Awesome
@metalsmith/collections
A Metalsmith plugin that lets you group files together into ordered collections, like blog posts. That way you can loop over them to generate index pages, add 'next' and 'previous' links between them, and more
Features
- can match files by
collection
file metadata - can match files by pattern
- can limit the number of files in a collection
- can filter files in a collection based on file metadata
- adds collections to global metadata
- adds
next
andprevious
references to each file in the collection
Installation
NPM:
npm install @metalsmith/collections
Yarn:
yarn add @metalsmith/collections
Usage
Pass options to @metalsmith/collections
in the plugin chain:
import Metalsmith from 'metalsmith'
import markdown from '@metalsmith/markdown'
import collections from '@metalsmith/collections'
import { dirname } from 'path'
const __dirname = dirname(new URL(import.meta.url).pathname)
// defaults, only create collections based on file metadata
Metalsmith(__dirname)
.use(markdown())
.use(collections())
// defaults for a "news" collection, except pattern option
Metalsmith(__dirname)
.use(markdown())
.use(collections({
news: { pattern: 'news/**/*.html' }
}))
// explicit defaults for a "news" collection, except pattern option
Metalsmith(__dirname)
.use(markdown())
.use(collections({
pattern: { pattern: 'news/**/*.html' },
metadata: null,
filterBy: () => true,
sortBy: defaultSort,
reverse: false,
limit: Infinity,
refer: true
})
Note: all examples in the readme use the same collections definitions under Defining collections
Options
All options are optional
- pattern
string|string[]
- one or more glob patterns to group files into a collection - filterBy
Function
- a function that returnsfalse
for files that should be filtered out of the collection - limit
number
- restrict the number of files in a collection to at mostlimit
- sortBy
string|Function
- a file metadata key to sort by (for exampledate
orpubdate
ortitle
), or a custom sort function - reverse
boolean
- whether the sort should be reversed (e.g., for a news/blog collection, you typically wantreverse: true
) - metadata
Object|string
- metadata to attach to the collection. Will be available asmetalsmith.metadata().collections.<name>.metadata
. This can be used for example to attach metadata for index pages. If a string is passed, it will be interpreted as a file path to an externalJSON
orYAML
metadata file - refer
boolean
- will addprevious
andnext
keys to each file in a collection.true
by default
Defining collections
There are 2 ways to create collections & they can be used together:
-
by pattern - for example, this is how you would create multiple pattern-based collections, based on the folders
photos
,news
, andservices
:metalsmith.use( collections({ gallery: 'photos/**/*.{jpg,png}', news: { metadata: { title: 'Latest news', description: 'All the latest in politics & world news', slug: 'news' }, pattern: 'news/**/*.html', sortBy: 'pubdate', reverse: true }, services: 'services/**/*.html' }) )
-
by file metadata - add a
collection
property to the front-matter of each file that you want to add to a collection. The markdown file below will be included in thenews
collection even if it's not in thenews
folder (see previous example)something-happened.md
--- title: Something happened collection: news pubdate: 2021-12-01 layout: news.hbs --- ...contents
Note that you can also add the same file to multiple collections, which is useful for example if you want to use
@metalsmith/collections
as a category system:something-happened.md
title: Something happened collection: - news - category_politics - category_world pubdate: 2021-12-01 layout: news.hbs --- ...contents
Rendering collection items
Here is an example of using @metalsmith/layouts with jstransformer-handlebars to render the something-happened.md
news item, with links to the next and previous news items (using refer: true
options):
layouts/news.njk
<h1>{{ title }}</h1> {{!-- something-happened.md title --}}
<a href="/{{ collections.news.metadata.slug }}">Back to news</a> {{!-- news collection metadata.slug --}}
{{ contents | safe }}
<hr>
{{!-- previous & next are added by @metalsmith/collections --}}
{{#if previous}}
Read the previous news:
<a href="/{{ previous.path }}">{{ previous.title }}</a>
{{/if}}
{{#if next}}
Read the next news:
<a href="/{{ next.path }}">{{ next.title }}</a>
{{/if}}
Note: If you don't need the next
and previous
references, you can pass the option refer: false
Rendering collection index
All matched files are added to an array that is exposed as a key of metalsmith global metadata, for example the news
collection would be accessible at Metalsmith.metadata().collections.news
. Below is an example of how you could render an index page for the news
collection:
layouts/news-index.hbs
<h1>{{ title }}</h1> {{!-- news collection metadata.title --}}
<p>{{ description }}</p> {{!-- news collection metadata.description --}}
<hr>
{{!-- previous & next are added by @metalsmith/collections --}}
{{#if collections.news.length }}
<ul>
{{#each collections.news}}
<li>
<h3><a href="/{{path}}">{{ title }}</a></h3>
<p>{{ excerpt }}</p>
</li>
{{/each}}
</ul>
{{/each}}
{{else}}
No news at the moment...
{{/if}}
Custom sorting, filtering and limiting
You could define an order
property on a set of files and pass sortBy: "order"
to @metalsmith/collections
for example, or you could override the sort with a custom function (for example to do multi-level sorting). For instance, this function sorts the "subpages" collection by a numerical "index" property but places unindexed items last.
metalsmith.use(
collections({
subpages: {
sortBy: function (a, b) {
let aNum, bNum
aNum = +a.index
bNum = +b.index
// Test for NaN
if (aNum != aNum && bNum != bNum) return 0
if (aNum != aNum) return 1
if (bNum != bNum) return -1
// Normal comparison, want lower numbers first
if (aNum > bNum) return 1
if (bNum > aNum) return -1
return 0
}
}
})
)
Note: the sortBy
option also understands nested keypaths, e.g. display.order
The filterBy
function is passed a single argument which corresponds to each file's metadata. You can use the metadata to perform comparisons or carry out other decision-making logic. If the function you supply evaluates to true
, the file will be added to the collection. If it evaluates to false
, the file will not be added. The filterBy function below could work for a collection named thisYearsNews
as it would filter out all the items that are older than this year:
function filterBy(file) {
const today = new Date()
const pubdate = new Date(file.pubdate)
return pubdate.getFullYear() === today.getFullYear()
}
Add a limit
option to a collection config, for example to separate recent articles from archives:
metalsmith.use(
collections({
recentArticles: {
pattern: 'articles/**/*.html',
sortBy: 'date',
limit: 10
},
archives: {
pattern: 'archives/**/*.html',
sortBy: 'date'
}
})
)
Note: the collection is first sorted, reversed, filtered, and then limited, if applicable.
Collection Metadata
Additional metadata can be added to the collection object:
metalsmith.use(
collections({
news: {
metadata: {
title: 'Latest news',
description: 'All the latest in politics & world news',
slug: 'news'
}
}
})
)
Collection metadata can be loaded from a json
or yaml
file (path relative to Metalsmith.directory()
):
metalsmith.use(
collections({
articles: {
sortBy: 'date',
reverse: true,
metadata: 'path/to/file.json'
}
})
)
Debug
To log debug output, set the DEBUG
environment variable to @metalsmith/collections
:
Linux/Mac:
DEBUG=@metalsmith/collections
Windows:
set "DEBUG=@metalsmith/collections"
CLI Usage
Add the @metalsmith/collections
key to your metalsmith.json
plugins
key:
{
"plugins": [
{
"@metalsmith/collections": {
"articles": {
"sortBy": "date",
"reverse": true
}
}
}
]
}