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OpenDrop: an Open Source AirDrop Implementation

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OpenDrop is a command-line tool that allows sharing files between devices directly over Wi-Fi. Its unique feature is that it is protocol-compatible with Apple AirDrop which allows to share files with Apple devices running iOS and macOS. Currently (and probably also for the foreseeable future), OpenDrop only supports sending to Apple devices that are discoverable by everybody as the default contacts only mode requires Apple-signed certificates. We support contacts-only devices by using extracted AirDrop credentials (keys and certificates) from macOS via our keychain extractor.

Disclaimer

OpenDrop is experimental software and is the result of reverse engineering efforts by the Open Wireless Link project. Therefore, it does not support all features of AirDrop or might be incompatible with future AirDrop versions. OpenDrop is not affiliated with or endorsed by Apple Inc. Use this code at your own risk.

Requirements

To achieve compatibility with Apple AirDrop, OpenDrop requires the target platform to support a specific Wi-Fi link layer. In addition, it requires Python >=3.6 as well as several libraries.

Apple Wireless Direct Link. As AirDrop exclusively runs over Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL), OpenDrop is only supported on macOS or on Linux systems running an open re-implementation of AWDL such as OWL.

Libraries. OpenDrop relies on a current version of libarchive. macOS ships with a rather old version, so you will need to install a newer version, for example, via Homebrew:

brew install libarchive

OpenDrop automatically sets DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH to look for the Homebrew version. You may need to update the variable yourself if you install the libraries differently.

Linux distributions should ship with more up-to-date versions, so this won't be necessary.

Installation

Installation of the Python package release is straightforward using pip3:

pip3 install opendrop

You can also install the current development version by first cloning this repository, and then installing it via pip3:

git clone https://github.com/seemoo-lab/opendrop.git
pip3 install ./opendrop

Usage

We briefly explain how to send and receive files using opendrop. To see all command line options, run opendrop -h.

Sending a File or a Link

Sending a file is typically a two-step procedure. You first discover devices in proximity using the find command. Stop the process once you have found the receiver.

$ opendrop find
Looking for receivers. Press Ctrl+C to stop ...
Found  index 0  ID eccb2f2dcfe7  name John’s iPhone
Found  index 1  ID e63138ac6ba8  name Jane’s MacBook Pro

You can then send a file (or link, see below) using

$ opendrop send -r 0 -f /path/to/some/file
Asking receiver to accept ...
Receiver accepted
Uploading file ...
Uploading has been successful

Instead of the index, you can also use ID or name. OpenDrop will try to interpret the input in the order (1) index, (2) ID, and (3) name and fail if no match was found.

Sending a web link. Since v0.13, OpenDrop supports sending web links, i.e., URLs, so that receiving Apple devices will immediately open their browser upon accepting. (Note that OpenDrop receivers still only support receiving regular files.)

$ opendrop send -r 0 -f https://owlink.org --url

Receiving Files

Receiving is much easier. Simply use the receive command. OpenDrop will accept all incoming files automatically and put received files in the current directory.

$ opendrop receive

Current Limitations/TODOs

OpenDrop is the result of a research project and, thus, has several limitations (non-exhaustive list below). I do not have the capacity to work on them myself but am happy to provide assistance if somebody else want to take them on.

Our Papers

Authors

License

OpenDrop is licensed under the GNU General Public License v3.0.