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free5GC 5GC & UERANSIM UE / RAN Sample Configuration - Select UPF based on S-NSSAI

This describes a very simple configuration that uses free5GC and UERANSIM to select the UPF based on S-NSSAI.


Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network


<a id="toc"></a>

Table of Contents


<a id="overview"></a>

Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network

The following minimum configuration was set as a condition.

The built simulation environment is as follows.

<img src="./images/network-overview.png" title="./images/network-overview.png" width=1000px></img>

The 5GC / UE / RAN used are as follows.

Each VMs are as follows.

VM #SW & RoleIP addressOSMemory (Min)HDD (Min)
VM1free5GC 5GC C-Plane192.168.0.141/24 <br> 192.168.0.142/24 <br> 192.168.0.143/24Ubuntu 22.042GB20GB
VM2free5GC 5GC U-Plane1192.168.0.144/24Ubuntu 22.041GB20GB
VM3free5GC 5GC U-Plane2192.168.0.145/24Ubuntu 22.041GB20GB
VM4UERANSIM RAN (gNodeB)192.168.0.131/24Ubuntu 22.041GB10GB
VM5UERANSIM UE192.168.0.132/24Ubuntu 22.041GB10GB

AMF & SMF addresses are as follows.

NFIP addressIP address on SBISupported S-NSSAI
AMF192.168.0.141127.0.0.18SST:1, SD:0x000001 <br> SST:1, SD:0x000002
SMF1192.168.0.142127.0.0.2SST:1, SD:0x000001
SMF2192.168.0.143127.0.0.12SST:1, SD:0x000002

gNodeB Information (other information is default) is as follows.

IP addressSupported S-NSSAI
192.168.0.131SST:1, SD:0x000001 <br> SST:1, SD:0x000002

Subscriber Information (other information is default) is as follows.
Note. Please select OP or OPc according to the setting of UERANSIM UE configuration files.

UEIMSIDNNOP/OPcS-NSSAI
UE001010000000000internetOPcSST:1, SD:0x000001 <br> SST:1, SD:0x000002

I registered these information with the free5GC WebUI. In addition, 3GPP TS 35.208 "4.3 Test Sets" is published by 3GPP as test data for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions (MILENAGE).

Each DNs are as follows.

DNS-NSSAITUNnel interface of DNDNNTUNnel interface of UEU-Plane #
10.60.0.0/16SST:1 <br> SD:0x000001upfgtpinternetuesimtun0U-Plane1
10.61.0.0/16SST:1 <br> SD:0x000002upfgtpinternetuesimtun0U-Plane2

<a id="changes"></a>

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building free5GC and UERANSIM respectively.

<a id="changes_cp"></a>

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC C-Plane

--- amfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-03-30 10:35:10.534612278 +0900
+++ amfcfg.yaml 2024-03-30 10:48:03.417452740 +0900
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 configuration:
   amfName: AMF # the name of this AMF
   ngapIpList:  # the IP list of N2 interfaces on this AMF
-    - 127.0.0.18
+    - 192.168.0.141
   ngapPort: 38412 # the SCTP port listened by NGAP
   sbi: # Service-based interface information
     scheme: http # the protocol for sbi (http or https)
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@
   servedGuamiList: # Guami (Globally Unique AMF ID) list supported by this AMF
     # <GUAMI> = <MCC><MNC><AMF ID>
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       amfId: cafe00 # AMF identifier (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
   supportTaiList:  # the TAI (Tracking Area Identifier) list supported by this AMF
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       tac: 000001 # Tracking Area Code (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
   plmnSupportList: # the PLMNs (Public land mobile network) list supported by this AMF
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       snssaiList: # the S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) list supported by this AMF
         - sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-          sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
+          sd: 000001 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
         - sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-          sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
+          sd: 000002 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
   supportDnnList:  # the DNN (Data Network Name) list supported by this AMF
     - internet
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
--- ausfcfg.yaml.orig   2024-03-30 10:35:10.534612278 +0900
+++ ausfcfg.yaml        2024-03-30 10:48:53.470630936 +0900
@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
   nrfCertPem: cert/nrf.pem # NRF Certificate
   plmnSupportList: # the PLMNs (Public Land Mobile Network) list supported by this AUSF
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-    - mcc: 123 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 45  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   groupId: ausfGroup001 # ID for the group of the AUSF
   eapAkaSupiImsiPrefix: false # including "imsi-" prefix or not when using the SUPI to do EAP-AKA' authentication
 
--- nrfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-03-30 10:35:10.534612278 +0900
+++ nrfcfg.yaml 2024-03-31 12:34:36.380715909 +0900
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
       key: cert/nrf.key # NRF TLS Private key
     oauth: true
   DefaultPlmnId:
-    mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-    mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   serviceNameList: # the SBI services provided by this NRF, refer to TS 29.510
     - nnrf-nfm # Nnrf_NFManagement service
     - nnrf-disc # Nnrf_NFDiscovery service
info:
  version: 1.0.2
  description: NSSF initial local configuration

configuration:
  nssfName: NSSF
  sbi:
    scheme: http
    registerIPv4: 127.0.0.31
    bindingIPv4: 127.0.0.31
    port: 8000
    tls:
      pem: cert/nssf.pem
      key: cert/nssf.key
  serviceNameList:
    - nnssf-nsselection
    - nnssf-nssaiavailability
  nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000
  nrfCertPem: cert/nrf.pem
  supportedPlmnList:
    - mcc: 001
      mnc: 01
  supportedNssaiInPlmnList:
    - plmnId:
        mcc: 001
        mnc: 01
      supportedSnssaiList:
        - sst: 1
          sd: 000001
        - sst: 1
          sd: 000002
  nsiList:
    - snssai:
        sst: 1
        sd: 000001
      nsiInformationList:
        - nrfId: http://127.0.0.10:8000/nnrf-nfm/v1/nf-instances
          nsiId: 1
    - snssai:
        sst: 1
        sd: 000002
      nsiInformationList:
        - nrfId: http://127.0.0.10:8000/nnrf-nfm/v1/nf-instances
          nsiId: 2
  amfSetList:
    - amfSetId: 1
      amfList:
      nrfAmfSet: http://127.0.0.10:8000/nnrf-nfm/v1/nf-instances
      supportedNssaiAvailabilityData:
        - tai:
            plmnId:
              mcc: 001
              mnc: 01
            tac: 1
          supportedSnssaiList:
            - sst: 1
              sd: 000001
            - sst: 1
              sd: 000002
  taList:
    - tai:
        plmnId:
          mcc: 001
          mnc: 01
        tac: 1
      accessType: 3GPP_ACCESS
      supportedSnssaiList:
        - sst: 1
          sd: 000001
        - sst: 1
          sd: 000002

