Awesome
fontoxpath
A minimalistic XPath 3.1 and XQuery 3.1 engine for (XML) nodes with XQuery Update Facility 3.0 support.
How to use
Querying XML
evaluateXPath(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, returnType, options);
The following are convenience functions for a specific returnType.
evaluateXPathToArray(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToAsyncIterator(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToBoolean(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToFirstNode(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToMap(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToNodes(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToNumber(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToNumbers(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToString(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
evaluateXPathToStrings(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
xpathExpression
<String>
The query to evaluate.contextNode
<Node>
The node in which context thexpathExpression
will be evaluated. Defaults tonull
.domFacade
<IDomFacade>
An IDomFacade implementation which will be used for querying the DOM. Defaults to an implementation which uses properties and methods on thecontextNode
as described in the DOM spec.variables
<Object>
The properties ofvariables
are available variables within thexpathExpression
. Defaults to an emptyObject
. Can only be used to set variables in the global namespace.returnType
<number>
Determines the type of the result. Defaults toevaluateXPath.ANY_TYPE
. Possible values:evaluateXPath.ALL_RESULTS_TYPE
Returns the result of the query, can be anything depending on the query. This will always be an array, and the result can be mixed: contain both nodes and strings for example.evaluateXPath.NUMBER_TYPE
Resolve to anumber
, like count((1,2,3)) resolves to 3.evaluateXPath.STRING_TYPE
Resolve to astring
, like //someElement[1] resolves to the text content of the first someElement.evaluateXPath.BOOLEAN_TYPE
Resolves to aboolean
true or false, uses the effective boolean value to determine the result. count(1) resolves to true, count(()) resolves to false.evaluateXPath.NODES_TYPE
Resolve to all nodesNode[]
the XPath resolves to. Returns nodes in the order the XPath would. Meaning (//a, //b) resolves to all A nodes, followed by all B nodes. //*[self::a or self::b] resolves to A and B nodes in document order.evaluateXPath.FIRST_NODE_TYPE
Resolves to the firstNode
node.NODES_TYPE would have resolved to.evaluateXPath.STRINGS_TYPE
Resolve to an array of stringsstring[]
.evaluateXPath.MAP_TYPE
Resolve to anObject
, as a map.evaluateXPath.ARRAY_TYPE
Resolve to an array[]
.evaluateXPath.ASYNC_ITERATOR_TYPE
evaluateXPath.NUMBERS_TYPE
Resolve to an array of numbersnumber[]
.evaluateXPath.ANY_TYPE
Returns the result of the query, can be anything depending on the query. Note that the return type is determined dynamically, not statically: XPaths returning empty sequences will return empty arrays and not null, like one might expect. This is deprecated, useevaluateXPath.ALL_RESULTS_TYPE
instead, since that is more predictable.
options
<Object>
Options used to modify the behavior. The following options are available:namespaceResolver
<function(string):string?>
By default, the namespaces in scope of the context item (if it is a node) are used. This is fine for most queries if you can assume how your XML uses prefixes. Use this function to override those namespaces to remove that assumption. This function will be called with a prefix (the empty string for the default namespaceURI) and should return a namespaceURI (or null for the null namespace).nodesFactory
INodesFactory
A INodesFactory implementation which will be used for creating nodes.language
string
The query language to use. Defaults toevaluateXPath.XPATH_3_1_LANGUAGE
. Possible values:evaluateXPath.XPATH_3_1_LANGUAGE
EvaluatexpathExpression
according the XPath spec.evaluateXPath.XQUERY_3_1_LANGUAGE
EvaluatexpathExpression
according the XQuery spec.
moduleImports
<Object<string, string>
debug
<boolean>
If a debug trace should be tracked, see debugging for more information.logger
<Object>
Object with functions used to override the standard logger.trace: <function(string):void>
The logger for thetrace()
function. The argument is the string of the original message.
defaultFunctionNamespaceURI
<string>
To modify or change the default function namespaceURI. Defaults tohttp://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions
. Defining the default function namespaceURI in the xpath expression overwrites this option.functionNameResolver
<({prefix, localName}, arity) => {namespaceURI, localName}>
To influence the function name resolving algorithm. Useful to extend the protected namespaces, such as thefn
namespace.
