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Replacing Mobile Camera ISP with a Single Deep Learning Model

1. Overview [Paper] [PyTorch Implementation] [Project Webpage]

This repository provides the implementation of the RAW-to-RGB mapping approach and PyNET CNN presented in this paper. The model is trained to convert RAW Bayer data obtained directly from mobile camera sensor into photos captured with a professional Canon 5D DSLR camera, thus replacing the entire hand-crafted ISP camera pipeline. The provided pre-trained PyNET model can be used to generate full-resolution 12MP photos from RAW (DNG) image files captured using the Sony Exmor IMX380 camera sensor. More visual results of this approach for the Huawei P20 and BlackBerry KeyOne smartphones can be found here.

2. Prerequisites

Python: scipy, numpy, imageio and pillow packages
TensorFlow 1.X + CUDA cuDNN
Nvidia GPU

3. First steps

Download the pre-trained VGG-19 model Mirror and put it into vgg_pretrained/ folder.
Download the pre-trained PyNET model and put it into models/original/ folder.
Download Zurich RAW to RGB mapping dataset and extract it into raw_images/ folder.
This folder should contain three subfolders: train/, test/ and full_resolution/

Please note that Google Drive has a quota limiting the number of downloads per day. To avoid it, you can login to your Google account and press "Add to My Drive" button instead of a direct download. Please check this issue for more information.

4. PyNET CNN

PyNET architecture has an inverted pyramidal shape and is processing the images at five different scales (levels). The model is trained sequentially, starting from the lowest 5th layer, which allows to achieve good reconstruction results at smaller image resolutions. After the bottom layer is pre-trained, the same procedure is applied to the next level till the training is done on the original resolution. Since each higher level is getting upscaled high-quality features from the lower part of the model, it mainly learns to reconstruct the missing low-level details and refines the results. In this work, we are additionally using one transposed convolutional layer (Level 0) on top of the model that upsamples the image to its target size.

5. Training the model

The model is trained level by level, starting from the lowest (5th) one:

python train_model.py level=<level>

Obligatory parameters:

level: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0

Optional parameters and their default values:

batch_size: 50 - batch size [small values can lead to unstable training] train_size: 30000 - the number of training patches randomly loaded each 1000 iterations eval_step: 1000 - each eval_step iterations the accuracy is computed and the model is saved learning_rate: 5e-5 - learning rate restore_iter: None - iteration to restore (when not specified, the last saved model for PyNET's level+1 is loaded) num_train_iters: 5K, 5K, 20K, 20K, 35K, 100K (for levels 5 - 0) - the number of training iterations vgg_dir: vgg_pretrained/imagenet-vgg-verydeep-19.mat - path to the pre-trained VGG-19 network dataset_dir: raw_images/ - path to the folder with Zurich RAW to RGB dataset

Below we provide the commands used for training the model on the Nvidia Tesla V100 GPU with 16GB of RAM. When using GPUs with smaller amount of memory, the batch size and the number of training iterations should be adjusted accordingly:

python train_model.py level=5 batch_size=50 num_train_iters=5000
python train_model.py level=4 batch_size=50 num_train_iters=5000
python train_model.py level=3 batch_size=48 num_train_iters=20000
python train_model.py level=2 batch_size=18 num_train_iters=20000
python train_model.py level=1 batch_size=12 num_train_iters=35000
python train_model.py level=0 batch_size=10 num_train_iters=100000

6. Test the provided pre-trained models on full-resolution RAW image files

python test_model.py level=0 orig=true

Optional parameters:

use_gpu: true,false - run the model on GPU or CPU dataset_dir: raw_images/ - path to the folder with Zurich RAW to RGB dataset

7. Test the obtained model on full-resolution RAW image files

python test_model.py level=<level>

Obligatory parameters:

level: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0

Optional parameters:

restore_iter: None - iteration to restore (when not specified, the last saved model for level=<level> is loaded) use_gpu: true,false - run the model on GPU or CPU dataset_dir: raw_images/ - path to the folder with Zurich RAW to RGB dataset

8. Folder structure

models/ - logs and models that are saved during the training process models/original/ - the folder with the provided pre-trained PyNET model raw_images/ - the folder with Zurich RAW to RGB dataset results/ - visual results for small image patches that are saved while training results/full-resolution/ - visual results for full-resolution RAW image data saved during the testing vgg-pretrained/ - the folder with the pre-trained VGG-19 network

load_dataset.py - python script that loads training data model.py - PyNET implementation (TensorFlow) train_model.py - implementation of the training procedure test_model.py - applying the pre-trained model to full-resolution test images utils.py - auxiliary functions vgg.py - loading the pre-trained vgg-19 network

9. Bonus files

These files can be useful for further experiments with the model / dataset:

dng_to_png.py - convert raw DNG camera files to PyNET's input format evaluate_accuracy.py - compute PSNR and MS-SSIM scores on Zurich RAW-to-RGB dataset for your own model

10. License

Licensed under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International).

The code is released for academic research use only.

11. Citation

@article{ignatov2020replacing,
  title={Replacing Mobile Camera ISP with a Single Deep Learning Model},
  author={Ignatov, Andrey and Van Gool, Luc and Timofte, Radu},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.05509},
  year={2020}
}

12. Any further questions?

Please contact Andrey Ignatov (andrey@vision.ee.ethz.ch) for more information