studying Romanian.

Media

• Channels

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  • Language-related

    • 🇬🇧 Learn Romanian With Nico - Nico(leta) is a passionate and enthusiastic Romanian teacher and author of several instruction manuals for studying Romanian as a foreign language. – Her channel features over 200 videos about the Romanian language mostly for beginners and intermediate learners, but occassionally also for advanced speakers of the language.
    • 🇬🇧 Learn Romanian With Vlad - Phrases, pronunciation, lessons about various topics and more can be found on the channel of Vlad Buculei. Although the channel has over 100 videos, only about half of them are about the Romanian language.
    • 🇬🇧 Romanian With Gia - A channel dedicated to the teaching of the Romanian language and culture, hosted by Gia Manolea - an online Romanian tutor.
    • 🇬🇧 Romanian Hub - Led by Voicu Mihnea Simandan, RomanianHub is a language-learning portal which provides fun and informative videos about the Romanian language, spanning topics such as phonetics, grammar, conversation, vocabulary, idioms, etc. – Teaches Romanian in different video formats; vlogs, flip charts, poetry and music. – Creates videos about Romania's history and geography.
    • 🇬🇧 QuickRomanian - Thematically categorised lessons in the Romanian language, teaching vocabulary in various situations, such as 'In a hotel', 'In a taxi' or 'In a bar'. Furthermore, the channel also has lessons of Romanian grammar and word morphology.
    • 🇬🇧 Laura Elena - Lessons of the Romanian language in a step-like format, with each lesson marking a step in achieving fluency.
    • 🇷🇴 Florentin - Profu' de Română ('Florentin - Teacher of Romanian') - Videos in Romanian about Romanian, in a quiz-like format with videos presenting frequent mistakes in Romanian as well as tests. – Led by a Romanian teacher by the name of Florentin Gheorghe.
    • 🇷🇴 Tiago Aici ('Tiago Here') - Videos about Romania and the Romanian language from the perspective of a Brazilian and fellow learner living in the country.

  • Children

    • 🇷🇴 TraLaLa
    • 🇷🇴 Zurli

  • Other topics

    • 🇷🇴 HaiHui în doi - Channel led by a Romanian couple, Andreia and Ionuț Chiperi, who travel around the world, including Romania and Moldova.
    • 🇷🇴 Marian Adventures - Marian travels solo around the world, documenting his adventures.
    • 🇲🇩 SunChase Journey - Channel documenting a Moldovan couple's travels around the Middle East and Iran.

• Playlists

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  • Easy Romanian - A series comprising short videos with a native speaker of Romanian in public, speaking to passersby with Romanian and English subtitles.

• Podcasts

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  • Mind Architect - Neuroscience and psychology for the layman. Relationships and personal life are the main topics discussed.
  • Fain și Simplu cu Mihai Morar - Mihai Morar, a former TV show and radio host, interviews various (mostly Romanian and Moldovan) celebrities and public figures.
  • Cronicari Digitali - Culture, technology, access to education and gastronomy.
  • On The Record - Investigative journalism; addresses issues in Romania and the rest of the world.
  • Obiceiul Pământului - Inspirational real-life stories addressing Roma history, including the history of enslavement and discrimination in Romania.
  • Pe Bune - Life stories of creative people in Romania.
  • Podcastul de istorie - History of Romania and the rest of the world.
  • Learn Romanian Podcast - More than 400 episodes to improve your Romanian skills by Camelia.

• News

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  • Actualitate
  • Adevărul
  • Cancan
  • Digi24
  • Evenimentul Zilei
  • HotNews
  • Libertatea
  • Mediafax
  • News.ro
  • News 24
  • Observator News
  • Redacția
  • România TV
  • Sport.ro
  • Știri pe Surse
  • Știrile Pro TV
  • Ziar.com
  • Ziare.com

  Moldova

  • Noi.md
  • Publika
  • Timpul.md

Communities

• Discord

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  • Learn Romanian - The largest server on Discord dedicated to the study of the Romanian language.

Tools

• 🇬🇧 Forvo - A pronunciation dictionary featuring over 10,000 pronunciations by native speakers of Romanian words.

• 🇷🇴 Pluralul - A tool to check the plural of any Romanian noun.

• 🇬🇧 Cooljugator - A verb conjugator with translations with easy-to-follow conjugation tables for all Romanian verb tenses. Additionally, it provides examples of the conjugations used in context as well as translations of the verb itself to different languages.

• 🇷🇴 Conjugare - A reliable verb conjugator. Enter any form of the verb to get the conjugation table for many moods and tenses. – (!) Does not conjugate for tenses in the presumptive mood.

• 🇬🇧 Readlang - Read texts in Romanian in a distraction-free environment with one-click word translations. After reading, review your new vocabulary with spaced-repetition flashcards.

• 🇷🇴 CuvinteCare ('WordsThat') - A tool for finding Romanian words that start with, end with, contain or are anagrams of a given set of letters.

• 🇷🇴 Cum Se Scrie ('How is it written') - A tool for finding out the subtle differences between certain phrases and words.

• Translation

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  • 🇷🇴🇺🇳 DeepL - An astoundingly accurate neural machine translation service.
    • Note: DeepL uses English as an intermediary language, therefore translations will be most accurate for the 🇬🇧-🇷🇴 and 🇷🇴-🇬🇧 pairs.
  • 🇷🇴🇺🇳 Google Translate
  • 🇷🇴🇺🇳 Lingvanex

References

1 - https://worldometers.info/world-population/romania-population/