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Introduction

This framework allows software engineering managers to have meaningful conversations with their direct reports around the expectations of each position and how to plan for the next level in their career ladder.

Although the framework uses roles and levels that are somewhat standard in the US tech industry, every company is different. Please use the information provided as a baseline and feel free adjust it to your needs.

The framework relies heavily on radar charts to visually represent the different perspectives and expectations of a given position:

<picture> <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="charts/template-dark.png"> <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="charts/template.png"> <img alt="Template Chart" src="charts/template.png"> </picture>

Career Ladders

The framework has 4 different ladders:

If you are confused about the difference between a Tech Lead and an Engineering Manager, please refer to the Tech Lead vs Engineering Manager page for a detailed comparison.

LevelSeniorDeveloperTech LeadTechnical Program ManagerEngineering Manager
1NoD1
2NoD2
3NoD3
4YesD4TL4TPM4
5YesD5TL5TPM5EM5
6YesD6TL6TPM6EM6
7YesD7TL7TPM7EM7

(click on position name for more details)

Axes

The chart shown above has the following 5 axes:

The influence axis can be seen as a different dimension since it is orthogonal and applies to all the other axes.

Each axis has 5 different levels of performance. It is important to highlight that every level includes the previous one(s). For example, someone that evangelizes technology, specializes and adopts it as well.

Keep reading to better understand each level.

Levels

Technology

  1. Adopts: actively learns and adopts the technology and tools defined by the team
  2. Specializes: is the go-to person for one or more technologies and takes initiative to learn new ones
  3. Evangelizes: researches, creates proofs of concept and introduces new technologies to the team
  4. Masters: has very deep knowledge about the whole technology stack of the system
  5. Creates: designs and creates new technologies that are widely used either by internal or external teams

System

  1. Enhances: successfully pushes new features and bug fixes to improve and extend the system
  2. Designs: designs and implements medium to large size features while reducing the system's tech debt
  3. Owns: owns the production operation and monitoring of the system and is aware of its SLAs
  4. Evolves: evolves the architecture to support future requirements and defines its SLAs
  5. Leads: leads the technical excellence of the system and creates plans to mitigate outages

People

  1. Learns: quickly learns from others and consistently steps up when it is required
  2. Supports: proactively supports other team members and helps them to be successful
  3. Mentors: mentors others to accelerate their career-growth and encourages them to participate
  4. Coordinates: coordinates team members providing effective feedback and moderating discussions
  5. Manages: manages the team members' career, expectations, performance and level of happiness

Process

  1. Follows: follows the team processes, delivering a consistent flow of features to production
  2. Enforces: enforces the team processes, making sure everybody understands the benefits and tradeoffs
  3. Challenges: challenges the team processes, looking for ways to improve them
  4. Adjusts: adjusts the team processes, listening to feedback and guiding the team through the changes
  5. Defines: defines the right processes for the team's maturity level, balancing agility and discipline

Influence

  1. Subsystem: makes an impact on one or more subsystems
  2. Team: makes an impact on the whole team, not just on specific parts of it
  3. Multiple Teams: makes an impact not only his/her team but also on other teams
  4. Company: makes an impact on the whole tech organization
  5. Community: makes an impact on the tech community

FAQs

What if some of the people don't meet all the points?

That is very normal, people are usually stronger in some areas and weaker in others. The framework should not be used as a checklist to promote people but instead as guidance to have meaningful career conversations.

What if my organization's career ladder is different?

Since the framework is open source, you have the opportunity to adapt it to your organization. Feel free to use the chart template to define your own levels.

When is a person ready to move to the next level?

Companies usually expect a person to be performing at the next level consistently for several months before formalizing a promotion.

How do I collect evidence to support the discussion with my direct reports?

Different teams collect evidence in different ways. A recommended approach is to use a combination of:

Could the framework provide more specific examples of behavior to support each level?

Specific examples of behavior require knowledge about the way that the team works, the system architecture and its technology stack. It is recommended to allow each team to define their own examples.

Why does the framework stop at level 7?

Levels 8 and above vary drastically from company to company. Organizations of different sizes tend to assign a diverse level of scope to positions so high in their structure.

Do you have any additional resources about the topic?

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