logger:
  enable: true
  level: info
  reportCaller: false
--- smfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-03-30 10:35:10.535609025 +0900
+++ smfcfg1.yaml        2024-03-30 11:38:45.423548870 +0900
@@ -19,60 +19,42 @@
   snssaiInfos: # the S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) list supported by this AMF
     - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
         sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-        sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
+        sd: 000001 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
       dnnInfos: # DNN information list
         - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
           dns: # the IP address of DNS
             ipv4: 8.8.8.8
-            ipv6: 2001:4860:4860::8888
-    - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
-        sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-        sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
-      dnnInfos: # DNN information list
-        - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
-          dns: # the IP address of DNS
-            ipv4: 8.8.8.8
-            ipv6: 2001:4860:4860::8888
   plmnList: # the list of PLMN IDs that this SMF belongs to (optional, remove this key when unnecessary)
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   locality: area1 # Name of the location where a set of AMF, SMF, PCF and UPFs are located
   pfcp: # the IP address of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
     # addr config is deprecated in smf config v1.0.3, please use the following config
-    nodeID: 127.0.0.1 # the Node ID of this SMF
-    listenAddr: 127.0.0.1 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
-    externalAddr: 127.0.0.1 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
+    nodeID: 192.168.0.142 # the Node ID of this SMF
+    listenAddr: 192.168.0.142 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
+    externalAddr: 192.168.0.142 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
   userplaneInformation: # list of userplane information
     upNodes: # information of userplane node (AN or UPF)
       gNB1: # the name of the node
         type: AN # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
       UPF: # the name of the node
         type: UPF # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
-        nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # the Node ID of this UPF
-        addr: 127.0.0.8 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
+        nodeID: 192.168.0.144 # the Node ID of this UPF
+        addr: 192.168.0.144 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
         sNssaiUpfInfos: # S-NSSAI information list for this UPF
           - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
               sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-              sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
+              sd: 000001 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
             dnnUpfInfoList: # DNN information list for this S-NSSAI
               - dnn: internet
                 pools:
                   - cidr: 10.60.0.0/16
                 staticPools:
                   - cidr: 10.60.100.0/24
-          - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
-              sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-              sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
-            dnnUpfInfoList: # DNN information list for this S-NSSAI
-              - dnn: internet
-                pools:
-                  - cidr: 10.61.0.0/16
-                staticPools:
-                  - cidr: 10.61.100.0/24
         interfaces: # Interface list for this UPF
           - interfaceType: N3 # the type of the interface (N3 or N9)
             endpoints: # the IP address of this N3/N9 interface on this UPF
-              - 127.0.0.8
+              - 192.168.0.144
             networkInstances: # Data Network Name (DNN)
               - internet
     links: # the topology graph of userplane, A and B represent the two nodes of each link
@@ -93,6 +75,7 @@
   urrPeriod: 10 # default usage report period in seconds
   urrThreshold: 1000 # default usage report threshold in bytes
   requestedUnit: 1000
+  ulcl: false
 logger: # log output setting
   enable: true # true or false
   level: info # how detailed to output, value: trace, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, panic
--- smfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-03-30 10:35:10.535609025 +0900
+++ smfcfg2.yaml        2024-03-30 11:38:02.436216219 +0900
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
   smfName: SMF # the name of this SMF
   sbi: # Service-based interface information
     scheme: http # the protocol for sbi (http or https)
-    registerIPv4: 127.0.0.2 # IP used to register to NRF
-    bindingIPv4: 127.0.0.2 # IP used to bind the service
+    registerIPv4: 127.0.0.12 # IP used to register to NRF
+    bindingIPv4: 127.0.0.12 # IP used to bind the service
     port: 8000 # Port used to bind the service
     tls: # the local path of TLS key
       key: cert/smf.key # SMF TLS Certificate
@@ -19,50 +19,32 @@
   snssaiInfos: # the S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) list supported by this AMF
     - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
         sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-        sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
+        sd: 000002 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
       dnnInfos: # DNN information list
         - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
           dns: # the IP address of DNS
             ipv4: 8.8.8.8
-            ipv6: 2001:4860:4860::8888
-    - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
-        sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-        sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
-      dnnInfos: # DNN information list
-        - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
-          dns: # the IP address of DNS
-            ipv4: 8.8.8.8
-            ipv6: 2001:4860:4860::8888
   plmnList: # the list of PLMN IDs that this SMF belongs to (optional, remove this key when unnecessary)
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   locality: area1 # Name of the location where a set of AMF, SMF, PCF and UPFs are located
   pfcp: # the IP address of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
     # addr config is deprecated in smf config v1.0.3, please use the following config
-    nodeID: 127.0.0.1 # the Node ID of this SMF
-    listenAddr: 127.0.0.1 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
-    externalAddr: 127.0.0.1 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
+    nodeID: 192.168.0.143 # the Node ID of this SMF
+    listenAddr: 192.168.0.143 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
+    externalAddr: 192.168.0.143 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
   userplaneInformation: # list of userplane information
     upNodes: # information of userplane node (AN or UPF)
       gNB1: # the name of the node
         type: AN # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
       UPF: # the name of the node
         type: UPF # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
-        nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # the Node ID of this UPF
-        addr: 127.0.0.8 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
+        nodeID: 192.168.0.145 # the Node ID of this UPF
+        addr: 192.168.0.145 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
         sNssaiUpfInfos: # S-NSSAI information list for this UPF
           - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
               sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-              sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
-            dnnUpfInfoList: # DNN information list for this S-NSSAI
-              - dnn: internet
-                pools:
-                  - cidr: 10.60.0.0/16
-                staticPools:
-                  - cidr: 10.60.100.0/24
-          - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
-              sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-              sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
+              sd: 000002 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
             dnnUpfInfoList: # DNN information list for this S-NSSAI
               - dnn: internet
                 pools:
@@ -72,7 +54,7 @@
         interfaces: # Interface list for this UPF
           - interfaceType: N3 # the type of the interface (N3 or N9)
             endpoints: # the IP address of this N3/N9 interface on this UPF
-              - 127.0.0.8
+              - 192.168.0.145
             networkInstances: # Data Network Name (DNN)
               - internet
     links: # the topology graph of userplane, A and B represent the two nodes of each link
@@ -93,6 +75,7 @@
   urrPeriod: 10 # default usage report period in seconds
   urrThreshold: 1000 # default usage report threshold in bytes
   requestedUnit: 1000
+  ulcl: false
 logger: # log output setting
   enable: true # true or false
   level: info # how detailed to output, value: trace, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, panic

<a id="changes_up1"></a>

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC U-Plane1

--- upfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-03-30 11:20:35.082415729 +0900
+++ upfcfg.yaml 2024-03-30 11:25:49.066076840 +0900
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 # The listen IP and nodeID of the N4 interface on this UPF (Can't set to 0.0.0.0)
 pfcp:
-  addr: 127.0.0.8   # IP addr for listening
-  nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
+  addr: 192.168.0.144   # IP addr for listening
+  nodeID: 192.168.0.144 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
   retransTimeout: 1s # retransmission timeout
   maxRetrans: 3 # the max number of retransmission
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
   # The IP list of the N3/N9 interfaces on this UPF
   # If there are multiple connection, set addr to 0.0.0.0 or list all the addresses
   ifList:
-    - addr: 127.0.0.8
+    - addr: 192.168.0.144
       type: N3
       # name: upf.5gc.nctu.me
       # ifname: gtpif
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 # The DNN list supported by UPF
 dnnList:
   - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
-    cidr: 10.60.0.0/24 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
+    cidr: 10.60.0.0/16 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
     # natifname: eth0
 
 logger: # log output setting

<a id="changes_up2"></a>

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC U-Plane2

--- upfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-03-30 11:20:35.082415729 +0900
+++ upfcfg.yaml 2024-03-30 11:35:08.624145608 +0900
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 # The listen IP and nodeID of the N4 interface on this UPF (Can't set to 0.0.0.0)
 pfcp:
-  addr: 127.0.0.8   # IP addr for listening
-  nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
+  addr: 192.168.0.145   # IP addr for listening
+  nodeID: 192.168.0.145 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
   retransTimeout: 1s # retransmission timeout
   maxRetrans: 3 # the max number of retransmission
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
   # The IP list of the N3/N9 interfaces on this UPF
   # If there are multiple connection, set addr to 0.0.0.0 or list all the addresses
   ifList:
-    - addr: 127.0.0.8
+    - addr: 192.168.0.145
       type: N3
       # name: upf.5gc.nctu.me
       # ifname: gtpif
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 # The DNN list supported by UPF
 dnnList:
   - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
-    cidr: 10.60.0.0/24 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
+    cidr: 10.61.0.0/16 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
     # natifname: eth0
 
 logger: # log output setting

<a id="changes_ueransim"></a>

Changes in configuration files of UERANSIM UE / RAN

<a id="changes_ran"></a>

Changes in configuration files of RAN (gNodeB)

