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Learning To Recognize Procedural Activities with Distant Supervision

This is an official pytorch implementation of Learning To Recognize Procedural Activities with Distant Supervision. In this repository, we provide PyTorch code for training and testing as described in the paper. The proposed distant supervision framework achieves strong generalization performance on step classification, recognition of procedural activities, step forecasting (New task proposed) and egocentric activity classification.

If you find our repo useful in your research, please use the following BibTeX entry for citation.

@article{lin2022learning,
  title={Learning To Recognize Procedural Activities with Distant Supervision},
  author={Lin, Xudong and Petroni, Fabio and Bertasius, Gedas and Rohrbach, Marcus and Chang, Shih-Fu and Torresani, Lorenzo},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.10990},
  year={2022}
}

After cloining, please first unzip ./data_and_csv.zip.

Distant Supervision

For flexible usage, we provide the extracted text embeddings of all the ASR sentences in HowTo100M (Large file ~350 GB) and all the steps we used. We included the text of all the steps we used in ./data/step_label_text.json. (Note that only 'headlines' are used.)

Model Zoo

We provide the TimeSformer model pretrained using our distant supervision.

We also provide the models trained for recognition of procedural activities on COIN, step forecasting on COIN and egocentric activity classification on Epic-Kitchens-100.

Installation

First, create a conda virtual environment and activate it:

conda create -n distant python=3.7 -y
source activate distant

Then, install the following packages:

• torchvision: pip install torchvision or conda install torchvision -c pytorch
• fvcore: pip install 'git+https://github.com/facebookresearch/fvcore'
• simplejson: pip install simplejson
• einops: pip install einops
• timm: pip install timm
• PyAV: conda install av -c conda-forge
• psutil: pip install psutil
• OpenCV: pip install opencv-python
• tensorboard: pip install tensorboard
• ffmpeg: pip install ffmpeg-python
• pandas: pip install pandas
• sentence-transformer: pip install -U sentence-transformers

Note that the part of this repo also requires ffmpeg installed in the system.

Lastly, include the absolute path of this directory in PYTHONPATH:

export PYTHONPATH="$PYTHONPATH:<Path_To_This_Directory>"

The alternative last step is to run the following command in this directory:

python setup.py build develop

Usage

Dataset Preparation

Please use the dataset preparation instructions provided in DATASET.md.

Pretraining with Distant Supervision

Training with the default distant supervision (Distribution matching Top-3) can be done using the following command:

python tools/run_net.py \
  --cfg configs/HowTo100M/distribution_matching_top3.yaml \
  DATA.PATH_PREFIX path_to_your_dataset \
  NUM_GPUS 8 \
  TRAIN.BATCH_SIZE 8 \

You may need to pass location of your dataset in the command line by adding DATA.PATH_PREFIX, or you can simply add

DATA:
  DATA.PATH_PREFIX: path_to_your_video_data

Note that the pretraining process needs ./data/step_to_task.pth to evaluate the zero-shot task classification performance on HowTo100M of the pretrained model. It is a matrix that projects a step to its cooresponding task.

To the yaml configs file, then you do not need to pass it to the command line every time.

We also provide configurations for other variants under configs/.

Using a Different Number of GPUs/Batch_Sizes

If you want to use a smaller number of GPUs, you need to modify .yaml configuration files in configs/. Specifically, you need to modify the NUM_GPUS, TRAIN.BATCH_SIZE, TEST.BATCH_SIZE, DATA_LOADER.NUM_WORKERS entries in each configuration file. The BATCH_SIZE entry should be the same or larger as the NUM_GPUS entry. Note that gradient accumulation is integrated in the training function. If you want to change the global batch size for gradient descent, you need to update GLOBAL_BATCH_SIZE, which is 64 by default.

Multinode Training

Distributed training is available via Slurm and submitit

pip install submitit

To reproduce our best pretrained model, use the following command:

python tools/submit.py --cfg configs/HowTo100M/distribution_matching_top3.yaml --job_dir  /your/job/dir/${JOB_NAME}/ --name ${JOB_NAME} --use_volta32

after the model is trained, then run

python tools/submit.py --cfg configs/HowTo100M/distribution_matching_top3_c30.yaml --job_dir  /your/job/dir/${JOB_NAME}/ --name ${JOB_NAME} --use_volta32

We provide a few scripts for launching slurm jobs in slurm_scripts/.

Evaluation

We provide configs and scripts for evaluation of the pretrained representation on COIN and Epic-Kitchen 100. Note that generally you need to set DATA.PATH_PREFIX and TIMESFORMER.PRETRAINED_MODEL to the correct location in the congiuration files before running scripts.

Environment

The code was developed using python 3.7 on Ubuntu 20.04. For training, we used four GPU compute nodes each node containing 8 Tesla V100 GPUs (32 GPUs in total). Other platforms or GPU cards have not been fully tested.

License

The majority of this work is licensed under CC-BY-NC-SA 3.0, however portions of the project are available under separate license terms: SlowFast and pytorch-image-models are licensed under the Apache 2.0 license.

Contributing

We actively welcome your pull requests. Please see CONTRIBUTING.md and CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md for more info.

Acknowledgements

Thanks much to Triantafyllos Afouras and Mandy Toh for help on preration of the code release!

This repo is built on top of TimeSformer, PySlowFast and pytorch-image-models by Ross Wightman. We also borrow some implementation for Epic-Kitchen dataloader from Motionformer. We thank the authors for releasing their code. The Knowledge transfer retrieval implementation is inspired by VX2TEXT. If you use our model, please consider citing these works as well:

@inproceedings{gberta_2021_ICML,
    author  = {Gedas Bertasius and Heng Wang and Lorenzo Torresani},
    title = {Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding?},
    booktitle   = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)}, 
    month = {July},
    year = {2021}
}

@misc{fan2020pyslowfast,
  author =       {Haoqi Fan and Yanghao Li and Bo Xiong and Wan-Yen Lo and
                  Christoph Feichtenhofer},
  title =        {PySlowFast},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/facebookresearch/slowfast}},
  year =         {2020}
}

@misc{rw2019timm,
  author = {Ross Wightman},
  title = {PyTorch Image Models},
  year = {2019},
  publisher = {GitHub},
  journal = {GitHub repository},
  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.4414861},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/rwightman/pytorch-image-models}}
}

@inproceedings{patrick2021keeping,
   title={Keeping Your Eye on the Ball: Trajectory Attention in Video Transformers}, 
   author={Mandela Patrick and Dylan Campbell and Yuki M. Asano and Ishan Misra Florian Metze and Christoph Feichtenhofer and Andrea Vedaldi and Jo\ão F. Henriques},
   year={2021},
   booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
}

@inproceedings{lin2021vx2text,
  title={Vx2text: End-to-end learning of video-based text generation from multimodal inputs},
  author={Lin, Xudong and Bertasius, Gedas and Wang, Jue and Chang, Shih-Fu and Parikh, Devi and Torresani, Lorenzo},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
  pages={7005--7015},
  year={2021}
}