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MedVH

MedVH is a dataset for evaluating hallucination in large vision language models on medical visual question answering tasks, specifically with chest x-ray images. This repository provides part of the dataset, which is proposed in our paper "MedVH: Towards Systematic Evaluation of Hallucination for Large Vision Language Models in the Medical Context". The whole dataset will be released on Physionet upon the acceptance of this paper.

Abstract

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved superior performance in various tasks on natural image and text data, which inspires a large amount of studies for LVLMs fine-tuning and training. Despite their advancements, there has been scant research on the robustness of these models against hallucination when fine-tuned on smaller datasets. In this study, we introduce a new benchmark dataset, the Medical Visual Hallucination Test (MedVH), to evaluate the hallucination of domain-specific LVLMs. MedVH comprises five tasks to evaluate hallucinations in LVLMs within the medical context, which includes tasks for comprehensive understanding of textual and visual input, as well as long textual response generation. Our extensive experiments with both general and medical LVLMs reveal that, although medical LVLMs demonstrate promising performance on standard medical tasks, they are particularly susceptible to hallucinations, often more so than the general models, raising significant concerns about the reliability of these domain-specific models. For medical LVLMs to be truly valuable in real-world applications, they must not only accurately integrate medical knowledge but also maintain robust reasoning abilities to prevent hallucination. Our work paves the way for future evaluations of these studies.

Data Structure

├── MedVH
│   ├── multi_choices
│   │   │   ├── test_NOTA.json
│   │   │   ├── test_NOTA_baseline.json
│   │   │   ├── test_cli.json
│   │   │   ├── test_wrongful_image.json
│   │   ├── wrongful_image
│   │   │   ├── medvh_x.jpg
│   │   ├── NOTA
│   │   │   ├── medvh_x.jpg
│   │   ├── cli
│   │   │   ├── medvh_x.jpg
│   ├── text_generation
│   │   │   ├── test_FCJ.json
│   │   │   ├── test_report_generation.json
│   │   ├── FCJ
│   │   │   ├── medvh_x.jpg
│   │   ├── report_generation
│   │   │   ├── medvh_x.jpg

How to use

The questions and the corresponding choices are stored with json files, which can be loaded with python code

data = json.load(open('MedVH/multi_choices/wrongful_image/test_wrongful_image.json', 'r'))

Specifically, each question is saved in the following format.

{
    "question_id": 0,
    "img_id": 957,
    "img_name": "medvh_957.jpg",
    "question": "Can nodule be observed on the upper right lung in this picture?",
    "choices": "A: Yes. B: No. C: Not a suitable question for the image.",
    "gt": "C"
    }

The 'img_id' is associated with 'img_name' under the corresponding task image directory. 'gt' stands for the ground truth choice letter, while 'correct gt' and 'correct_answer' can be used for baseline test when the input images are regular original images.

There are also tasks utilize images from MIMIC-CXR and Medical-Diff-VQA, where the original images can be accessed through credentialed access granted by PhysioNet. For these tasks, we include a _src file, which provides information about the source of the images associated with the questions, along with the corresponding IDs to identify the images. Take Clinically Incorrect Premise task as an example, the included test_cli_src.json file has items like

{
    "question_id": 0,
    "img_id": 0,
    "img_name": "medvh_0.jpg",
    "question": "is the air collection located on the left side or right side?",
    "choices": "A: left side. B: right side. C: this question contains an incorrect clinical statement.",
    "gt": "C: this question contains an incorrect clinical statement.",
    "img_source": "Medical-Diff-VQA",
    "ori_id": "1f9e76a6-f8b7bbd4-4acf666c-855e59f5-79b11f77"
    },

Here, the img_source field indicates that the question is derived from Medical-Diff-VQA, and the ori_id field specifies the original DICOM ID.

We have submitted our dataset to PhysioNet for review and expect it to be made available directly in the near future.

Evaluation

We share the code for evaluation the GPT model here. Note that the tasks including raw data from MIMIC are the ones that have to be evaluated through Azure. Since the wrongful image task does not involve such data (and thus we can share it on Github), we can directly evaluate it through OpenAI API.

To run the code, first install the openai 0.28.1. Or create the following environment.

conda env create -f environment.yml

The script can be run with the following Python code:

python evaluate_gpt.py