--- free5gc-gnb.yaml.orig       2021-02-11 11:03:28.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-gnb.yaml    2022-08-12 18:37:46.000000000 +0900
@@ -1,23 +1,25 @@
-mcc: '208'          # Mobile Country Code value
-mnc: '93'           # Mobile Network Code value (2 or 3 digits)
+mcc: '001'          # Mobile Country Code value
+mnc: '01'           # Mobile Network Code value (2 or 3 digits)
 
 nci: '0x000000010'  # NR Cell Identity (36-bit)
 idLength: 32        # NR gNB ID length in bits [22...32]
 tac: 1              # Tracking Area Code
 
-linkIp: 127.0.0.1   # gNB's local IP address for Radio Link Simulation (Usually same with local IP)
-ngapIp: 127.0.0.1   # gNB's local IP address for N2 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
-gtpIp: 127.0.0.1    # gNB's local IP address for N3 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
+linkIp: 192.168.0.131   # gNB's local IP address for Radio Link Simulation (Usually same with local IP)
+ngapIp: 192.168.0.131   # gNB's local IP address for N2 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
+gtpIp: 192.168.0.131    # gNB's local IP address for N3 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
 
 # List of AMF address information
 amfConfigs:
-  - address: 127.0.0.1
+  - address: 192.168.0.141
     port: 38412
 
 # List of supported S-NSSAIs by this gNB
 slices:
-  - sst: 0x1
-    sd: 0x010203
+  - sst: 1
+    sd: 0x000001
+  - sst: 1
+    sd: 0x000002
 
 # Indicates whether or not SCTP stream number errors should be ignored.
 ignoreStreamIds: true

<a id="changes_ue_sd1"></a>

Changes in configuration files of UE[SST:1, SD:0x000001] (IMSI-001010000000000)

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2024-03-02 20:20:59.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue-sd1.yaml 2024-03-30 11:54:34.811176230 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000001'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000000'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 # SUCI Protection Scheme : 0 for Null-scheme, 1 for Profile A and 2 for Profile B
 protectionScheme: 0
 # Home Network Public Key for protecting with SUCI Profile A
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
   - type: 'IPv4'
     apn: 'internet'
     slice:
-      sst: 0x01
-      sd: 0x010203
+      sst: 1
+      sd: 0x000001
 
 # Configured NSSAI for this UE by HPLMN
 configured-nssai:
-  - sst: 0x01
-    sd: 0x010203
+  - sst: 1
+    sd: 0x000001
 
 # Default Configured NSSAI for this UE
 default-nssai:
   - sst: 1
-    sd: 1
+    sd: 0x000001
 
 # Supported integrity algorithms by this UE
 integrity:

<a id="changes_ue_sd2"></a>

Changes in configuration files of UE[SST:1, SD:0x000002] (IMSI-001010000000000)

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2024-03-02 20:20:59.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue-sd2.yaml 2024-03-30 11:55:32.709906002 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000001'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000000'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 # SUCI Protection Scheme : 0 for Null-scheme, 1 for Profile A and 2 for Profile B
 protectionScheme: 0
 # Home Network Public Key for protecting with SUCI Profile A
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:
@@ -49,18 +49,18 @@
   - type: 'IPv4'
     apn: 'internet'
     slice:
-      sst: 0x01
-      sd: 0x010203
+      sst: 1
+      sd: 0x000002
 
 # Configured NSSAI for this UE by HPLMN
 configured-nssai:
-  - sst: 0x01
-    sd: 0x010203
+  - sst: 1
+    sd: 0x000002
 
 # Default Configured NSSAI for this UE
 default-nssai:
   - sst: 1
-    sd: 1
+    sd: 0x000002
 
 # Supported integrity algorithms by this UE
 integrity:

<a id="network_settings"></a>

Network settings of free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN

<a id="network_settings_cp"></a>

Network settings of free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Add IP addresses for SMF1 and SMF2.

ip addr add 192.168.0.142/24 dev enp0s8
ip addr add 192.168.0.143/24 dev enp0s8

Note. enp0s8 is the network interface of 192.168.0.0/24 in my VirtualBox environment. Please change it according to your environment.

<a id="network_settings_up1"></a>

Network settings of free5GC 5GC U-Plane1

First, uncomment the next line in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and reflect it in the OS.

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# sysctl -p

Next, configure NAPT.

# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.60.0.0/16 ! -o upfgtp -j MASQUERADE

<a id="network_settings_up2"></a>

Network settings of free5GC 5GC U-Plane2

First, uncomment the next line in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and reflect it in the OS.

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# sysctl -p

Next, configure NAPT.

# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.61.0.0/16 ! -o upfgtp -j MASQUERADE

<a id="build"></a>

Build free5GC and UERANSIM

Note. It is recommended to use go1.18.x according to the commit to free5gc/openapi on 2022.10.26.

Please refer to the following for building free5GC and UERANSIM respectively.

Install MongoDB on free5GC 5GC C-Plane machine. It is not necessary to install MongoDB on free5GC 5GC U-Plane machines. MongoDB Compass is a convenient tool to look at the MongoDB database.

Note. The installation guide also includes instructions on building the latest committed version.

<a id="run"></a>

Run free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN

First run the 5GC, then UERANSIM (UE & RAN implementation).

<a id="run_up"></a>

Run free5GC 5GC U-Plane1 & U-Plane2

First, run free5GC 5GC U-Planes. Please see here for the reason.
Note. It was improved on 2022.11.08, and you don't have to worry about the startup order of C-Plane and U-Plane.

# cd free5gc
# bin/upf
# cd free5gc
# bin/upf

Then run tcpdump on one more terminal for each U-Plane.

# tcpdump -i upfgtp -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on upfgtp, link-type RAW (Raw IP), capture size 262144 bytes
# tcpdump -i upfgtp -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on upfgtp, link-type RAW (Raw IP), capture size 262144 bytes

<a id="run_cp"></a>

Run free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Next, run free5GC 5GC C-Plane.

Create the following shell script and run it.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

PID_LIST=()

NF_LIST1="smf"
NF_LIST2="amf udr pcf udm nssf ausf chf"

export GIN_MODE=release

./bin/nrf &
PID_LIST+=($!)
sleep 1

for NF in ${NF_LIST1}; do
    ./bin/${NF} -c config/${NF}cfg1.yaml &
    PID_LIST+=($!)
    sleep 1
    ./bin/${NF} -c config/${NF}cfg2.yaml &
    PID_LIST+=($!)
    sleep 1
done

for NF in ${NF_LIST2}; do
    ./bin/${NF} &
    PID_LIST+=($!)
    sleep 1
done

function terminate()
{
    sudo kill -SIGTERM ${PID_LIST[${#PID_LIST[@]}-2]} ${PID_LIST[${#PID_LIST[@]}-1]}
    sleep 2
}

trap terminate SIGINT
wait ${PID_LIST}

<a id="run_ran"></a>

Run UERANSIM (gNodeB)

Please refer to the following for usage of UERANSIM.

https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Usage

# ./nr-gnb -c ../config/free5gc-gnb.yaml
UERANSIM v3.2.6
UERANSIM v3.2.6
[2024-03-31 14:32:35.459] [sctp] [info] Trying to establish SCTP connection... (192.168.0.141:38412)
[2024-03-31 14:32:35.471] [sctp] [info] SCTP connection established (192.168.0.141:38412)
[2024-03-31 14:32:35.472] [sctp] [debug] SCTP association setup ascId[4]
[2024-03-31 14:32:35.472] [ngap] [debug] Sending NG Setup Request
[2024-03-31 14:32:35.480] [ngap] [debug] NG Setup Response received
[2024-03-31 14:32:35.480] [ngap] [info] NG Setup procedure is successful

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2024-03-31T14:32:35.613978916+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap] [AMF] SCTP Accept from: 192.168.0.131:44155
2024-03-31T14:32:35.616136448+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap] Create a new NG connection for: 192.168.0.131:44155
2024-03-31T14:32:35.619055524+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle NGSetupRequest
2024-03-31T14:32:35.619526576+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send NG-Setup response

<a id="run_sd1"></a>

Run UERANSIM (UE[SST:1, SD:0x000001])

Confirm that the packet goes through the DN of U-Plane1 based on SST:1 and SD:0x000001.

