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Config variables for React Native apps

Module to expose config variables to your javascript code in React Native, supporting iOS, Android, macOS and Windows.

Bring some 12 factor love to your mobile apps!

Basic Usage

Create a new file .env in the root of your React Native app:

API_URL=https://myapi.com
GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY=abcdefgh

Then access variables defined there from your app:

import Config from "react-native-config";

Config.API_URL; // 'https://myapi.com'
Config.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY; // 'abcdefgh'

Keep in mind this module doesn't obfuscate or encrypt secrets for packaging, so do not store sensitive keys in .env. It's basically impossible to prevent users from reverse engineering mobile app secrets, so design your app (and APIs) with that in mind.

Setup

Install the package:

$ yarn add react-native-config

Link the library:

(Note: For React Native 0.60 or greater, autolinking is available)

(Note: For Windows, this module supports autolinking when used with react-native-windows@0.63 or later. For earlier versions you need to manually link the module.)

$ react-native link react-native-config

if cocoapods are used in the project then pod has to be installed as well:

(cd ios; pod install)

Extra step for Android

You'll also need to manually apply a plugin to your app, from android/app/build.gradle:

// 2nd line, add a new apply:
apply from: project(':react-native-config').projectDir.getPath() + "/dotenv.gradle"

Advanced Android Setup

In android/app/build.gradle, if you use applicationIdSuffix or applicationId that is different from the package name indicated in AndroidManifest.xml in <manifest package="..."> tag, for example, to support different build variants: Add this in android/app/build.gradle

defaultConfig {
    ...
    resValue "string", "build_config_package", "YOUR_PACKAGE_NAME_IN_ANDROIDMANIFEST_XML"
}

TypeScript declaration for your .env file

If you want to get autocompletion and typesafety for your .env files. Create a file named react-native-config.d.ts in the same directory where you put your type declarations, and add the following contents:

declare module 'react-native-config' {
  export interface NativeConfig {
      HOSTNAME?: string;
  }
  
  export const Config: NativeConfig
  export default Config
}

Then when you want to use it, you just write:

import Config from 'react-native-config';
console.log(Config.HOSTNAME);

Native Usage

Android

Config variables set in .env are available to your Java classes via BuildConfig:

public HttpURLConnection getApiClient() {
    URL url = new URL(BuildConfig.API_URL);
    // ...
}

You can also read them from your Gradle configuration:

defaultConfig {
    applicationId project.env.get("APP_ID")
}

And use them to configure libraries in AndroidManifest.xml and others:

<meta-data
  android:name="com.google.android.geo.API_KEY"
  android:value="@string/GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY" />

All variables are strings, so you may need to cast them. For instance, in Gradle:

versionCode project.env.get("VERSION_CODE").toInteger()

Once again, remember variables stored in .env are published with your code, so DO NOT put anything sensitive there like your app signingConfigs.

iOS / macOS

Read variables declared in .env from your Obj-C classes like:

// import header
#import "RNCConfig.h"

// then read individual keys like:
NSString *apiUrl = [RNCConfig envFor:@"API_URL"];

// or just fetch the whole config
NSDictionary *config = [RNCConfig env];

Windows

You can access variables declared in .env from C++ in your App project:

std::string api_key = ReactNativeConfig::API_KEY;

Similarly, you can access those values in other project by adding reference to the RNCConfig as described in the manual linking section.

Availability in Build settings and Info.plist

With one extra step environment values can be exposed to "Info.plist" and Build settings in the native project.

  1. click on the file tree and create new file of type XCConfig img img
  2. save it under ios folder as "Config.xcconfig" with the following content:
#include? "tmp.xcconfig"
  1. add the following to your ".gitignore":
# react-native-config codegen
ios/tmp.xcconfig

  1. go to project settings

  2. apply config to your configurations img

  3. Go to Edit scheme... -> Build -> Pre-actions, click + and select New Run Script Action. Paste below code which will generate "tmp.xcconfig" before each build exposing values to Build Settings and Info.plist. Make sure to select your target under Provide build settings from, so $SRCROOT environment variables is available to the script. (Note that this snippet has to be placed after "cp ... ${PROJECT_DIR}/../.env" if approach explained below is used).

    "${SRCROOT}/../node_modules/react-native-config/ios/ReactNativeConfig/BuildXCConfig.rb" "${SRCROOT}/.." "${SRCROOT}/tmp.xcconfig"

    img

  4. You can now access your env variables in the Info.plist, for example $(MY_ENV_VARIABLE). If you face issues accessing variables, please open a new issue and provide as much details as possible so above steps can be improved.

