Awesome

UTF8 Utils

This library provides a means of cleaning UTF8 strings with invalid characters.

It provides functionality that replaces ActiveSupport's 2.3's tidy_bytes method, with a faster algorithm that works on 1.8.6 - 1.9.x.

This code has been added to Rails 3.0.0.beta3, if you are using a prior version of Rails you can access at its home on Github.

The Problem

Your application may have to deal with invalid UTF-8 strings that come from user input that is copied and pasted from Microsoft Word, and includes Windows-encoded "smart quotes," or other characters. This is only one scenario; there are many ways your application could receive such input.

Here's what happens when you try to access a string with invalid UTF-8 characters in Ruby 1.9:

ruby-1.9.1-p378 > "my messed up \x92 string".split(//u)
ArgumentError: invalid byte sequence in UTF-8
        from (irb):3:in `split'
        from (irb):3
        from /Users/norman/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.1-p378/bin/irb:17:in `<main>'

Ruby is quite particular about this - accessing the data in the string is difficult as almost all string access methods will die with this error.

The Solution

This library breaks the string down into an array of raw bytes, and cleans up the ones that are impossible UTF-8 sequences.

ruby-1.9.1-p378 > "my messed up \x92 string".tidy_bytes.split(//u)
 => ["m", "y", " ", "m", "e", "s", "s", "e", "d", " ", "u", "p", " ", "’", " ", "s", "t", "r", "i", "n", "g"]

Note that, like ActiveSupport, it naively assumes if you have invalid UTF8 characters, their encoding is either Windows CP1252 or ISO-8859-1. In practice this isn't a bad assumption, but may not always work.

This library's tidy_bytes method is a little less than twice as fast as the one provided by ActiveSupport:

                           | ACTIVE_SUPPORT | UTF8_UTILS |
----------------------------------------------------------
tidy bytes          x20000 |          1.004 |      0.607 |
==========================================================
Total                      |          1.004 |      0.607 |

Getting it

gem install utf8_utils

Using it

# encoding: utf-8
require "utf8_utils"

# tidy bytes
good_string = bad_string.tidy_bytes

# tidy bytes in-place
string.tidy_bytes!

# assume string is 100% ISO-8859-1 or CP-1252 and recode it to UTF-8
good_string = bad_string.tidy_bytes(true)

API Docs

http://norman.github.com/utf8_utils

Credits

Created by Norman Clarke.