<a id="con_sd1"></a>

UE connects to U-Plane1 based on SST:1 and SD:0x000001

# ./nr-ue -c ../config/free5gc-ue-sd1.yaml
UERANSIM v3.2.6
[2024-03-31 14:33:24.236] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PLMN-SEARCH]
[2024-03-31 14:33:24.238] [rrc] [debug] New signal detected for cell[1], total [1] cells in coverage
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.332] [nas] [info] Selected plmn[001/01]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.333] [rrc] [info] Selected cell plmn[001/01] tac[1] category[SUITABLE]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.333] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PS]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.334] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.336] [nas] [debug] Initial registration required due to [MM-DEREG-NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.337] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.338] [nas] [debug] Sending Initial Registration
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.339] [rrc] [debug] Sending RRC Setup Request
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.339] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTER-INITIATED]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.341] [rrc] [info] RRC connection established
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.342] [rrc] [info] UE switches to state [RRC-CONNECTED]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.342] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [CM-CONNECTED]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.462] [nas] [debug] Authentication Request received
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.463] [nas] [debug] Received SQN [000000000029]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.463] [nas] [debug] SQN-MS [000000000000]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.489] [nas] [debug] Security Mode Command received
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.489] [nas] [debug] Selected integrity[2] ciphering[0]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.650] [nas] [debug] Registration accept received
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.650] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.651] [nas] [debug] Sending Registration Complete
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.651] [nas] [info] Initial Registration is successful
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.651] [nas] [debug] Sending PDU Session Establishment Request
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.651] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2024-03-31 14:33:25.864] [nas] [debug] Configuration Update Command received
[2024-03-31 14:33:26.064] [nas] [debug] PDU Session Establishment Accept received
[2024-03-31 14:33:26.068] [nas] [info] PDU Session establishment is successful PSI[1]
[2024-03-31 14:33:26.091] [app] [info] Connection setup for PDU session[1] is successful, TUN interface[uesimtun0, 10.60.0.1] is up.