Example
const {
evaluateXPath,
evaluateXPathToBoolean,
evaluateXPathToString,
evaluateXPathToFirstNode,
evaluateXPathToNumber,
} = require('fontoxpath');
const documentNode = new DOMParser().parseFromString('<xml/>', 'text/xml');
console.log(evaluateXPathToBoolean('/xml => exists()', documentNode));
// Outputs: true
console.log(evaluateXPathToString('$foo', null, null, { foo: 'bar' }));
// Outputs: "bar"
// We pass the documentNode so the default INodesFactory can be used.
console.log(
evaluateXPathToFirstNode('<foo>bar</foo>', documentNode, null, null, {
language: evaluateXPath.XQUERY_3_1_LANGUAGE,
}).outerHTML
);
// Outputs: "<foo>bar</foo>"
// We pass the Math namespaceURI for the pi() function to be used
console.log(
evaluateXPathToNumber(
'pi()',
documentNode,
undefined,
{},
{
language: evaluateXPath.XQUERY_3_1_LANGUAGE,
defaultFunctionNamespaceURI: 'http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math',
}
)
);
// Outputs: Math.PI (3.14...)
Creating typed values
When having to pass JavaScript values as variables to an evaluateXPath
call you can create a typed
value of it to ensure it will be used as that specific type.
If you do not do this and instead pass a plain JavaScript value as variable it will get converted automatically into a type which fits but you will not be able to control the exact type.
const integerValueFactory = createTypedValueFactory('xs:integer');
const integerValue = integerValueFactory(123, domFacade);
// Will return true as we specified it to be an xs:integer
evaluateXPathToBoolean('$value instance of xs:integer', null, null, {
value: typedValue,
}),
// Will return false as JavaScript numbers are by default converted to an xs:double
evaluateXPathToBoolean('$value instance of xs:integer', null, null, {
value: 123,
}),
Debugging
FontoXPath can output a basic trace for an error if the debug
option is set to true
. This is
disabled by default because of performance reasons.
evaluateXPathToBoolean(`
if (true()) then
zero-or-one((1, 2))
else
(1, 2, 3)
`, null, null, null, {debug: true});
// Throws:
1: if (true()) then
2: zero-or-one((1, 2))
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
3: else
4: (1, 2, 3)
Error: FORG0003: The argument passed to fn:zero-or-one contained more than one item.
at <functionCallExpr>:2:3 - 2:22
at <ifThenElseExpr>:1:1 - 4:12
Besides errors, the fn:trace
function can be used to output information to the developer console.
Performance
FontoXPath can use the Performance API to provide some insight in the speed of XPaths. To use it, first give FontoXPath an implementation of the Performance interface:
import { profiler } from 'fontoxpath';
profiler.setPerformanceImplementation(window.performance); // or global.performance or self.performance, depending on you surroundings
// And start profiling all XPath / XQuery usage
profiler.startProfiling();
At some point, you may want to get a summary of all evaluated XPaths:
const summary = profiler.getPerformanceSummary();
This summary contains an array of XPaths, their execution times, their total runtime and their average runtime. Starting a performance profile will also output measurements on the timeline of the performance profiler of the browser.
Modifying XML
To modify XML you can use XQuery Update Facility 3.0 as following
evaluateUpdatingExpressionSync(xpathExpression, contextNode, domFacade, variables, options);
The arguments are the same as evaluateXPath
. This returns an Object
, the object has a
xdmValue
and pendingUpdateList
. The xdmValue
is the result of query as if it was run using
evaluateXPath
with evaluateXPath.ANY_TYPE
as returnType
. The pendingUpdateList
is an
<Object[]>
in which each entry represents an update
primitive where the type
identifies
the update primitive.
