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raspberry-pi-home-automation

A node.js based home automation system based around the Raspberry Pi. For background around this project:

The Well Tempered Hacker

Installation

To get started, clone the repository and install the required dependencies.

git clone https://github.com/anders94/raspberry-pi-home-automation.git
cd raspberry-pi-home-automation
npm install

Hardware

The Raspberry Pi needs a little bit of circuitry to protect and amplify its GPIO ports. Here's schematics of the circuits I created for this project.

Protected Pull-Up Switch

If you want to read from the GPIO pins on the Raspberry Pi, you shouldn't just switch the pin between 3.3v+ and nothing. Rather, you should either pull it up to 3.3v+ through a small (1k) resistor or drain it down to ground through a larger (10k + 1k = 11k) resistance.

<a href="http://anders.com/1offs/protected-pull-up-switch-circuit.png"><img src="http://anders.com/1offs/protected-pull-up-switch-circuit.png" width="640" height="480" alt="Protected Pull-Up Switch Circuit"></a>

Relay Driver

The GPIO pins on the Raspberry Pi run at 3.3v which isn't really enough to solidly throw relays. (in my case, I'm using a solid state relay but the theory is the same) This circuit uses an NPN transistor to amplify the 3.3v GPIO output to a 5v output which is enough to throw the relay.

<a href="http://anders.com/1offs/relay-driver-circuit.png"><img src="http://anders.com/1offs/relay-driver-circuit.png" width="640" height="480" alt="Protected Pull-Up Switch Circuit"></a>

Server

The server uses MQTT, a lightweight messaging channel over TCP, and presents a pub-sub like interface to clients. Clients connect and can publish messages which get copied to all other connected clients.

To start the server:

node server

It will connect and listen to 0.0.0.0:1883 by default.

Clients

Clients read from and optionally write to the GPIO pins on the Raspberry Pi. Light switches are directly attached to 3.3v GPIO pins pushing them either high or low. Solid state relays to switch 120v AC loads are driven via 3.3v GPIO pins which are up-converted to 5v with a transistor. (3.3v isn't quite enough to solidly switch the Sharp S216S02 solid state relays I'm using) You may need to access GPIO pins as root depending on how you have things set up.

watch.js

Fires a callback when the GPIO pin state changes. Use this to test GPIO input functionality.

blink.js

Blinks GPIO pins on and off for 5 seconds so you can get your SSR setup working.

light-switch.js

Simple on or off lightswitch example, linking input and output. It does exactly what you think it does.

multi-light-switch.js

Connects to the server (IP is manually set in the source) via MQTT and publishes light switch events. It works as a four position lightswitch for two lights. See the video for a demonstration of this in action.

TODO

Publish the SPI code and circuit schematic for the 120vAC current sensing capability.