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2024-03-31T14:33:25.088115022+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle InitialUEMessage
2024-03-31T14:33:25.088965374+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] New RanUe [RanUeNgapID:1][AmfUeNgapID:1]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.089762670+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] 5GSMobileIdentity ["SUCI":"suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000", err: <nil>]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.094747889+09:00 [INFO][AMF][CTX] New AmfUe [supi:][guti:00101cafe0000000001]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.095976700+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Deregistered] to [Deregistered]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.096824835+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Handle Registration Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.097668663+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] RegistrationType: Initial Registration
2024-03-31T14:33:25.098174885+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] MobileIdentity5GS: SUCI[suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.098914874+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Start Authentication], transition from [Deregistered] to [Authentication]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.099724798+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Authentication procedure
2024-03-31T14:33:25.102595164+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.110078598+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.121425079+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.125415299+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.128478672+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=AUSF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.130440903+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.138175600+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.148246624+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.152202800+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] HandleUeAuthPostRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.152578557+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Serving network authorized
2024-03-31T14:33:25.153869355+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.156453585+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.161618187+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.163494550+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.165541002+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AUSF&service-names=nudm-ueau&target-nf-type=UDM |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.166460301+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.167890339+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.173761324+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.176500798+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle GenerateAuthDataRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.177467387+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.179372150+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.184018940+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.184508119+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] suciPart: [suci 0 001 01 0000 0 0 0000000000]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.184652722+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] scheme 0
2024-03-31T14:33:25.185041153+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] SUPI type is IMSI
http://127.0.0.10:8000
2024-03-31T14:33:25.186659449+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.188257329+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.191550533+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.192906329+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.193824484+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=UDM&target-nf-type=UDR |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.195836136+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QueryAuthSubsData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.197821789+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.198916015+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Nil Op
2024-03-31T14:33:25.200676192+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ModifyAuthentication
2024-03-31T14:33:25.202377435+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PATCH   | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.202750303+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000/security-information/generate-auth-data |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.203225544+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Add SuciSupiPair (suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000, imsi-001010000000000) to map.
2024-03-31T14:33:25.203292442+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Use 5G AKA auth method
2024-03-31T14:33:25.203326835+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] XresStar = 3537383366386463356535653734663130643766326331616662343638343665
2024-03-31T14:33:25.203434249+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.203893506+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Send Authentication Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.204022069+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.204361698+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Start T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:33:25.206143550+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.206252973+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:33:25.206521998+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Authentication] to [Authentication]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.206613993+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Handle Authentication Response
2024-03-31T14:33:25.206774119+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Stop T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:33:25.207665316+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.209154180+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.212251428+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.213704773+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] Auth5gAkaComfirmRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.213812316+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] res*: 3537383366386463356535653734663130643766326331616662343638343665
Xres*: 3537383366386463356535653734663130643766326331616662343638343665
2024-03-31T14:33:25.214357303+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] 5G AKA confirmation succeeded
2024-03-31T14:33:25.215023405+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.215918843+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.219530249+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.220973539+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle ConfirmAuthDataRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.221750909+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.223053987+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.226037716+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.227701119+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle CreateAuthenticationStatus
2024-03-31T14:33:25.228722108+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-status |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.229005047+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/imsi-001010000000000/auth-events |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.229478185+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000/5g-aka-confirmation |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.229806335+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Authentication Success], transition from [Authentication] to [SecurityMode]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.229895623+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Security Mode Command
2024-03-31T14:33:25.229949006+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.230534523+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:33:25.233129711+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.233321121+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:33:25.233531032+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [SecurityMode] to [SecurityMode]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.233622490+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Security Mode Complete
2024-03-31T14:33:25.233780025+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:33:25.234353619+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[SecurityMode Success], transition from [SecurityMode] to [ContextSetup]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.234446310+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle InitialRegistration
2024-03-31T14:33:25.235277766+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.236887896+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.239686829+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.240727493+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.241995027+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=UDM |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.242500658+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.243865957+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.247334095+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.249406350+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetNssai
2024-03-31T14:33:25.251867730+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.253301358+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.257072067+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.259986642+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QueryAmData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.260702610+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/am-data |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.261151554+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/nssai?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.261558079+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] RequestedNssai: &{Iei:47 Len:5 Buffer:[4 1 0 0 1]}
2024-03-31T14:33:25.261751467+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] RequestedNssai - ServingSnssai: &{Sst:1 Sd:000001}, HomeSnssai: <nil>
2024-03-31T14:33:25.262739548+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.264084489+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.266566225+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.267857087+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.268890237+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=UDM |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.269625895+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.270795006+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.274124479+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.275809066+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UECM] Handle RegistrationAmf3gppAccess
2024-03-31T14:33:25.275916207+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UECM] UEID: imsi-001010000000000
2024-03-31T14:33:25.276715742+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.278179598+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.281402964+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.282992718+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle CreateAmfContext3gpp
2024-03-31T14:33:25.284170409+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/amf-3gpp-access |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.284567517+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudm-uecm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/registrations/amf-3gpp-access |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.286015448+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.287369108+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.290979011+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.292421833+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetAmData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.292992699+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.294091841+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.297291656+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.298559574+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QueryAmData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.299198175+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/am-data?supported-features=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.299615782+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/am-data?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.300877497+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.302442715+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.305708904+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.307086627+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmfSelectData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.307726504+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.308881247+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.311900625+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.313234782+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QuerySmfSelectData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.313849970+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/smf-selection-subscription-data |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.314195696+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/smf-select-data?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.315606564+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.316928006+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.320455222+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.321816585+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetUeContextInSmfData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.322329889+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.323477313+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.326520499+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.328005304+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QuerySmfRegList
2024-03-31T14:33:25.328529424+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/smf-registrations |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.329068050+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/ue-context-in-smf-data |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.330034308+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.332585109+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.337116647+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.338858598+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle Subscribe
2024-03-31T14:33:25.339651913+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.340796933+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.343900715+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.345238141+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle CreateSdmSubscriptions
2024-03-31T14:33:25.345544261+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/sdm-subscriptions |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.345867922+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/sdm-subscriptions |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.347066031+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.348362187+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.350978153+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.351986988+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.353180835+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=PCF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.353865747+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.355046918+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.358502065+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.360901509+09:00 [INFO][PCF][AmPol] Handle AM Policy Create Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.361590868+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.362888948+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.365515093+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.366435407+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.367301328+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=UDR |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.367859095+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.369064477+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.372216214+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.373652866+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle PolicyDataUesUeIdAmDataGet
2024-03-31T14:33:25.374174168+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000000/am-data |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.375221610+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.376667692+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.379198327+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.380154380+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.381499728+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?guami=%7B%22plmnId%22%3A%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D%2C%22amfId%22%3A%22cafe00%22%7D&requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=AMF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.382031733+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.383291697+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.386964870+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.388478108+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Comm] Handle AMF Status Change Subscribe Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.388798918+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Comm] new AMF Status Subscription[1]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.388990867+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/subscriptions |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.389523418+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-am-policy-control/v1/policies |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.390152203+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Registration Accept
2024-03-31T14:33:25.390358693+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Initial Context Setup Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.391806802+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3550 timer
2024-03-31T14:33:25.392696523+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle InitialContextSetupResponse
2024-03-31T14:33:25.392857592+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle InitialContextSetupResponse (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:33:25.597250377+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.598110235+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:33:25.598933972+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [ContextSetup] to [ContextSetup]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.599561239+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Registration Complete
2024-03-31T14:33:25.599851641+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3550 timer
2024-03-31T14:33:25.600771321+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Configuration Update Command
2024-03-31T14:33:25.601511037+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.604972629+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[ContextSetup Success], transition from [ContextSetup] to [Registered]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.608479756+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.609107330+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:33:25.609823045+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Registered] to [Registered]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.610377994+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle UL NAS Transport
2024-03-31T14:33:25.611204168+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Transport 5GSM Message to SMF
2024-03-31T14:33:25.611514400+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Select SMF [snssai: {Sst:1 Sd:000001}, dnn: internet]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.614810980+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.621361214+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.632020267+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.635493839+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.638764720+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=NSSF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.640276581+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.643602128+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.652056033+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.655584021+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][NsSel] Handle NSSelectionGet
2024-03-31T14:33:25.656324736+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnssf-nsselection/v1/network-slice-information?nf-id=999e958e-0baf-4d09-9500-4e250eb56d4f&nf-type=AMF&slice-info-request-for-pdu-session=%7B%22sNssai%22%3A%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000001%22%7D%2C%22roamingIndication%22%3A%22NON_ROAMING%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.659771127+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.665049922+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.671454039+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.673083676+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.675333367+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?dnn=internet&preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&service-names=nsmf-pdusession&snssais=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000001%22%7D&target-nf-type=SMF&target-plmn-list=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.676116547+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.678155258+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.682901528+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.685633648+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Create SM Context Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.686557131+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] In HandlePDUSessionSMContextCreate
2024-03-31T14:33:25.686811101+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] UrrPeriod: 10s
2024-03-31T14:33:25.686942478+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] UrrThreshold: 1000
2024-03-31T14:33:25.687866752+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.689444842+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.693068968+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.694646492+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.696319619+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=UDM |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.696812628+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Send NF Discovery Serving UDM Successfully
2024-03-31T14:33:25.697396304+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.698502967+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.702648033+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.704183694+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.705174983+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.706559493+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.710080861+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.710480738+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] getSmDataProcedure: SUPI[imsi-001010000000000] PLMNID[00101] DNN[internet] SNssai[{"sst":1,"sd":"000001"}]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.711948888+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QuerySmData
2024-03-31T14:33:25.712909765+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/sm-data?single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000001%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.713345311+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/sm-data?dnn=internet&plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D&single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000001%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.713917881+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] In HandlePDUSessionEstablishmentRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25+09:00 [INFO][NAS][Convert] ProtocolOrContainerList:  [0xc000308600 0xc000308620]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.713987092+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Protocol Configuration Options
2024-03-31T14:33:25.714008986+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] &{[0xc000308600 0xc000308620]}
2024-03-31T14:33:25.714023376+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Didn't Implement container type IPAddressAllocationViaNASSignallingUL
2024-03-31T14:33:25.714451415+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.715831447+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.718508801+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.719692101+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.720898998+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-instance-id=999e958e-0baf-4d09-9500-4e250eb56d4f&target-nf-type=AMF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.721327340+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Consumer] SendNFDiscoveryServingAMF ok
2024-03-31T14:33:25.721660858+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Allocated UE IP address: 10.60.0.1
2024-03-31T14:33:25.721837919+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Selected UPF: UPF
2024-03-31T14:33:25.721987480+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Allocated PDUAdress[10.60.0.1]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.722923154+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.723875111+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.726631322+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.727532962+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.728696165+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=PCF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.729295007+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.730286497+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.733544209+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.734750615+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Handle CreateSmPolicy
2024-03-31T14:33:25.735352272+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.736552805+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.739585973+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.740897293+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle PolicyDataUesUeIdSmDataGet
2024-03-31T14:33:25.742008245+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000000/sm-data?dnn=internet&snssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000001%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.745198665+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.746527925+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.749667646+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.750893786+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ApplicationDataInfluenceDataGet
2024-03-31T14:33:25.751575562+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/application-data/influenceData?dnns=internet&internal-Group-Ids=&snssais=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000001%22%7D&supis=imsi-001010000000000 |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.751883453+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Matched [0] trafficInfluDatas from UDR
2024-03-31T14:33:25.753195898+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.755529353+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.759986663+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.761488180+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ApplicationDataInfluenceDataSubsToNotifyPost
2024-03-31T14:33:25.761677454+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v1/application-data/influenceData/subs-to-notify |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.762118769+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.763319973+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.765929441+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.767510208+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.768068199+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=BSF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.768818472+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-smpolicycontrol/v1/sm-policies |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.770529023+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] CHF Selection for SMContext SUPI[imsi-001010000000000] PDUSessionID[1]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.773179840+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.774305114+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.776880108+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.778133685+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.778954487+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=CHF |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.779276471+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Handle SendConvergedChargingRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.779676308+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.780632142+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.783729396+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.787733531+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] HandleChargingdataInitial
2024-03-31T14:33:25.787941166+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] SMF charging event
2024-03-31T14:33:25.788211987+09:00 [ERRO][CHF][ChargingPost] Charging gateway fail to send CDR to billing domain dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2122: connect: connection refused
2024-03-31T14:33:25.788385230+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] Open CDR for UE imsi-001010000000000
2024-03-31T14:33:25.788755924+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] NewChfUe imsi-001010000000000
2024-03-31T14:33:25.789234324+09:00 [INFO][CHF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nchf-convergedcharging/v3/chargingdata |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.789807350+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Send Charging Data Request[Init] successfully
2024-03-31T14:33:25.789990302+09:00 [ERRO][SMF][CTX] No default data path
2024-03-31T14:33:25.790239955+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Has no pre-config route. Has no default path
2024-03-31T14:33:25.790660289+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.790841785+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Sending PFCP Session Establishment Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.791752023+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] create smContext[pduSessionID: 1] Success
2024-03-31T14:33:25.794799304+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Establishment Accepted Response
2024-03-31T14:33:25.795944729+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.797448528+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.800834969+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.802817587+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Producer] Handle N1N2 Message Transfer Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.803057940+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send PDU Session Resource Setup Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.804102182+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/ue-contexts/imsi-001010000000000/n1-n2-messages |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.806341109+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse
2024-03-31T14:33:25.806490228+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:33:25.807245573+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.808736203+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:33:25.812146563+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:33:25.813889764+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Update SM Context Request
2024-03-31T14:33:25.815636774+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Modification Accepted Response from AN UPF
2024-03-31T14:33:25.815869086+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts/urn:uuid:29098c39-98d2-4ebe-881d-228e331991dd/modify |

