Awesome
webhookd
A very simple webhook server to launch shell scripts.
At a glance
Installation
Run the following command:
$ go install github.com/ncarlier/webhookd@latest
Or download the binary regarding your architecture:
$ sudo curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ncarlier/webhookd/master/install.sh | bash
or
$ curl -sf https://gobinaries.com/ncarlier/webhookd | sh
Or use Docker:
$ docker run -d --name=webhookd \
-v ${PWD}/scripts:/scripts \
-p 8080:8080 \
ncarlier/webhookd
Note: The official Docker image is lightweight and allows to run simple scripts but for more advanced needs you can use the
ncarlier/webhookd:edge-distrib
image. For example, with thisdistrib
image, you can interact with your Docker daemon using Docker CLI or Docker Compose.
Or use APT:
Finally, it is possible to install Webhookd using the Debian packaging system through this custom repository.
Note: Custom configuration variables can be set into
/etc/webhookd.env
file. Sytemd service is already set and enable, you just have to start it withsystemctl start webhookd
.
Configuration
Webhookd can be configured by using command line parameters or by setting environment variables.
Type webhookd -h
to display all parameters and related environment variables.
All configuration variables are described in etc/default/webhookd.env file.
Usage
Directory structure
Webhooks are simple scripts within a directory structure.
By default inside the ./scripts
directory.
You can change the default directory using the WHD_HOOK_SCRIPTS
environment variable or -hook-scripts
parameter.
Example:
/scripts
|--> /github
|--> /build.sh
|--> /deploy.sh
|--> /push.js
|--> /echo.sh
|--> ...
Note: Webhookd is able to run any type of file in this directory as long as the file is executable. For example, you can execute a Node.js file if you give execution rights to the file and add the appropriate
#!
header (in this case:#!/usr/bin/env node
).
You can find sample scripts in the example folder. In particular, examples of integration with Gitlab and Github.
Webhook call
The directory structure define the webhook URL.
You can omit the script extension. If you do, webhookd will search by default for a .sh
file.
You can change the default extension using the WHD_HOOK_DEFAULT_EXT
environment variable or -hook-default-ext
parameter.
If the script exists, the output will be send to the HTTP response.
Depending on the HTTP request, the HTTP response will be a HTTP 200
code with the script's output in real time (streaming), or the HTTP response will wait until the end of the script's execution and return the output (tuncated) of the script as well as an HTTP code relative to the script's output code.
The streaming protocol depends on the HTTP request:
- Server-sent events is used when
Accept
HTTP header is equal totext/event-stream
. - Chunked Transfer Coding is used when
X-Hook-Mode
HTTP header is equal tochunked
. It's the default mode. You can change the default mode using theWHD_HOOK_DEFAULT_MODE
environment variable or-hook-default-mode
parameter.
If no streaming protocol is needed, you must set X-Hook-Mode
HTTP header to buffered
.
The HTTP reponse will block until the script is over:
- Sends script output limited to the last 100 lines. You can modify this limit via the HTTP header
X-Hook-MaxBufferedLines
. - Convert the script exit code to HTTP code as follow:
- 0:
200 OK
- Between 1 and 99:
500 Internal Server Error
- Between 100 and 255: Add 300 to get HTTP code between 400 and 555
- 0:
Remember: a process exit code is between 0 and 255. 0 means that the execution is successful.
Example:
The script: ./scripts/foo/bar.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "foo foo foo"
echo "bar bar bar"
exit 118
Streamed output using Server-sent events
:
$ curl -v --header "Accept: text/event-stream" -XGET http://localhost:8080/foo/bar
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: text/event-stream
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< X-Hook-Id: 8
data: foo foo foo
data: bar bar bar
error: exit status 118
Streamed output using Chunked Transfer Coding
:
$ curl -v -XPOST --header "X-Hook-Mode: chunked" http://localhost:8080/foo/bar
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< X-Hook-Id: 7
foo foo foo
bar bar bar
error: exit status 118
Blocking HTTP request:
$ curl -v -XPOST --header "X-Hook-Mode: buffered" http://localhost:8080/foo/bar
< HTTP/1.1 418 I m a teapot
< Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
< X-Hook-Id: 9
foo foo foo
bar bar bar
error: exit status 118
Note that in this last example the HTTP response is equal to
exit code + 300
:418 I'm a teapot
.
Webhook parameters
You have several ways to provide parameters to your webhook script:
- URL request parameters are converted to script variables
- HTTP headers are converted to script variables
- Request body (depending the Media Type):
application/x-www-form-urlencoded
: keys and values are converted to script variablestext/*
orapplication/json
: payload is transmit to the script as first parameter.
Note: Variable name follows "snakecase" naming convention. Therefore the name can be altered. ex:
CONTENT-TYPE
will becomecontent_type
.
Webhookd adds some additional parameters to the script:
hook_id
: hook ID (auto-increment)hook_name
: hook namehook_method
: HTTP request methodx_forwarded_for
: client IPx_webauth_user
: username if authentication is enabled
Example:
The script:
#!/bin/bash
echo "Hook information: name=$hook_name, id=$hook_id, method=$hook_method"
echo "Query parameter: foo=$foo"
echo "Header parameter: user-agent=$user_agent"
echo "Script parameters: $1"
The result:
$ curl --data @test.json -H 'Content-Type: application/json' http://localhost:8080/echo?foo=bar
Hook information: name=echo, id=1, method=POST
Query parameter: foo=bar
Header parameter: user-agent=curl/7.52.1
Script parameter: {"message": "this is a test"}
Webhook timeout configuration
By default a webhook has a timeout of 10 seconds.
