Awesome
Introduction
hsparql
includes a DSL to easily create queries, as well as methods to
submit those queries to a SPARQL server, returning the results as
simple Haskell data structures.
Select Queries
Take the following SPARQL query:
PREFIX dbpedia: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
PREFIX dbprop: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
SELECT ?name ?page
WHERE {
?x dbprop:genre dbpedia:Web_browser
?x foaf:name ?name
?x foaf:page ?page
}
Can be generated using the following Haskell code:
simpleSelect :: Query SelectQuery
simpleSelect = do
resource <- prefix "dbpedia" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/resource/")
dbpprop <- prefix "dbprop" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/property/")
foaf <- prefix "foaf" (iriRef "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/")
x <- var
name <- var
page <- var
triple_ x (dbpprop .:. "genre") (resource .:. "Web_browser")
triple_ x (foaf .:. "name") name
triple_ x (foaf .:. "page") page
selectVars [name, page]
Construct Queries
Take the following SPARQL query:
PREFIX dbpedia: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
PREFIX dbprop: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX example: <http://www.example.com/>
CONSTRUCT {
?x example:hasName ?name
}
WHERE {
?x dbprop:genre dbpedia:Web_browser
?x foaf:name ?name
?x foaf:page ?page
}
Can be generated using the following Haskell code:
simpleConstruct :: Query ConstructQuery
simpleConstruct = do
resource <- prefix "dbpedia" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/resource/")
dbpprop <- prefix "dbprop" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/property/")
foaf <- prefix "foaf" (iriRef "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/")
example <- prefix "example" (iriRef "http://www.example.com/")
x <- var
name <- var
page <- var
construct <- constructTriple x (example .:. "hasName") name
triple_ x (dbpprop .:. "genre") (resource .:. "Web_browser")
triple_ x (foaf .:. "name") name
triple_ x (foaf .:. "page") page
return ConstructQuery { queryConstructs = [construct] }
Describe Queries
Take the following SPARQL query:
DESCRIBE <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Edinburgh>
Can be generated using the following Haskell code:
simpleDescribe :: Query DescribeQuery
simpleDescribe = do
resource <- prefix "dbpedia" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/resource/")
uri <- describeIRI (resource .:. "Edinburgh")
return DescribeQuery { queryDescribe = uri }
Ask Queries
Take the following SPARQL query:
PREFIX dbprop: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
ASK { ?x dbprop:genre <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Web_browser> }
Can be generated using the following Haskell code:
simpleAsk :: Query AskQuery
simpleAsk = do
resource <- prefix "dbpedia" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/resource/")
dbprop <- prefix "dbprop" (iriRef "http://dbpedia.org/property/")
x <- var
ask <- askTriple x (dbprop .:. "genre") (resource .:. "Web_browser")
return AskQuery { queryAsk = [ask] }
Output Types
Select Queries
SELECT
queries generate a set of sparql query solutions. See:
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-XMLres/
selectExample :: IO ()
selectExample = do
(Just s) <- selectQuery "http://dbpedia.org/sparql" simpleSelect
putStrLn . take 500 . show $ s
Here's the respective type:
selectQuery :: EndPoint -> Query SelectQuery -> IO (Maybe [[BindingValue]])
Construct Queries
CONSTRUCT
queries generate RDF, which is serialized in N3 in this
package. See: http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-primer/#rdfxml
constructExample :: IO ()
constructExample = do
rdfGraph <- constructQuery "http://dbpedia.org/sparql" simpleConstruct
mapM_ print (triplesOf rdfGraph)
Here's the respective type:
constructQuery :: EndPoint -> Query ConstructQuery -> IO MGraph
Describe Queries
DESCRIBE
queries generate RDF, which is serialized in N3 in this
package. See: http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#describe
describeExample :: IO ()
describeExample = do
rdfGraph <- describeQuery "http://dbpedia.org/sparql" simpleDescribe
mapM_ print (triplesOf rdfGraph
Here's the respective type:
describeQuery :: EndPoint -> Query DescribeQuery -> IO MGraph
Ask Queries
ASK
queries inspects whether or not a triple exists. RDF is an
open-world assumption. See: http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#ask
askExample :: IO ()
askExample = do
res <- askQuery "http://dbpedia.org/sparql" simpleAsk
putStrLn $ "result: " ++ (show (res::Bool))
Here's the respective type:
askQuery :: EndPoint -> Query AskQuery -> IO Bool
More examples
Some extra examples can be found in tests.
TODOs
-
Opt for a unified Type representation This hsparql package and the RDF4H package use similar, but not identical, types for triples, namespaces, prefixes and so on. Ideally, one type representation for such concepts should be adopted for both packages.
-
Develop a unified semantic web toolkit for Haskell Combining the RDF4H and hsparql packages seems like a sensible goal to achieve, to provide a semantic web toolkit similar to Jena for Java.