Awesome
iOSbackup
A Python 3 class that reads and extracts files from a password-encrypted iOS backup created by iTunes on Mac and Windows. Initial support for unencrypted backups has been aded since version 0.9.923. Tested compatibility since iOS 10 up to current iOS 15.
You will need your backup password to decrypt the backup files, this is the password iTunes asks when it is configured to do encrypted backups. This password can be found on macOS’ Keychain Access app, under login
keychain, entry iOS Backup
(update: newer macOS apparently doesn’t store it in KayChain anymore).
You should always prefer encrypted backups because they are more secure and include more files from your device. Non-encrypted backups do not backup files as Health app database and other preciosities.
Donation
This software is essential for advanced device forensic activities or to anyone in need to dominate and extract full data from an iOS device.
Please consider donation of any amount in Bitcoin or Ethereum:
- Bitcoin donation: bc1qerzyzwdnsmpfdkl3lcjgm3rhvvy7svy0p89ndj
- Ethereum donation: 0x098dADeDDf14382F19d4F5d989fD8734376B0224
Thank you in advance
Installation
pip3 install iOSbackup --user
On macOS, get native Python 3 from Apple with command xcode-select --install
. Read my guide to install Apple official Python 3 distribution for more details.
iOSbackup
requires other two packages: biplist
and pycryptodome
that will be installed automatically by pip
.
pycryptodome
has an API compatible with older pycrypto
, which should also work with iOSbackup
. But pycryptodome
is more well maintained and easier to install on Windows and macOS.
Usage
Get list of backups available on your computer
>>> from iOSbackup import iOSbackup
>>> iOSbackup.getDeviceList()
[{'udid': '00456030-000E4412342802E',
'name': 'mobileavi',
'ios': '13.2.3',
'serial': 'DNPPQRS0N4RW',
'type': 'iPhone12,3',
'encrypted': True},
{'udid': '00654030-01234412342802E',
'name': 'ipad',
'ios': '13.1.3',
'serial': 'DABCRS0N4RW',
'type': 'iPad10,1',
'encrypted': True}]
Open a device backup
With your password (a slow and compute-intensive task):
>>> b=iOSbackup(
udid="00456030-000E4412342802E",
cleartextpassword="mypassword"
)
Instead of a clear text password, use a derived key that can be seen into the instantiated object:
>>> b=iOSbackup(
udid="00456030-000E4412342802E",
cleartextpassword="mypassword"
)
>>> print(b)
…
decryptionKey: dd6b6123494c5dbdff7804321fe43ffe1babcdb6074014afedc7cb47f351524
…
From now on use your derived key instead of your clear text password to not expose it and because it is much faster:
>>> b=iOSbackup(
udid="00456030-000E4412342802E",
derivedkey="dd6b6123494c5dbdff7804321fe43ffe1babcdb6074014afedc7cb47f351524"
)
Linux virtual machine accessing iOS backup on a macOS host
Forcing a backup folder, useful when reading backups on Linux, where there is no standard for backup folders:
>>> b=iOSbackup(
udid="00456030-000E4412342802E",
cleartextpassword="mypassword",
backuproot='/media/sf_username/Library/Application Support/MobileSync/Backup'
)
For this to work on a Linux virtual machine accessing a VirtualBox-shared folder, you'll have to grant full disk access to your hypervisor (VirtualBox etc). On macOS, go to System Preferences ➔ Security & Privacy ➔ Privacy ➔ Full Disk Access and enable access to your hypervisor (VirtualBox etc). The hypervisor and VM will have to be restarted for the new setting to be effective.
You can also copy your device's backup folder, from a Windows or macOS computer, to a Linux computer, and then use this class on Linux to decrypt and read it.
iTunes default backup folders on Windows and macOS
Files app (formerly iTunes) on macOS stores backups of associated devices under ~/Library/Application Support/MobileSync/Backup
.
iTunes on Windows stores backups of associated devices under %HOME%\Apple Computer\MobileSync\Backup
Get some info about device on the backup
Information about device, model, serial number, its SIMs, iOS version etc can be inspected in multiple places from backup basic catalog files (plist files), even before diving into its vast amount of databases and other encrypted files.
b=iOSbackup(...)