The pending update list can be executed using
executePendingUpdateList(pendingUpdateList, domFacade, nodesFactory, documentWriter);
pendingUpdateList
<Object[]>
The pending update list returned byevaluateUpdatingExpression
.domFacade
<IDomFacade>
SeeevaluateXPath
. The default will use nodes from thependingUpdateList
.nodesFactory
INodesFactory
A INodesFactory implementation which will be used for creating nodes. Defaults to an implementation which uses properties and methods of nodes from thependingUpdateList
.documentWriter
<IDocumentWriter>
An IDocumentWriter implementation which will be used for modifying a DOM. Defaults to an implementation which uses properties and methods of nodes from thependingUpdateList
.
Example
const { evaluateUpdatingExpression, executePendingUpdateList } = require('fontoxpath');
const documentNode = new DOMParser().parseFromString('<xml/>', 'text/xml');
const result = evaluateUpdatingExpressionSync('replace node /xml with <foo/>', documentNode)
executePendingUpdateList(result.pendingUpdateList);
console.log(documentNode.documentElement.outerHTML);
// Outputs: "<foo/>";
An example of using XQUF with XQuery modules:
registerXQueryModule(`
module namespace my-custom-namespace = "my-custom-uri";
(:~
Insert attribute somewhere
~:)
declare %public %updating function my-custom-namespace:do-something ($ele as element()) as xs:boolean {
if ($ele/@done) then false() else
(insert node
attribute done {"true"}
into $ele, true())
};
`);
// At some point:
const contextNode = null;
const pendingUpdatesAndXdmValue = evaluateUpdatingExpressionSync(
'ns:do-something(.)',
contextNode,
null,
null,
{ moduleImports: { ns: 'my-custom-uri' } }
);
console.log(pendingUpdatesAndXdmValue.xdmValue); // this is true or false, see function
executePendingUpdateList(pendingUpdatesAndXdmValue.pendingUpdateList, null, null, null);
// At this point the context node will have its attribute set
Global functions
To register custom functions. They are registered globally.
registerCustomXPathFunction(name, signature, returnType, callback);
name
{namespaceURI: string, localName: string}
The function name.signature
string[]
The arguments of the function.returnType
string
The return type of the function.callback
function
The function itself.
Example:
const fontoxpath = require('fontoxpath');
// Register a function called 'there' in the 'hello' namespace:
fontoxpath.registerCustomXPathFunction(
{ namespaceURI: 'hello', localName: 'there' },
['xs:string'],
'xs:string',
(_, str) => `Hello there, ${str}`
);
// and call it, using the BracedUriLiteral syntax (Q{})
const out = fontoxpath.evaluateXPathToString('Q{hello}there("General Kenobi")');
// Or by using a prefix instead:
const URI_BY_PREFIX = { hi: 'hello' };
const out2 = fontoxpath.evaluateXPathToString('hi:there("General Kenobi")', null, null, null, {
namespaceResolver: (prefix) => URI_BY_PREFIX[prefix],
});
Including modules
Use the registerXQueryModule
function to register an XQuery module. Registered modules will be
globally available, but will have to be imported before they can be used.
Example:
const fontoxpath = require('fontoxpath');
fontoxpath.registerXQueryModule(`
module namespace test = "https://www.example.org/test1";
declare %public function test:hello($a) {
"Hello " || $a
};
`);
// Import the module using the XQuery way:
fontoxpath.evaluateXPathToString(
`
import module namespace test = "https://www.example.org/test1";
(: Invoke the test:hello function :)
test:hello('there')
`,
null,
null,
null,
{ language: fontoxpath.evaluateXPath.XQUERY_3_1_LANGUAGE }
);
// Or by using the moduleImports API, which can be used in XPath contexts as well
fontoxpath.evaluateXPathToString(
`
(: Invoke the test:hello function :)
test:hello('there')
`,
null,
null,
null,
{ moduleImports: { test: 'https://www.example.org/test1' } }
);
Typescript
We support TypeScript; and expose a minimal Node type. You can use generic types to get the type of the DOM implementation you are using without having to cast it.
const myNodes = evaluateXPathToNodes<slimdom.Node>('<foo>bar</foo>', null, null, null, {
language: evaluateXPath.XQUERY_3_1_LANGUAGE,
});
// Type of myNodes is: slimdom.Node[] .