This timeout is globally configurable by setting the environment variable:
WHD_HOOK_TIMEOUT
(in seconds).
You can override this global behavior per request by setting the HTTP header:
X-Hook-Timeout
(in seconds).
Example:
$ curl -H "X-Hook-Timeout: 5" http://localhost:8080/echo?foo=bar
Webhook logs
As mentioned above, web hook logs are stream in real time during the call.
However, you can retrieve the logs of a previous call by using the hook ID: http://localhost:8080/<NAME>/<ID>
The hook ID is returned as an HTTP header with the Webhook response: X-Hook-ID
Example:
$ # Call webhook
$ curl -v http://localhost:8080/echo?foo=bar
...
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: text/plain
< X-Hook-Id: 2
...
$ # Retrieve logs afterwards
$ curl http://localhost:8080/echo/2
If needed, you can also redirect hook logs to the server output (configured by the WHD_LOG_MODULES=hook
environment variable).
Post hook notifications
The output of the script is collected and stored into a log file
(configured by the WHD_HOOK_LOG_DIR
environment variable).
Once the script is executed, you can send the result and this log file to a notification channel.
Currently, only two channels are supported: Email
and HTTP
.
Notifications configuration can be done as follow:
$ export WHD_NOTIFICATION_URI=http://requestb.in/v9b229v9
$ # or
$ webhookd --notification-uri=http://requestb.in/v9b229v9
Note: Only the output of the script prefixed by "notify:" is sent to the notification channel. If the output does not contain a prefixed line, no notification will be sent.
Example:
#!/bin/bash
echo "notify: Hello World" # Will be notified
echo "Goodbye" # Will not be notified
You can override the notification prefix by adding prefix
as a query parameter to the configuration URL.
Example: http://requestb.in/v9b229v9?prefix="foo:"
HTTP notification
Configuration URI: http://example.org
Options (using query parameters):
prefix
: Prefix to filter output log
The following JSON payload is POST to the target URL:
{
"id": "42",
"name": "echo",
"text": "foo\nbar...\n",
"error": "Error cause... if present",
}
Note: that because the payload have a
text
attribute, you can use a Mattermost, Slack or Discord webhook endpoint.
Email notification
Configuration URI: mailto:foo@bar.com
Options (using query parameters):
prefix
: Prefix to filter output logsmtp
: SMTP host to use (by default:localhost:25
)username
: SMTP username (not set by default)password
: SMTP password (not set by default)conn
: SMTP connection type (tls
,tls-insecure
or by default:plain
)from
: Sender email (by default:noreply@nunux.org
)subject
: Email subject (by default:[whd-notification] {name}#{id} {status}
)
Authentication
You can restrict access to webhooks using HTTP basic authentication.
To activate basic authentication, you have to create a htpasswd
file:
$ # create passwd file the user 'api'
$ htpasswd -B -c .htpasswd api
This command will ask for a password and store it in the htpawsswd file.
By default, the daemon will try to load the .htpasswd
file.
But you can override this behavior by specifying the location of the file:
$ export WHD_PASSWD_FILE=/etc/webhookd/users.htpasswd
$ # or
$ webhookd --passwd-file /etc/webhookd/users.htpasswd
Once configured, you must call webhooks using basic authentication:
$ curl -u api:test -XPOST "http://localhost:8080/echo?msg=hello"
Signature
You can ensure message integrity (and authenticity) by signing HTTP requests.
Webhookd supports 2 signature methods:
- HTTP Signatures
- Ed25519 Signature (used by Discord)
To activate request signature verification, you have to configure the truststore:
$ export WHD_TRUSTSTORE_FILE=/etc/webhookd/pubkey.pem
$ # or
$ webhookd --truststore-file /etc/webhookd/pubkey.pem
Public key is stored in PEM format.
Once configured, you must call webhooks using a valid signature:
# Using HTTP Signature:
$ curl -X POST \
-H 'Date: <req-date>' \
-H 'Signature: keyId=<key-id>,algorithm="rsa-sha256",headers="(request-target) date",signature=<signature-string>' \
-H 'Accept: application/json' \
"http://localhost:8080/echo?msg=hello"
# or using Ed25519 Signature:
$ curl -X POST \
-H 'X-Signature-Timestamp: <timestamp>' \
-H 'X-Signature-Ed25519: <signature-string>' \
-H 'Accept: application/json' \
"http://localhost:8080/echo?msg=hello"
You can find a small HTTP client in the "tooling" directory that is capable of forging HTTP signatures
.
TLS
You can activate TLS to secure communications:
$ export WHD_TLS_ENABLED=true
$ # or
$ webhookd --tls-enabled
By default webhookd is expecting a certificate and key file (./server.pem
and ./server.key
).
You can provide your own certificate and key with -tls-cert-file
and -tls-key-file
.
Webhookd also support ACME protocol. You can activate ACME by setting a fully qualified domain name:
$ export WHD_TLS_ENABLED=true
$ export WHD_TLS_DOMAIN=hook.example.com
$ # or
$ webhookd --tls-enabled --tls-domain=hook.example.com
Note:
On *nix, if you want to listen on ports 80 and 443, don't forget to use setcap
to privilege the binary:
sudo setcap CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE+ep webhookd
License
The MIT License (MIT)
See LICENSE to see the full text.