Awesome
Isolate
Isolate is a tool to allow injection of module dependencies when doing Test Driven Javascript/Coffeescript development. It extends requirejs and node's require to allow isolation of a module under test.
Paired with a Spy/Fake/Mock framework, this allows for a powerful TDD environment where the code under test is properly isolated from its dependencies.
Isolate can be used with either requirejs (AMD) or node's require (CommonJs). It works by hijacking the loader cache in either environment and injecting alternate stand-ins for each of the cached modules.
Why?
When building large or complex Javascript applications, modularity and testing is key. With these two ingredients alone, though, you quickly reach a point where a small mistake in one module can easily lead to large swaths of your tests failing because each module, to some degree, relies on its dependencies to function as expected.
If you instead isolate each module in its test environment with standin implementations of its dependencies, breaking the operation of one module only breaks its related tests. This allows you to develop with more confidence and track down issues faster.
Tools that go well with Isolate
Examples
Since code is worth 1024 words, here is a quick overview of what using Isolate in your code looks like.
requirejs / AMD
path/to/module.under.test.coffee
define ['path/to/dependency'], (dependency)->
# implementation
path/to/depencency.coffee
define [], ->
someMethod: -> # some logic
isolate configuration
isolate.map 'path/to/dependency',
someMethod: -> true
spec file
define ['isolate!path/to/module.under.test'], (moduleUnderTest)->
dependency = moduleUnderTest.dependencies['path/to/dependency']
dependency.someMethod() # true
node / CommonJS
path/to/module.under.test.coffee
dependency = require 'path/to/dependency'
# implementation
path/to/depencency.coffee
exports.someMethod = -> # some logic
isolate configuration
isolate.map 'path/to/dependency',
someMethod: -> true
spec file
moduleUnderTest = module.isolate 'path/to/module.under.test'
dependency = moduleUnderTest.dependencies['path/to/dependency']
dependency.someMethod() # true
Installation
npm install isolate
If you are using requirejs in the browser, Isolate integrates via their Loader Plugins API. You should place isolate.js "in the same directory as your app's main JS file."
Configuration
Isolate maps real module dependencies to fake implementations. It does this via mapping rules that you provide in its configuration. For small projects, you may be able to configure Isolate "just in time", right in your spec file - though it is much more maintainable to instead configure it during the bootstrap phase of running your specs.
For instance, if you are using mocha,
you could put your isolate configuration in test/configure-isolate.js
and
add something like the following to your test/mocha.opts
file:
--require test/configure-isolate.js
The test/configure-isolate.coffee
file will be similar to:
global.Isolate = require 'Isolate'
Isolate
.mapType #...
.map #...
.passthru #...
.mapAsFactory #...
Configuration Options
useRequire
Isolate.useRequire require
useRequire
allows you to specify the instance of require.js require to use
when isolating AMD modules. If this is not set, Isolate will try to use the global
require
instance by default.
passthru
Isolate.passthru 'jquery', 'underscore', /lib\/.*/, '/libraries\/.*/' #...
or
Isolate.passthru [ 'jquery', 'underscore', /lib\/.*/, '/libraries\/.*/' ]
passthru
allows you to specify that certain modules should be allowed through
without injecting a standin. This is good for external libraries that
are assumed to be working and stable, or are too complex to
realistically build suitable standins for.
This option expects a list of matchers, and can be called multiple times. A matcher can be one of:
- A RegExp designed to match against the full module path
- A string staring and ending with a '/', which will be turned into a
RegExp instance by removing the '/' from the start and end and calling
new RegExp()
on the resulting string - Any other string which is injected into a RegExp instance which attempts to match the module name
map
Isolate
.map('some/module', {})
.map('/.*_controller$/', (options)-> {})
.map(/.*_view/, (options)-> {})
or
Isolate
.map
'some/module' : {}
'/.*_controller$/' : (options)-> {}
'/.*_view/' : (options)-> {}
map
allows you to provide a specific standin implementation to inject
for any given matcher (See the passthru section above for details
on matchers).
This option expects to be provided a matcher and either a standin
instance to inject, or a factory (see map.asFactory
below). As
syntactic sugar, you can also pass an object map of matcher: standin
pairs too (second example above)
Note: Conflicts between passthru
, map
, and overlapping matchers of
each are resolved by choosing the last-defined matching rule.
mapType
Isolate
.mapType 'function', ->
.mapType 'object', {}
or
Isolate
.mapType
'function': ->
'object' : {}
mapType
allows you to setup "catch-all" rules to construct standins
for modules which failed to match any map
or passthru
rules defined.
This option expects to be provided a type argument,and either a
standin instance to inject, or a factory (see map.asFactory
below).
As syntactic sugar, you can also pass an object map of type: standin
paris too (second example above).
The type argument is compared (case insensitive) to the output of running
Object.prototype.toString
on the actual module implemenntation. Just the
substring containing the type is compared, so for a dependency which is
a function, Object.prototype.toString
would return [object Function]
which means you should specify 'function' as the type to map.
isolateComplete
Isolate.isolateComplete (module)->
isolateComplete
allows you to perform last-minute processing of a
module before it is injected to the requesting code. The module
reference has the dependencies
property already prepared.
Mapping to factories instead of literals
Usage as a rule mapper
Isolate
.mapAsFactory 'some/module',
(actual, module_path, requesting_module_path)-> {}
.mapAsFactory '/.*_controller$/',
(actual, module_path, requesting_module_path)->
(options)-> {}
.mapAsFactory /.*_view/,
(actual, module_path, requesting_module_path)->
(options)-> {}
or
Isolate
.map
'some/module' : (actual, module_path, requesting_module_path)-> {}
'/.*_controller$/' : (actual, module_path, requesting_module_path)->
(options)-> {}
'/.*_view/' : (actual, module_path, requesting_module_path)->
(options)-> {}
mapAsFactory
allows you to provide a dynamically generated standin implementation
to inject with the possibility to customize the standin to the requested
module details. mapAsFactory
follows the same matcher rules described in the
passthru section above.
This option expects to be provided a matcher and a function which generates the standin to inject. The function is provided 3 parameters
actual
The real module instance which is being "faked" out.requested_module_path
The full module path to the module being "faked" out.requesting_module_path
The full module path to the module being isolated.
As syntactic sugar, you can also pass an object map of matcher: standin pairs too (second example above)
Note: Conflicts between passthru
, map
, and overlapping matchers of
each are resolved by choosing the last-defined matching rule.
Usage as a modifier to map
and mapType
Isolate
.map /.*_controller/, Isolate.mapAsFactory (actual_module, module_path, requesting_module_path)->
toString: -> "[Fake for #{module_path}]"
.mapType 'function', Isolate.mapAsFactory (actual_module, module_path, requesting_module_path)->
fake_function = ->
fake_function.toString = -> "[Fake Function for #{module_path}]"
return fake_function
map.asFactory
can also be used to provide a factory function to map
and
mapType
. The factory function will be evaluated when resolving the
dependency. The parameters passed to the factory function are the same
as described in the Usage as a rule mapper.
Note: mapAsFactory
is very helpful when you want to inject a standin for
adding some surface area to a module for specs (like wrapping functions
in spies), but you still want to check that the integration between the
modules hasn't been broken.
Using Isolate in tests
requirejs / AMD
node / CommonJS