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ReasonVienna Development Setup

In this repository you will find all the instructions and tools you need to be able to contribute to our Reason projects at ReasonVienna. This guide will also give you some insights in the ReasonML ecosystem and explain the responsibilites of all required tools.

Reason Ecosystem & Installation

When people think about Reason, they think about the revamped syntax addon for OCaml. Actually, Reason is more than that. It is a complete toolchain for building Reason & OCaml applications with an opinionated workflow.

The toolchain contains following things:

Name	Description	From which opam package?
`ocamlmerlin`	This is the (OCaml-specific) tool which gives you autocompletion & compiler errors in your editor	merlin
`ocamlmerlin-reason`	This is a bridge to make `merlin` understand the reason syntax	reason
`rtop`	Interactive Reason interpreter for your terminal	reason
`refmt`	This is the reformatter for pretty-printing reason-code	reason
`rebuild`	This is a compiled wrapper of `ocamlbuild` with saner defaults and reason syntax addon	reason

Reason is heavily built on existing OCaml infrastructure, so you will probably encounter many OCaml related terms. Don't get discouraged by this, but we promise that you will get used to it very quickly, as soon as you build your first Reason application.

OCaml / Reason Tools Installation

OCaml is installed via opam, the OCaml pendant to nvm & npm. It manages your OCaml compiler versions which are called a switch. Each switch has its own set of installed opam packages.

# Install opam (OSX homebrew)
brew install opam

# This will initialize your opam environment
opam init

# **Note**: add the line below to your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc too; it's needed at every shell startup
eval $(opam config env)

After the initialization, opam will store your complete OCaml environment (packages, compilers, configuration) in ~/.opam.

This weird eval $(opam config env) statement is used to inject the current opam configuration in your $PATH variable. This is super important for the editor integration. Otherwise your editor plugin will not be able to find the tools needed to provide you with autocompletion etc.

Now it is time to install the correct OCaml compiler for Reason:

opam update
opam switch 4.02.3

# You will probably have to eval your config again
eval $(opam config env)

Since we now have the correct compiler installed, we can now install all required opam packages:

opam install reason.1.13.7
opam install merlin.2.5.4

Let's check if everything is set up correctly:

which ocamlmerlin refmt ocamlmerlin-reason

echo 'print_string "hello!\n";' > hello.re

# rebuild is another binary exposed by the Reason package
rebuild hello.native # Automatically generates hello.native from hello.re

./hello.native # Should display "hello!"

BuckleScript

You probably noticed that we didn't install anything JavaScript related yet, right? Maybe you also know that there are two specific workflows described on the offical Reason website:

For now, we installed all the tools we need for our editor integration & for building native OCaml applications. To build JavaScript, you need to use the BuckleScript platform, which is installed via npm.

Here are the official install instructions of a newly created npm based project:

# new folder setup, add package.json, install BuckleScript
mkdir -p test/src && cd test
echo 'print_endline "hello!";' > src/test.re
npm init -y
npm install --save-dev bs-platform

# basic BuckleScript build config, start it in watch mode
echo '{"name": "test", "sources": "src"}' > bsconfig.json
./node_modules/.bin/bsb -w

BuckleScript is installed as bs-platform. The interesting part about this package is, that it also ships with a complete OCaml environment and has all the tools it need to build OCaml code and to transform the result to JavaScript.

You will probably ask why we installed opam in the beginning then? That's because (as for right now) it is the easiest way to install all the required tools for our editor integration.

There is also a npm based (reason-cli) approach, but as in our experience the installation process was very fragile and problematic on various machines.

Editor Integration

Since there are many editors out there, we try to align to one specific editor, which turned out to be VSCode. If you are attending to our mob programming sessions, it is highly recommended to set everything up, in case someone else needs to work on the same machine.

Of course, feel free to use whatever editor you want. You can check out the official Editor Plugins section for your target editor.

VSCode

To efficiently write Reason code in VSCode, we need the ReasonML plugin, which can be found here.

You can install it directly in VSCode by searching for reasonml in the plugin repository If all the previous installation steps have be done correctly, you should now be able to open a ReasonML project and get all the merlin features as auto-completion and type inference.

We also recommend to enable following setting in your ReasonML settings:

"reason.formatOnSave": true,

This will automatically transform your code with refmt, whenever you save a Reason file.

Contributing

That's it! Hopefully this will get you started for some ReasonML at ReasonVienna :-) If you have ideas to make this guide more helpful, just let us know or send a PR with your proposed changes!

Make sure to check our ReasonVienna Meetup Page for upcoming events or follow us on twitter: @reasonvienna

Happy Coding!