# Device info
infoKeys=[
# This is a non-exaustive list of interesting info, but there are more...
'Build Version', 'Device Name', 'Display Name', 'GUID', 'ICCID', 'ICCID 2',
'IMEI', 'IMEI 2', 'Last Backup Date', 'MEID', 'Phone Number', 'Phone Number 2',
'Product Name', 'Product Type', 'Product Version', 'Serial Number',
'Target Identifier', 'Target Type', 'Unique Identifier',
'macOS Build Version', 'macOS Version'
]
for i in infoKeys:
print(f'{i}: {b.info[i]}')
# Other ways to get device info
b.manifest['Lockdown']['DeviceName'] # device name or hostname
b.manifest['Lockdown']['ProductVersion'] # iOS version as 14.0.1, see Version column of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_version_history#Version_history
b.manifest['Lockdown']['BuildVersion'] # iOS version as 18A393, see Build column of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_version_history#Version_history
b.manifest['Lockdown']['SerialNumber'] # device serial number
b.manifest['Lockdown']['ProductType'] # device type as iPhone12,3, see columns Identifier of https://www.theiphonewiki.com/wiki/Models
b.udid # UDID of the device
b.uuid.hex() # UUID of device
# Backup info
b.backupRoot # backup root folder
b.date # UTC date and time of this backup
b.getDecryptionKey() # password-derived key of backup
b.manifest['IsEncrypted'] # is it an encrypted backup?
b.manifest['WasPasscodeSet'] # backup has a passcode?
b.status
# Basic list of installed apps, probably used by iTunes to easily display things to users
b.info['Applications'].keys()
# Apps icons
png_data=b.info['Applications']['com.burbn.instagram']['PlaceholderIcon']
# Dive into device content
b.manifest['ManifestKey'].hex() # manifest DB decryption key
b.manifest['Applications'] # list of installed apps
b.manifestDB # decrypted copy of Manifest.db SQLite database
Get a list of backed-up files:
Info available in the Manifest.db
which relates backup file hash to semi-full path of file into the device, plus file backup domain, plus some file metadata.
>>> b.getBackupFilesList()
[{'name': '',
'backupFile': 'abfbc8747bfbb373e2b08ce67b1255ffda4e1b91',
'domain': 'AppDomain-4GU63N96WE.com.p5sys.jumpdesktop',
'relativePath': '',
'flags': 2,
'file': b'bplist00\xd4...'
},
{'name': 'Documents',
'backupFile': 'ec0c1b379560bb5ccc81ee783538fd51cfd97461',
'domain': 'AppDomain-4GU63N96WE.com.p5sys.jumpdesktop',
'relativePath': 'Documents',
'flags': 2,
'file': b'bplist00\xd4...'
},
{'name': 'Documents/Servers',
'backupFile': 'a735380eade71b48f0fe27d38a283aacd8ed8372',
'domain': 'AppDomain-4GU63N96WE.com.p5sys.jumpdesktop'},
{'name': 'Documents/extensions',
'backupFile': 'c08f725cc39ec819ab7ced3b056f4e0630ead09f',
'domain': 'AppDomain-4GU63N96WE.com.p5sys.jumpdesktop'},
{'name': 'Library',
'backupFile': 'e60a6345697594c735e5a6ed86c0d57dad6a2176',
'domain': 'AppDomain-4GU63N96WE.com.p5sys.jumpdesktop'},
...]
backupFile
is the file name on your computer. Basically SHA1([Domain]/[FilePath]).
name
is the original semi-complete path of file name in the device.
domain
is the file group this file is member, see bellow list of domains.
file
is binary plist content with some file metadata.
Or put it directly into a Pandas DataFrame for easier manipulation and searching:
>>> import pandas as pd
>>> backupfiles=pd.DataFrame(b.getBackupFilesList(), columns=['backupFile','domain','name'])
With Pandas, display only list of files in HomeDomain
group:
>>> backupfiles[backupfiles['domain']=='HomeDomain']
Get a decrypted copy of the call history SQLite database:
The getFileDecryptedCopy()
method creates a decrypted copy of requested file on targetFolder/targetName
.
If targetFolder
and targetName
aren't given, a temporary file will be created.
The name of decrypted file (temporary or not) can be found in the decryptedFilePath
item of returned dict, as seen below.
>>> file=b.getFileDecryptedCopy(relativePath="Library/CallHistoryDB/CallHistory.storedata")
>>> file
{'decryptedFilePath': 'HomeDomain~Library--CallHistoryDB--CallHistory.storedata',
'domain': 'HomeDomain',
'originalFilePath': 'Library/CallHistoryDB/CallHistory.storedata',
'backupFile': '5a4935c78a5255723f707230a451d79c540d2741',
'size': 1228800}
Fetch call records from the decrypted copy of call history database, using a SQL query.
