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Irony-Mode

A C/C++ minor mode powered by libclang

irony-mode is an Emacs minor-mode that aims at improving the editing experience for the C, C++ and Objective-C languages. It works by using a combination of an Emacs package and a C++ program (irony-server) exposing libclang.

Features:

Dependencies

Elisp dependencies

These dependencies will be installed automatically when using the standard installation procedure described below.

PackageComment
cl-libBuilt-in since Emacs 24.3
jsonBuilt-in since Emacs 23.1
YASnippetOptional. May be used to provide post-completion expansion of function arguments

Irony-Server prerequisites

irony-server provides the libclang interface to irony-mode. It uses a simple protocol based on S-expression. This server, written in C++ and requires the following packages to be installed on your system:

Installation

The recommended way to install irony-mode and its dependencies is to use a package manager.

Exactly one package manager should manage irony-mode. If using apt, but the MELPA package is desired, uninstall the version managed by apt; Likewise, installing from both MELPA and straight.el may result in a state that requires a manual workaround.

To install the latest Debian-supported irony-mode and Clang

The backports mechanism is the recommended and officially supported method of accessing newer versions than Debian stable provides. For example on Debian 10 (buster):

    sudo apt install -t buster-backports elpa-irony

If one requires a newer version of Clang/LLVM than the one provided in backports, the following repository is available: LLVM Debian/Ubuntu nightly packages. This unofficial repository is maintained by Sylvestre Ledru, who is responsible for the official Debian package. His repository also supports Ubuntu and derivatives. When using this unofficial repository, it is recommended to use the MELPA package of irony-mode and to uninstall elpa-irony. Finally, when switching from apt to MELPA, the following action is required: M-x irony-install-server RET.

Configuration

(add-hook 'c++-mode-hook 'irony-mode)
(add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'irony-mode)
(add-hook 'objc-mode-hook 'irony-mode)

(add-hook 'irony-mode-hook 'irony-cdb-autosetup-compile-options)

Windows considerations

irony-mode should work fine on Windows but there are some things to take care of first.

Windows configuration tweaks to add to your Emacs configuration:

;; Windows performance tweaks
;;
(when (boundp 'w32-pipe-read-delay)
  (setq w32-pipe-read-delay 0))
;; Set the buffer size to 64K on Windows (from the original 4K)
(when (boundp 'w32-pipe-buffer-size)
  (setq irony-server-w32-pipe-buffer-size (* 64 1024)))

Usage

On the first run, irony-mode will ask you to build and install irony-server. To do so, type M-x irony-install-server RET.

To tune irony-mode, use customize:

M-x customize-group RET irony RET

In order to provide context sensitive and accurate information, irony-mode needs to know about the compiler flags used to parse the current buffer. The best way to achieve this is to use a Compilation Database.

Compilation Database

In order to work correctly, irony-mode needs to know the compile flags. irony-cdb aims to provide as automatic as possible compile flags discovery, with minimal user input.

Please refer to irony-cdb-autosetup-compile-options and irony-cdb-compilation-databases.

Right now irony-cdb supports the following compilation databases:

More detailed information on compilation database is available here:

FAQ

It's slow, why?

A bug in old version of Clang (at least '3.1-8') caused the completion to fail on the standard library types. To eliminate this bug an optimisation has been disabled in the parsing of a translation unit. This result in a slower parsing.

This only affect old versions of Clang (< 3.2), it is suggested to update your libclang installation if you want to take advantage of the optimizations.

libclang.so: cannot open shared object file...

Compiling irony-server succeed but you have the following message when you try to run the irony-server executable:

'irony-server: error while loading shared libraries: libclang.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

When libclang is installed in a non-standard location (one that is missing from the path list of the dynamic loader, see ld.so.conf) you can tell CMake to use the rpath when installing the target irony-server. To enable rpath in CMake use the following command:

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH=ON <args...>

If you're running OS X, you can also use install_name_tool to explicitly tell irony-server where an appropriate version of libclang.dylib lives. For example, Homebrew (with brew install llvm --with-clang) will install a libclang.dylib library at /usr/local/opt/llvm/lib/libclang.dylib; you can instruct irony-server to use this with something like:

install_name_tool -change @rpath/libclang.dylib /usr/local/opt/llvm/lib/libclang.dylib irony-server