App Extensions

Add dependency to react-native-config.

target 'ShareExtension' do
  platform :ios, '9.0'

  pod 'react-native-config', :path => '../node_modules/react-native-config'

  # For extensions without React dependencies
  pod 'react-native-config/Extension', :path => '../node_modules/react-native-config'
end

Different environments

Save config for different environments in different files: .env.staging, .env.production, etc.

By default react-native-config will read from .env, but you can change it when building or releasing your app.

The simplest approach is to tell it what file to read with an environment variable, like:

$ ENVFILE=.env.staging react-native run-ios           # bash
$ SET ENVFILE=.env.staging && react-native run-ios    # windows
$ env:ENVFILE=".env.staging"; react-native run-ios    # powershell

This also works for run-android. Alternatively, there are platform-specific options below.

Android

The same environment variable can be used to assemble releases with a different config:

$ cd android && ENVFILE=.env.staging ./gradlew assembleRelease

Note: When trying to release the bundle you need to export with a different config

$ cd android && export ENVFILE=.env.staging ./gradlew bundleRelease

Alternatively, you can define a map in build.gradle associating builds with env files. Do it before the apply from call, and use build cases in lowercase, like:

project.ext.envConfigFiles = [
    debug: ".env.development",
    release: ".env.production",
    anothercustombuild: ".env",
]

apply from: project(':react-native-config').projectDir.getPath() + "/dotenv.gradle"

Also note that besides requiring lowercase, the matching is done with buildFlavor.startsWith, so a build named debugProd could match the debug case, above.

<a name="ios-multi-scheme"></a>

iOS / macOS

The basic idea in iOS is to have one scheme per environment file, so you can easily alternate between them.

Start by creating a new scheme:

Then edit the newly created scheme to make it use a different env file. From the same "manage scheme" window:

Also ensure that "Provide build settings from", just above the script, has a value selected so that PROJECT_DIR is set.

Alternatively, if you have separated build configurations, you may easily set the different envfiles per configuration by adding these lines into the end of Podfile:

ENVFILES = {
  'Debug' => '$(PODS_ROOT)/../../.env.debug',
  'Release' => '$(PODS_ROOT)/../../.env.production',
}
post_install do |installer|
  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
    target.build_configurations.each do |config|
      if target.name == 'react-native-config'
        config.build_settings['ENVFILE'] = ENVFILES[config.name]
      end
    end
  end
end

Note that if you have flipper enabled in your Podfile, you must move the flipper_post_install into the newely added hook since Podfile doesn't allow multiple post_install hooks.

  target 'MyApp' do
    # ...
    use_flipper!
-   post_install do |installer|
-     flipper_post_install(installer)
-   end
  end

  post_install do |installer|
+   flipper_post_install(installer)

    installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
      target.build_configurations.each do |config|
        if target.name == 'react-native-config'
          config.build_settings['ENVFILE'] = ENVFILES[config.name]
        end
      end
    end
  end

Troubleshooting

Problems with Proguard

When Proguard is enabled (which it is by default for Android release builds), it can rename the BuildConfig Java class in the minification process and prevent React Native Config from referencing it. To avoid this, add an exception to android/app/proguard-rules.pro:

-keep class com.mypackage.BuildConfig { *; }

com.mypackage should match the package value in your app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml file.

If using Dexguard, the shrinking phase will remove resources it thinks are unused. It is necessary to add an exception to preserve the build config package name.

-keepresources string/build_config_package

TypeError: _reactNativeConfig.default.getConstants is not a function

This error stems from .env file being malformed. Accepted formats are listed here https://regex101.com/r/cbm5Tp/1. Common causes are:

Testing

Since react-native-config contains native code, it cannot be run in a node.js environment (Jest, Mocha). react-native-config-node provides a way to mock react-native-config for use in test runners - exactly as it is used in the actual app.

On Windows, the Example app supports running automatic tests by using WinAppDriver. In the Example app folder run:

yarn appium
yarn test:windows

Jest

For mocking the Config.FOO_BAR usage, create a mock at __mocks__/react-native-config.js:

// __mocks__/react-native-config.js
export default {
  FOO_BAR: 'baz',
};

Meta

Created by Pedro Belo at Lugg.