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Deep Open Intent Classification with Adaptive Decision Boundary

A method to automatically learn the adaptive decision boundary (ADB) for open world classification.

The proposed method together with baselines are also integrated into the open intent detection module in our another scalable framework TEXTOIR, enjoy it!

Introduction

This repository provides the official PyTorch implementation of the research paper Deep Open Intent Classification with Adaptive Decision Boundary (Accepted by AAAI2021).

Related works can refer to the reading list.

Dependencies

We use anaconda to create python environment:

conda create --name python=3.6

Install all required libraries:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Model Preparation

Download the pre-trained bert model (bert-base-uncased) from the following link:
Baidu Cloud Drive with code: v8tk

Set the path of the uncased-bert model (parameter "bert_model" in init_parameter.py).

Usage

Run the experiments by:

sh scripts/run.sh

You can change the parameters in the script. The selected parameters are as follows:

dataset: clinc | banking | oos (default)
known_class_ratio: 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.75 (default)
labeled_ratio: 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.0 (default)

Model

The model architecture of ADB: Model

Results

The detailed results can be seen in results.md.

Overall Performance

		BANKING		OOS		StackOverflow
KIR*	Methods	Accuracy	F1-score	Accuracy	F1-score	Accuracy	F1-score
25%	MSP	43.67	50.09	47.02	47.62	28.67	37.85
	DOC	56.99	58.03	74.97	66.37	42.74	47.73
	OpenMax	49.94	54.14	68.50	61.99	40.28	45.98
	DeepUnk	64.21	61.36	81.43	71.16	47.84	52.05
	ADB	78.85	71.62	87.59	77.19	86.72	80.83
50%	MSP	59.73	71.18	62.96	70.41	52.42	63.01
	DOC	64.81	73.12	77.16	78.26	52.53	62.84
	OpenMax	65.31	74.24	80.11	80.56	60.35	68.18
	DeepUnk	72.73	77.53	83.35	82.16	58.98	68.01
	ADB	78.86	80.90	86.54	85.05	86.40	85.83
75%	MSP	75.89	83.60	74.07	82.38	72.17	77.95
	DOC	76.77	83.34	78.73	83.59	68.91	75.06
	OpenMax	77.45	84.07	76.80	73.16	74.42	79.78
	DeepUnk	78.52	84.31	83.71	86.23	72.33	78.28
	ADB	81.08	85.96	86.32	88.53	82.78	85.99

*KIR means "Known Intent Ratio".

Fine-grained Performance

		BANKING		OOS		StackOverflow
KIR	Methods	Open	Known	Open	Known	Open	Known
25%	MSP	41.43	50.55	50.88	47.53	13.03	42.82
	DOC	61.42	57.85	81.98	65.96	41.25	49.02
	OpenMax	51.32	54.28	75.76	61.62	36.41	47.89
	DeepUnk	70.44	60.88	87.33	70.73	49.29	52.60
	ADB	84.56	70.94	91.84	76.80	90.88	78.82
50%	MSP	41.19	71.97	57.62	70.58	23.99	66.91
	DOC	55.14	73.59	79.00	78.25	25.44	66.58
	OpenMax	54.33	74.76	81.89	80.54	45.00	70.49
	DeepUnk	69.53	77.74	85.85	82.11	43.01	70.51
	ADB	78.44	80.96	88.65	85.00	87.34	85.68
75%	MSP	39.23	84.36	59.08	82.59	33.96	80.88
	DOC	50.60	83.91	72.87	83.69	16.76	78.95
	OpenMax	50.85	84.64	76.35	73.13	44.87	82.11
	DeepUnk	58.54	84.75	81.15	86.27	37.59	81.00
	ADB	66.47	86.29	83.92	88.58	73.86	86.80

“Open” and “Known” denote the macro f1-score over open class and known classes respectively.

If you are insterested in this work, and want to use the codes or results in this repository, please star this repository and cite by:

@article{Zhang_Xu_Lin_2021, 
      title={Deep Open Intent Classification with Adaptive Decision Boundary}, 
      volume={35}, 
      number={16}, 
      journal={Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, 
      author={Zhang, Hanlei and Xu, Hua and Lin, Ting-En}, 
      year={2021}, 
      month={May}, 
      pages={14374-14382} 
}

Acknowledgments

This paper is founded by seed fund of Tsinghua University (Department of Computer Science and Technology)- Siemens Ltd., China Joint Research Center for Industrial Intelligence and Internet of Things.