>>> calls = sqlite3.connect(file['decryptedFilePath'])
>>> calls.row_factory=sqlite3.Row
>>> calllog = calls.cursor().execute(f"SELECT * FROM ZCALLRECORD ORDER BY ZDATE DESC").fetchall()
Restore Entire Folder Containing Photos and their Metadata
This content is located in the Media
folder of CameraRollDomain
domain.
This example will exclude videos from restoration.
>>> b.getFolderDecryptedCopy(
'Media',
targetFolder='restored-photos',
includeDomains='CameraRollDomain',
excludeFiles='%.MOV'
)
Restore an entire domain
Here we restore all files of WirelessDomain
in a hierarchy starting at local directory:
>>> b.getFolderDecryptedCopy(
includeDomains='WirelessDomain',
)
Here we restore all files of HomeDomain
in a hierarchy starting at folder my-folder
:
>>> b.getFolderDecryptedCopy(
includeDomains='HomeDomain',
targetFolder='my-folder',
)
To restore all backed up data files of an app, search for its domain name (see below) and use this technique.
Get List of All Installed Apps
>>> apps=list(b.manifest['Applications'].keys())
>>> apps
['group.com.apple.Maps',
'group.net.whatsapp.family',
'it.joethefox.XBMC-Remote',
'com.google.GoogleMobile.NotificationContentExtension',
'group.com.dendrocom.uniconsole',
...
]
Get List of All Apps, Groups and Plugins with “whatsapp” In Their Name
>>> [s for s in list(b.manifest['Applications'].keys()) if "whatsapp" in s]
['group.net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.shared',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.ShareExtension',
'group.net.whatsapp.WhatsAppSMB.shared',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.NotificationExtension',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.Intents',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.TodayExtension',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.IntentsUI',
'group.net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.private',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.ServiceExtension',
'net.whatsapp.WhatsApp']
Restore All Files of Apps, Groups and Plugins Matching “whatsapp”
I had to use previous method to find the list of app IDs and see that “whatsapp” is a good word to match them.
Each app component has its own backup domain prefixed by AppDomain
, AppDomainGroup
or AppDomainPlugin
.
So we'll iterate over all possibilities of fabricated domain names with getFolderDecryptedCopy()
.
for id in [s for s in list(b.manifest['Applications'].keys()) if "whatsapp" in s]:
for prefix in ["AppDomain", "AppDomainGroup", "AppDomainPlugin"]:
b.getFolderDecryptedCopy(includeDomains=prefix + '-' + id)
Other apps might have a less intuitive name. For example, Telegram can be matched by “telegra” (without ‘m’):
for id in [s for s in list(b.manifest['Applications'].keys()) if "telegra" in s]:
for prefix in ["AppDomain", "AppDomainGroup", "AppDomainPlugin"]:
b.getFolderDecryptedCopy(includeDomains=prefix + '-' + id)
Apple-native Python 3 Installation on Macs
Follow my guide at https://avi.alkalay.net/2019/12/macos-jupyter-data-science-no-anaconda.html
Basically use command xcode-select --install
to get Python 3 installed and updated by Apple on your Mac.
List of Domains
Domain | Contains |
---|---|
AppDomain-... | Backup of each installed app's files |
AppDomainGroup-... | Backup of each installed app's files |
AppDomainPlugin-... | Backup of each installed app's files |
CameraRollDomain | Photos |
DatabaseDomain | |
HealthDomain | Health app databases |
HomeDomain | Many interesting databases, such as contacts and call history |
HomeKitDomain | |
InstallDomain | |
KeyboardDomain | |
KeychainDomain | |
ManagedPreferencesDomain | |
MediaDomain | |
MobileDeviceDomain | |
RootDomain | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.Preferences.SettingsSpotlightIndexExtension | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.Preferences.indexSettingsManifests | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.accessibility.AccessibilityUIServer | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.adid | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.akd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.appstored | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.apsd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.backboardd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.fairplayd.H2 | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.geod | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.icloud.findmydeviced | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.icloud.ifccd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.icloud.searchpartyd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.lsd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.lskdd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.metrickitd | |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.mobilesafari | Bookmarks and cookies ? |