The free5GC U-Plane1 log when executed is as follows.

2024-03-31T14:33:25.935801360+09:00 [INFO][UPF][PFCP][LAddr:192.168.0.144:8805] handleSessionEstablishmentRequest
2024-03-31T14:33:25.935835221+09:00 [INFO][UPF][PFCP][LAddr:192.168.0.144:8805][CPNodeID:192.168.0.142][CPSEID:0x1][UPSEID:0x1] New session
2024-03-31T14:33:25.936994929+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Perio] recv event[TYPE_PERIO_ADD][{eType:1 lSeid:1 urrid:1 period:10000000000}]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.937471064+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Perio] recv event[TYPE_PERIO_ADD][{eType:1 lSeid:1 urrid:2 period:10000000000}]
2024-03-31T14:33:25.958965488+09:00 [INFO][UPF][PFCP][LAddr:192.168.0.144:8805] handleSessionModificationRequest

The TUNnel interface uesimtun0 is created as follows.

# ip addr show
...
6: uesimtun0: <POINTOPOINT,PROMISC,NOTRAILERS,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 500
    link/none 
    inet 10.60.0.1/32 scope global uesimtun0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::b1bb:2d80:703c:a0fe/64 scope link stable-privacy 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...

<a id="ping_sd1"></a>

Ping google.com going through DN=10.60.0.0/16 on U-Plane1

Confirm by using tcpdump that the packet goes through if=upfgtp on U-Plane1.

# ping google.com -I uesimtun0 -n
PING google.com (172.217.175.110) from 10.60.0.1 uesimtun0: 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.217.175.110: icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=26.6 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.175.110: icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=24.1 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.175.110: icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=19.3 ms

The tcpdump log on U-Plane1 is as follows.

14:37:07.003862 IP 10.60.0.1 > 172.217.175.110: ICMP echo request, id 4, seq 1, length 64
14:37:07.027647 IP 172.217.175.110 > 10.60.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 4, seq 1, length 64
14:37:08.004848 IP 10.60.0.1 > 172.217.175.110: ICMP echo request, id 4, seq 2, length 64
14:37:08.026409 IP 172.217.175.110 > 10.60.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 4, seq 2, length 64
14:37:09.006869 IP 10.60.0.1 > 172.217.175.110: ICMP echo request, id 4, seq 3, length 64
14:37:09.023399 IP 172.217.175.110 > 10.60.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 4, seq 3, length 64

Note. Make sure the packet does not go through U-Plane2.

<a id="run_sd2"></a>

Run UERANSIM (UE[SST:1, SD:0x000002])

Then the UE disconnects from gNodeB and connects to gNodeB using the configuration file for SST:1 and SD:0x000002. Confirm that the packet goes through the DN of U-Plane2 based on SST:1 and SD:0x000002.

<a id="con_sd2"></a>

UE connects to U-Plane2 based on SST:1 and SD:0x000002

# ./nr-ue -c ../config/free5gc-ue-sd2.yaml 
UERANSIM v3.2.6
[2024-03-31 14:38:24.562] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PLMN-SEARCH]
[2024-03-31 14:38:24.565] [rrc] [debug] New signal detected for cell[1], total [1] cells in coverage
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.856] [nas] [info] Selected plmn[001/01]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.857] [rrc] [info] Selected cell plmn[001/01] tac[1] category[SUITABLE]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.858] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PS]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.859] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.859] [nas] [debug] Initial registration required due to [MM-DEREG-NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.860] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.860] [nas] [debug] Sending Initial Registration
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.861] [rrc] [debug] Sending RRC Setup Request
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.862] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTER-INITIATED]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.863] [rrc] [info] RRC connection established
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.864] [rrc] [info] UE switches to state [RRC-CONNECTED]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.865] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [CM-CONNECTED]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.984] [nas] [debug] Authentication Request received
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.985] [nas] [debug] Received SQN [00000000002A]
[2024-03-31 14:38:25.985] [nas] [debug] SQN-MS [000000000000]
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.021] [nas] [debug] Security Mode Command received
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.021] [nas] [debug] Selected integrity[2] ciphering[0]
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.051] [nas] [debug] Registration accept received
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.051] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.051] [nas] [debug] Sending Registration Complete
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.051] [nas] [info] Initial Registration is successful
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.051] [nas] [debug] Sending PDU Session Establishment Request
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.052] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.295] [nas] [debug] Configuration Update Command received
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.433] [nas] [debug] PDU Session Establishment Accept received
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.437] [nas] [info] PDU Session establishment is successful PSI[1]
[2024-03-31 14:38:26.460] [app] [info] Connection setup for PDU session[1] is successful, TUN interface[uesimtun0, 10.61.0.1] is up.