Compiling queries to JavaScript for better execution performance
:warning: Warning: this functionality considered experimental. :warning:
FontoXPath supports compiling a small but useful subset of XPath 3.1 to pure JavaScript code. Query
execution performance benefits from this: execution speed can be 2 to 7 times higher than when using
evaluateXPath
, according to our benchmarks.
Two API's provide this functionality:
compileXPathToJavaScript
Compiles a query and its return type to JavaScript code. This result should be evaluated to a function, for example withnew Function
.executeJavaScriptCompiledXPath
Evaluates a to a function evaluated compiled query (see the example below) and applies it to the given context node, returning its resulting value.
Supported functionality
Here is a list of supported functionality so you can determine if compiling to JavaScript is suitable for your project. These functionalities are supported:
- Absolute and relative path expressions, including an arbitrary amount of steps.
child
,self
,parent
andattribute
axes.- NodeTests: NameTest, ElementTest, Wildcard and TextTest.
- Predicates (the
[
and]
in/xml[child::title]
). - Logical operators (
and
andor
). - Compares (compare string to string and node to string).
- Return types
evaluateXPath.NODES_TYPE
,evaluateXPath.BOOLEAN_TYPE
,evaluateXPath.FIRST_NODE_TYPE
,evaluateXPath.STRING
,evaluateXPath.ANY
.
Functions, XQuery and other more advanced features are not supported (yet).
Example usage:
import {
compileXPathToJavaScript,
CompiledXPathFunction,
evaluateXPath,
executeJavaScriptCompiledXPath,
} from 'fontoxpath';
const documentNode = new DOMParser().parseFromString('<p>Beep beep.</p>', 'text/xml');
const compiledXPathResult = compileXPathToJavaScript(
'/child::p/text()',
evaluateXPath.BOOLEAN_TYPE
);
if (compiledXPathResult.isAstAccepted === true) {
// Query is compiled succesfully, it can be evaluated.
const evalFunction = new Function(compiledXPathResult.code) as CompiledXPathFunction;
console.log(executeJavaScriptCompiledXPath(evalFunction, documentNode));
// Outputs: true
} else {
// Not supported by JS codegen (yet).
}
Ideas to improve the example to better fit your project:
- If a query could not be compiled to JavaScript, fall back on the stable
evaluateXPath
function. - Add caching so compiling and
new Function
does not have happen more than once per unique query. - Store compiled code to disk.
Features
Note that this engine assumes XPath 1.0 compatibility mode turned off.
Not all XPath 3.1 functions are implemented yet. We accept pull requests for missing features. A full list of supported queries can be found on the playground. Select the 'Report on which functions are implemented' example to get a full dynamic report!
The following features are unavailable at this moment, but will be implemented at some point in time (and even sooner if you can help!):
- Some DateTime related functions
- Collation related functions (
fn:compare#3
) - Some other miscellaneous functions
- XML parsing
- The
treat as
operator - Some parts of FLWOR expressions
For all available features, see the unit tests, or just try it out on the Demo page.
Extensions to the spec
FontoXPath implements a single function that is public API: fontoxpath:version() as xs:string
. It
resides in the 'http://fontoxml.com/fontoxpath' namespace. Call it to check what version of
FontoXPath you are running.
Compatibility
This engine is pretty DOM-agnostic, it has a good track record with the browser DOM implementations and slimdom.js. There are a number of known issues with other DOM implementations such as xmldom because it does not follow the DOM spec on some features including namespaces.
When using namespaces in general, be sure to not use the HTML DOM since it does not always implement namespaces how you'd expect!
Contribution
If you have any questions on how to use FontoXPath, or if you are running into problems, just file a github issue! If you are looking to contribute, we have a Contribution Guide that should help you in getting your development environment set up.