SysContainerDomain-com.apple.springboard | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.AssetCacheServices.diskCache | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.DiagnosticsKit | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.ReportMemoryException | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.VideoSubscriberAccount | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.WiFiAssist | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.bluetooth | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.cfpreferences.managed | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.configurationprofiles | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.coreanalytics | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.icloud.findmydevice.managed | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.icloud.fmipcore.MockingContainer | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.icloud.ifccd | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.icloud.searchpartyd.sharedsettings | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.itunesu.shared | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.lsd | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.lsd.iconscache | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.lskdrl | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.media.books.managed | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.media.shared.books | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.mobile.installationhelperlogs | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.mobilegestaltcache | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.nsurlstoragedresources | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.ondemandresources | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.osanalytics | |
SysSharedContainerDomain-systemgroup.com.apple.sharedpclogging | |
SystemPreferencesDomain | |
TonesDomain | |
WirelessDomain |
Interesting Files
Backup file | Domain | File name | Contains |
---|---|---|---|
ed1f8fb5a948b40504c19580a458c384659a605e | WirelessDomain | Library/Databases/CellularUsage.db | Table subscriber_info apparently contains all SIM phone numbers ever inserted in the phone since about iOS 11 or 12. Data here is related to Library/Preferences/com.apple.commcenter.plist . |
0d609c54856a9bb2d56729df1d68f2958a88426b | WirelessDomain | Library/Databases/DataUsage.sqlite | A rich database that apparently contains app WWAN usage through time. Chack tables ZPROCESS and ZLIVEUSAGE . |
1570a95f5dc7f4cd6b54bc17c427eda95288b8fa | HomeDomain | Library/SpringBoard/LockVideo.mov | Video used as background on lock screen |
. | HomeDomain | Library/Passes/Cards/* | Wallet passes and items |
8d0167b67f664a3816b4c00115c2dfa6a8f81388 | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.AppleBasebandManager.Statistics.plist | Apparently contains times of last boot and restores. |
dafec408e48be2700704dd3e763014c39f6de6b3 | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.AppleBasebandManager.plist | |
9329979c8298f9cd3fb110fa387570a8b957e912 | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.CommCenter.counts.plist | Has CellularBytesRecved and CellularBytesSent |
3dec38ca46c9e37ffebacf2611463eb47a65eb09 | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.commcenter.audio.plist | |
7e5f642f6da5e2345c0893bdf944da9c53902756 | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.commcenter.callservices.plist | |
bfecaa9c467e3acb085a5b312bd27bdd5cd7579a | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.commcenter.plist | Cellular network informations and configurations, including all ever inserted SIM and eSIM cards, their phone numbers and nicknames as configured under Settings➔Celular. Data here is related to Library/Databases/CellularUsage.db |
160600e9c2e408c69e4193d325813a2a885bce2a | WirelessDomain | Library/Preferences/com.apple.ipTelephony.plist | |
12b144c0bd44f2b3dffd9186d3f9c05b917cee25 | CameraRollDomain | Media/PhotoData/Photos.sqlite | Photo library data, albums, tagged faces, moments, places, geolocations, date and times, formats etc. |
. | CameraRollDomain | Media/DCIM/*APPLE | Original master photos/videos taken by your camera or imported through AirDrop etc |
. | CameraRollDomain | Media/PhotoData/Mutations/DCIM/*APPLE | Edited version of photos/videos |
. | HomeDomain | Library/Mobile Documents/iCloud~... | Apps documents on iCloud |
. | HomeDomain | Library/Mobile Documents/com~apple~CloudDocs/... | Documents folder on iCloud |
5a4935c78a5255723f707230a451d79c540d2741 | HomeDomain | Library/CallHistoryDB/CallHistory.storedata | Call History database with only the last 600 calls |
31bb7ba8914766d4ba40d6dfb6113c8b614be442 | HomeDomain | Library/AddressBook/AddressBook.sqlitedb | User contacts and address book. Table ABPerson is the central one with facts about contact creation and modification, while ABMultiValue* tables contain contact details. |
cd6702cea29fe89cf280a76794405adb17f9a0ee | HomeDomain | Library/AddressBook/AddressBookImages.sqlitedb | Contact photos |
9db3e5a6f1672cc306cd785809811e79cc43a2f8 | HomeDomain | Library/AddressBook/backup/AddressBook.sqlitedb | |
2a87d5bcdb9753f1462dd1e929b17e6a971c5b01 | HomeDomain | Library/AddressBook/backup/AddressBookImages.sqlitedb | |
1a0e7afc19d307da602ccdcece51af33afe92c53 | HomeDomain | Library/Safari/History.db | |
. | MediaDomain | Library/SMS/Attachments/* | |
. | MediaDomain | Library/SMS/StickerCache/* | |
. | . | Library/Caches/locationd/consolidated.db | Apparently list of known iBeacons |