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2024-03-31T14:38:25.601264355+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle InitialUEMessage
2024-03-31T14:38:25.602299658+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] New RanUe [RanUeNgapID:2][AmfUeNgapID:2]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.603066736+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] 5GSMobileIdentity ["SUCI":"suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000", err: <nil>]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.603798296+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] find AmfUe ["SUCI":"suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000"]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.604445396+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Implicit Deregistration - RanUeNgapID[1]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.604955055+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send UE Context Release Command
2024-03-31T14:38:25.607106637+09:00 [WARN][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] AmfUe is nil
2024-03-31T14:38:25.610638214+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Registered] to [Registered]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.611556529+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Registration Request
2024-03-31T14:38:25.612398322+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] RegistrationType: Initial Registration
2024-03-31T14:38:25.613003580+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] MobileIdentity5GS: SUCI[suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.613909917+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Start Authentication], transition from [Registered] to [Authentication]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.614532055+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Authentication procedure
2024-03-31T14:38:25.617655208+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.624152664+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.634669912+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.638916599+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.642619708+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=AUSF |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.644816444+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.648845054+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.657328160+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.661814783+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] HandleUeAuthPostRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.662774861+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Serving network authorized
2024-03-31T14:38:25.664445845+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.666828668+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.674039253+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.676485289+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.679243463+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AUSF&service-names=nudm-ueau&target-nf-type=UDM |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.680548856+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.682764708+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.691289354+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.694854398+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle GenerateAuthDataRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.696301997+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.699272334+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.705635352+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.706216536+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] suciPart: [suci 0 001 01 0000 0 0 0000000000]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.706499880+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] scheme 0
2024-03-31T14:38:25.706781423+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] SUPI type is IMSI
2024-03-31T14:38:25.709266530+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QueryAuthSubsData
2024-03-31T14:38:25.710312779+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.710941981+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Nil Op
2024-03-31T14:38:25.712430185+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ModifyAuthentication
2024-03-31T14:38:25.715441090+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PATCH   | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.715883087+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000/security-information/generate-auth-data |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.716561687+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Add SuciSupiPair (suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000, imsi-001010000000000) to map.
2024-03-31T14:38:25.716600134+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Use 5G AKA auth method
2024-03-31T14:38:25.716621032+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] XresStar = 6136656431383939636136313436646565613035363239643432643662626663
2024-03-31T14:38:25.716686931+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.717028878+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Authentication Request
2024-03-31T14:38:25.717116287+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2024-03-31T14:38:25.717773993+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:38:25.719096890+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UEContextReleaseComplete
2024-03-31T14:38:25.719364881+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UEContextReleaseComplete (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2024-03-31T14:38:25.719700361+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Release UE Context : RanUe[AmfUeNgapId: 1]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.721557877+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:38:25.724148215+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 2)
2024-03-31T14:38:25.724470812+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Authentication] to [Authentication]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.725020334+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Authentication Response
2024-03-31T14:38:25.725255228+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:38:25.726251421+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.728386156+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.732597791+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.734293029+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] Auth5gAkaComfirmRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.734707484+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] res*: 6136656431383939636136313436646565613035363239643432643662626663
Xres*: 6136656431383939636136313436646565613035363239643432643662626663
2024-03-31T14:38:25.735232060+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] 5G AKA confirmation succeeded
2024-03-31T14:38:25.735937236+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.737151113+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.741255018+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.743481795+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle ConfirmAuthDataRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.744189487+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.745671658+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.749297019+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.750998840+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle CreateAuthenticationStatus
2024-03-31T14:38:25.752082141+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-status |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.752414362+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/imsi-001010000000000/auth-events |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.752796599+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000/5g-aka-confirmation |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.753078105+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Authentication Success], transition from [Authentication] to [SecurityMode]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.753480305+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Security Mode Command
2024-03-31T14:38:25.753564444+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2024-03-31T14:38:25.754114632+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:38:25.755885462+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:38:25.756001396+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 2)
2024-03-31T14:38:25.756292980+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [SecurityMode] to [SecurityMode]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.756384348+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Security Mode Complete
2024-03-31T14:38:25.756656762+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3560 timer
2024-03-31T14:38:25.756763430+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[SecurityMode Success], transition from [SecurityMode] to [ContextSetup]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.756950602+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle InitialRegistration
2024-03-31T14:38:25.757177979+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] RequestedNssai: &{Iei:47 Len:5 Buffer:[4 1 0 0 2]}
2024-03-31T14:38:25.757356856+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] RequestedNssai - ServingSnssai: &{Sst:1 Sd:000002}, HomeSnssai: <nil>
2024-03-31T14:38:25.758011381+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.760475743+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.763239962+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.765748093+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.767092046+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=PCF |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.767621959+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.768805685+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.772532197+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.774061506+09:00 [INFO][PCF][AmPol] Handle AM Policy Create Request
2024-03-31T14:38:25.774669704+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.775979669+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.779343239+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.780544856+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle PolicyDataUesUeIdAmDataGet
2024-03-31T14:38:25.781147061+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000000/am-data |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.781591434+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-am-policy-control/v1/policies |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.782004971+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Registration Accept
2024-03-31T14:38:25.782150059+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Initial Context Setup Request
2024-03-31T14:38:25.783806992+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3550 timer
2024-03-31T14:38:25.784814518+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle InitialContextSetupResponse
2024-03-31T14:38:25.784981308+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle InitialContextSetupResponse (RAN UE NGAP ID: 2)
2024-03-31T14:38:25.988843752+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:38:25.989132622+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 2)
2024-03-31T14:38:25.989361174+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [ContextSetup] to [ContextSetup]
2024-03-31T14:38:25.989468488+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Registration Complete
2024-03-31T14:38:25.989725414+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3550 timer
2024-03-31T14:38:25.990484830+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.992116493+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:25.995338504+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:25.997022749+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Release SM Context Request
2024-03-31T14:38:25.997312018+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] In HandlePDUSessionSMContextRelease
2024-03-31T14:38:25.997979919+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:25.999137817+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.004189818+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.005147167+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Handle DeleteSmPolicyContext
2024-03-31T14:38:26.006114948+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.007433602+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.010786647+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.012127787+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ApplicationDataInfluenceDataSubsToNotifySubscriptionIdDelete
2024-03-31T14:38:26.012366217+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | DELETE  | /nudr-dr/v1/application-data/influenceData/subs-to-notify/a4659a47 |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.012634023+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-smpolicycontrol/v1/sm-policies/imsi-001010000000000-1/delete |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.013024194+09:00 [WARN][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Unexpected state, expect: [InActive], actual:[Active]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.013252204+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Sending PFCP Session Deletion Request
2024-03-31T14:38:26.018428675+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Deletion Accepted Response
2024-03-31T14:38:26.018575763+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] build MultiUnitUsageFromUsageReport
2024-03-31T14:38:26.018864259+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Handle SendConvergedChargingRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.019522196+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.020856501+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.023972978+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.025484821+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] HandleChargingdateRelease
2024-03-31T14:38:26.025787477+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] Close CDR
2024-03-31T14:38:26.026103102+09:00 [INFO][CHF][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nchf-convergedcharging/v3/chargingdata/imsi-001010000000000SMF0/release |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.026470093+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Send Charging Data Request[Termination] successfully
2024-03-31T14:38:26.026581085+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts/urn:uuid:29098c39-98d2-4ebe-881d-228e331991dd/release |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.026913860+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] UE[imsi-001010000000000] PDUSessionID[1] Release IP[10.60.0.1]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.027162427+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] smContext[urn:uuid:29098c39-98d2-4ebe-881d-228e331991dd] is deleted from pool
2024-03-31T14:38:26.027026949+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Configuration Update Command
2024-03-31T14:38:26.027458963+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2024-03-31T14:38:26.028400885+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[ContextSetup Success], transition from [ContextSetup] to [Registered]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.031049660+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2024-03-31T14:38:26.031336255+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 2)
2024-03-31T14:38:26.031594649+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Registered] to [Registered]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.031687395+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle UL NAS Transport
2024-03-31T14:38:26.031879980+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Transport 5GSM Message to SMF
2024-03-31T14:38:26.032038419+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Select SMF [snssai: {Sst:1 Sd:000002}, dnn: internet]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.032991186+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.034579246+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.038202078+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.039718725+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][NsSel] Handle NSSelectionGet
2024-03-31T14:38:26.039925677+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnssf-nsselection/v1/network-slice-information?nf-id=999e958e-0baf-4d09-9500-4e250eb56d4f&nf-type=AMF&slice-info-request-for-pdu-session=%7B%22sNssai%22%3A%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000002%22%7D%2C%22roamingIndication%22%3A%22NON_ROAMING%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.041082419+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.042617238+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.045217109+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.046414006+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.047611719+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?dnn=internet&preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&service-names=nsmf-pdusession&snssais=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000002%22%7D&target-nf-type=SMF&target-plmn-list=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.048191233+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.050121480+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.054344387+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.057066836+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Create SM Context Request
2024-03-31T14:38:26.057842928+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] In HandlePDUSessionSMContextCreate
2024-03-31T14:38:26.058061413+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] UrrPeriod: 10s
2024-03-31T14:38:26.058234394+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] UrrThreshold: 1000
2024-03-31T14:38:26.058812766+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.060092043+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.062777516+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.063967442+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.065094686+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=UDM |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.065756930+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Send NF Discovery Serving UDM Successfully
2024-03-31T14:38:26.066156463+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.067162714+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.070796388+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.072142160+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmData
2024-03-31T14:38:26.072817226+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.073950881+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.077106102+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.077605416+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] getSmDataProcedure: SUPI[imsi-001010000000000] PLMNID[00101] DNN[internet] SNssai[{"sst":1,"sd":"000002"}]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.078772816+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle QuerySmData
2024-03-31T14:38:26.079446969+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/sm-data?single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000002%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.080115865+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/sm-data?dnn=internet&plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D&single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000002%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.080650274+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] In HandlePDUSessionEstablishmentRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26+09:00 [INFO][NAS][Convert] ProtocolOrContainerList:  [0xc0001d87a0 0xc0001d87c0]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.080693263+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Protocol Configuration Options
2024-03-31T14:38:26.080713538+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] &{[0xc0001d87a0 0xc0001d87c0]}
2024-03-31T14:38:26.080726723+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Didn't Implement container type IPAddressAllocationViaNASSignallingUL
2024-03-31T14:38:26.081268839+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.082649193+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.085238057+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.086243649+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.087382455+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-instance-id=999e958e-0baf-4d09-9500-4e250eb56d4f&target-nf-type=AMF |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.087866256+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Consumer] SendNFDiscoveryServingAMF ok
2024-03-31T14:38:26.088175033+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Allocated UE IP address: 10.61.0.1
2024-03-31T14:38:26.088357987+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Selected UPF: UPF
2024-03-31T14:38:26.088536186+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Allocated PDUAdress[10.61.0.1]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.088897317+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.089752357+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.092265042+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.093763972+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.094955107+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=PCF |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.095627132+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.096545037+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.100069522+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.101125914+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Handle CreateSmPolicy
2024-03-31T14:38:26.101813454+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.103005093+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.106111663+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.107365876+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle PolicyDataUesUeIdSmDataGet
2024-03-31T14:38:26.108411151+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000000/sm-data?dnn=internet&snssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000002%22%7D |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.110525784+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.111796167+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.114711864+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.116002681+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ApplicationDataInfluenceDataGet
2024-03-31T14:38:26.116430190+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/application-data/influenceData?dnns=internet&internal-Group-Ids=&snssais=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22000002%22%7D&supis=imsi-001010000000000 |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.116869799+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Matched [0] trafficInfluDatas from UDR
2024-03-31T14:38:26.117605546+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.118931035+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.122323803+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.123735922+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] Handle ApplicationDataInfluenceDataSubsToNotifyPost
2024-03-31T14:38:26.123907749+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v1/application-data/influenceData/subs-to-notify |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.124852408+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.126129547+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.128770270+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.129762069+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.130389899+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=BSF |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.130692852+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-smpolicycontrol/v1/sm-policies |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.131630176+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] CHF Selection for SMContext SUPI[imsi-001010000000000] PDUSessionID[1]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.132226340+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.134092719+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.136790608+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.139431751+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.140394758+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=CHF |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.140784896+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Handle SendConvergedChargingRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.141151562+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.142151022+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.145059920+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.147414733+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] HandleChargingdataInitial
2024-03-31T14:38:26.147724907+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] SMF charging event
2024-03-31T14:38:26.147967149+09:00 [ERRO][CHF][ChargingPost] Charging gateway fail to send CDR to billing domain dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2122: connect: connection refused
2024-03-31T14:38:26.148225709+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] Open CDR for UE imsi-001010000000000
2024-03-31T14:38:26.148367675+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] NewChfUe imsi-001010000000000
2024-03-31T14:38:26.148572380+09:00 [INFO][CHF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nchf-convergedcharging/v3/chargingdata |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.149209571+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Send Charging Data Request[Init] successfully
2024-03-31T14:38:26.149404274+09:00 [ERRO][SMF][CTX] No default data path
2024-03-31T14:38:26.149551781+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Has no pre-config route. Has no default path
2024-03-31T14:38:26.149860527+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.150226731+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Sending PFCP Session Establishment Request
2024-03-31T14:38:26.150913522+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] create smContext[pduSessionID: 1] Success
2024-03-31T14:38:26.153538025+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Establishment Accepted Response
2024-03-31T14:38:26.155380213+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.158400033+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.162043005+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.163642900+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Producer] Handle N1N2 Message Transfer Request
2024-03-31T14:38:26.163980447+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Send PDU Session Resource Setup Request
2024-03-31T14:38:26.164894632+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/ue-contexts/imsi-001010000000000/n1-n2-messages |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.167112682+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse
2024-03-31T14:38:26.167300188+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:2,AU:2(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:44155] Handle PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse (RAN UE NGAP ID: 2)
2024-03-31T14:38:26.167875268+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.169422873+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2024-03-31T14:38:26.172858321+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2024-03-31T14:38:26.174362264+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Update SM Context Request
2024-03-31T14:38:26.176902169+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Modification Accepted Response from AN UPF
2024-03-31T14:38:26.177166064+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts/urn:uuid:71c4ba19-0c13-4c31-a1c2-1ae76b12700a/modify |

The free5GC U-Plane2 log when executed is as follows.

2024-03-31T14:38:26.065181761+09:00 [INFO][UPF][PFCP][LAddr:192.168.0.145:8805] handleSessionEstablishmentRequest
2024-03-31T14:38:26.065242857+09:00 [INFO][UPF][PFCP][LAddr:192.168.0.145:8805][CPNodeID:192.168.0.143][CPSEID:0x1][UPSEID:0x1] New session
2024-03-31T14:38:26.066256880+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Perio] recv event[TYPE_PERIO_ADD][{eType:1 lSeid:1 urrid:2 period:10000000000}]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.066623400+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Perio] recv event[TYPE_PERIO_ADD][{eType:1 lSeid:1 urrid:1 period:10000000000}]
2024-03-31T14:38:26.089661944+09:00 [INFO][UPF][PFCP][LAddr:192.168.0.145:8805] handleSessionModificationRequest

The TUNnel interface uesimtun0 is created as follows.

# ip addr show
...
7: uesimtun0: <POINTOPOINT,PROMISC,NOTRAILERS,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 500
    link/none 
    inet 10.61.0.1/32 scope global uesimtun0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::63d9:cd3b:7d8d:d7c3/64 scope link stable-privacy 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...

<a id="ping_sd2"></a>

Ping google.com going through DN=10.61.0.0/16 on U-Plane2

Confirm by using tcpdump that the packet goes through if=upfgtp on U-Plane2.

# ping google.com -I uesimtun0 -n
PING google.com (172.217.161.78) from 10.61.0.1 uesimtun0: 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.217.161.78: icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=21.7 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.161.78: icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=19.6 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.161.78: icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=19.6 ms

The tcpdump log on U-Plane2 is as follows.

14:43:04.125640 IP 10.61.0.1 > 172.217.161.78: ICMP echo request, id 5, seq 1, length 64
14:43:04.145347 IP 172.217.161.78 > 10.61.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 5, seq 1, length 64
14:43:05.126865 IP 10.61.0.1 > 172.217.161.78: ICMP echo request, id 5, seq 2, length 64
14:43:05.143745 IP 172.217.161.78 > 10.61.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 5, seq 2, length 64
14:43:06.127314 IP 10.61.0.1 > 172.217.161.78: ICMP echo request, id 5, seq 3, length 64
14:43:06.144716 IP 172.217.161.78 > 10.61.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 5, seq 3, length 64

Note. Make sure the packet does not go through U-Plane1.


I was able to confirm the very simple configuration in which one UE connects to the UPF based on S-NSSAI. I would like to thank the excellent developers and all the contributors of free5GC and UERANSIM.

<a id="changelog"></a>

Changelog (summary)